Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In Ontario, persons with multiple sexual partners became eligible for free hepatitis B vaccine in late 1991. From January 1992 to January 1993, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic for men in Toronto was one site where the vaccine was delivered. The objectives of the study were to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B markers, the series completion rate for hepatitis B vaccine, and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B markers required before screening would be a cost-effective endeavour. The seroprevalence of anti-HBs in gay/bisexual men was 18.1% (95% CI: 15.3%-20.7%) and in heterosexual men was 5.1% (95% CI: 3.0-9.7%). HBsAg was detected in 0.9% (95% CI: 0.04%-1.8%) of gay/bisexual men and was undetected in heterosexual men. Completion of a full vaccine series was 47% for gay/bisexual men and 25% for heterosexual men (p = 0.04). A combined seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs of at least 30-64%, depending on cost figures used, was required to justify screening prior to completion of a full series.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B vaccination and screening for markers at a sexually transmitted disease clinic for men. 780 40

A survey of 181 Ethiopian females ages 14-19 years recruited from health facilities in Addis Ababa revealed a high incidence of obstetric and gynecologic problems. All subjects completed a questionnaire administered by a female health worker and underwent a gynecologic examination and serologic tests. 49% of subjects were married and 18% were divorced; 11% were prostitutes. Age at first intercourse was under 12 years in 18%, 13-15 years in 38%, and 16 years or above in 44%; 40% were sexually active before menarche. 92% of adolescents had at least one sexually transmitted disease (STD), predominantly gonorrhea (40%), genital chlamydia (51%), hepatitis B (36%), herpes simplex virus (32%), and syphilis (21%), and 43% had clinical signs of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). 53% had had at least one pregnancy. The earlier the age at first intercourse, the more likely it was that the adolescent would have multiple sexual partners and several STDs; adolescents in this category were also more likely to be from poor families from rural areas. Only 21% were attending a family planning clinic for annual check-ups; 14% of these females were using contraception. Although only 8% were infertile at the time of assessment, 23% had clinical evidence of salpingitis--a risk factor for future infertility. Given the long-term health risks (e.g., infertility, cervical cancer, and gonorrhea-related infant morbidity) associated with the patterns observed among these adolescents, it is recommended that STD education receive higher priority and that the Ethiopian Government consider greater enforcement of the law prohibiting sexual intercourse and marriage before the age of 16 years.
 ...
PMID:Teenage obstetric and gynaecological problems in an African city. 783 12

The prevalence of HBV-markers in our patients in STD high-risk groups was markedly higher than the average in Vienna. 19% of the registered prostitutes, 44% of the illegal prostitutes, 29% of the bar hostesses and 39% of the STD patients were found to be positive in at least one HBV marker. I.v. drug abuse. African origin and irregular condom use were the most important risk factors in our patients. The hepatitis B vaccination campaign was successful to a high degree. 69% of the registered prostitutes and 85% of the regularly examined bar hostesses accepted the vaccination. Promotion programmes should focus on institutions caring for STD risk persons rather than on the persons themselves.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatitis B in persons at high risk for sexually transmitted diseases. Screening and vaccination campaign--acceptance and results]. 784 75

This article will review the 1993 STD Treatment Guidelines of particular importance to dermatologic clinical practice. Topics include STD/HIV prevention, management of sexual partners, STD in persons with HIV co-infection, genital ulcer disease (GUD) including syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and chancroid, therapy of nongonococcal (NGU) and chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis, gonococcal (GC) infections, HPV infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, pediculosis pubis, and scabies.
 ...
PMID:The 1993 sexually transmitted disease treatment guidelines. 784 21

This prospective study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and to examine the sexual determinants of hepatitis B virus in a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Clinic population. 217 men and 81 women were entered. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B markers was 7.7%. Women with more than ten lifetime sexual partners were twice as likely to have been exposed to hepatitis B (OR 1.9). Both men and women who had been sexually active for more than seven years were two to three times as likely to have been in contact with hepatitis B (OR 2.2 (men), 3.1 (women)). Injection drug use was also associated with hepatitis B infection (OR 4.69). There was no association between hepatitis B infection and type of sexual contact. The presence of an STD was associated with an increased prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection. This population should be considered for hepatitis B vaccination.
 ...
PMID:Sero-epidemiologic study to determine the prevalence and risk of hepatitis B in a Canadian heterosexual sexually transmitted disease population. 792 68

International travels are increasingly frequent. Beside malaria prophylaxis, the general practitioner will review several vaccinations.e Tetanus and poliomyelitis vaccines should be administered once every ten years. It will often be useful to give a protection against hepatitis A, and less often, against typhoid fever. The yellow fever vaccine, which may be required or recommended to visit several African and South American countries, is injected only by officially recognised centres. For some travels, vaccination against hepatitis B, meningococcal meningitis or, rarely, against rabies may be considered. The vaccine against cholera will never be administered, due to its lack of efficacy and high frequency of side effects. Travellers diarrhoea will be discussed, and a "pocket" treatment prescribed. Finally, general information will be provided, including those on STD.
 ...
PMID:[Vaccinations and useful advice for travelers]. 793 82

This paper reports the epidemiology of hospital-diagnosed acute viral hepatitis in U.S. Air Force personnel from 1980-89. First hospitalizations for viral hepatitis generally declined, ranging from 24.6 to 47.2 per 100,000 personnel. Hepatitis rates were higher among men, (RR = 1.3; 95% C.I., 1.1-1.5) and higher among blacks, compared to whites (RR = 1.4; 95% C.I., 1.3-1.6). Analysis of risk associated with various occupations demonstrated an increased risk of viral hepatitis for procedurally oriented medical personnel (physicians, clinical nurses, dentists) when compared to all other occupations (RR = 1.5; 95% C.I., 1.1-1.9). Pilots and navigators demonstrated a decreased risk of acute viral hepatitis. Members hospitalized for hepatitis B had a prior or concurrent diagnosis for sexually transmitted disease in 37% of cases; for drug abuse, 32% of cases. Serum samples from 332 individuals demonstrated that hepatitis A had the highest rate of agreement (84%) between serology and hospital discharge diagnosis. Only 3% of individuals with the diagnosis of NANB hepatitis were positive for hepatitis C.
 ...
PMID:Viral hepatitis in the U.S. Air Force, 1980-89: an epidemiological and serological study. 801 82

The aim of the study was to assess prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among heterosexual men and women with multiple partners attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic and to establish risk factors of HBV infection in order to consider immunisation for those subjects. A prospective study of heterosexual men and women selected on having multiple partners and presenting to an STD clinic as new patients was carried out from October 1987 through December 1989. Follow-up continued until December 1990 at the STD clinic of the Municipal Health Service of Amsterdam. Five hundred ninety-eight men and women entered the study. More than 70% of both women and men had had commercial sexual partners in the last 5 years. Three hundred eighty-one participants were born in HBV low endemic countries, 205 came from HBV intermediate endemicity regions. The prevalence of HBV markers in both men and women from low endemic regions was 10%, and for men and women from middle endemic regions 42% and 19%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that number of years involved in commercial sex was an independent risk factor in male participants from HBV low endemic regions (odds ratio [OR] 1.10 per year) and for women sexual contact with men at high risk of HBV infection (OR 2.59).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis B virus infection in a group of heterosexuals with multiple partners in Amsterdam, The Netherlands: implications for vaccination? 808 46

Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Seattle (n = 213) were studied to identify the prevalence and predominant types of and risk factors for human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection. Detailed questionnaires, serologic screening, and polymerase chain reaction analysis (for a subset) were used. Evidence of HTLV infection was found in 16.5%, of which 89% were HTLV-II. HTLV infection was significantly associated with nonwhite race, older age, more years of intravenous drug use, prior use of heroin, history of gonorrhea, history of any sexually transmitted disease, hepatitis B virus infection, and antibody to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). By stepwise logistic regression analysis, associations persisted with race, age, hepatitis B markers, and HSV-2. Thus, the strong association of HTLV with hepatitis B, a marker for injection behavior, and the independent association with HSV-2 infection, a sexually transmitted pathogen, suggest similarities in the epidemiology of HTLV and human immunodeficiency virus infections in IVDUs.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence and epidemiologic correlates of human T cell lymphotropic virus infection among intravenous drug users. 816 27

Since January 1985 James Pringle House, the genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic at London's Middlesex Hospital, has built up an extensive computerized patient database. Yearly statistics relating to 1) individual patients, 2) diagnoses, 3) attendances, and 4) an activity estimator (combining features of attendances and their corresponding diagnoses) are extracted. Each is assessed as a potential tool for quantifying the rising workload associated with the clinic's increased staffing levels and expanded services. Only the activity estimator identifies an upward trend, rising 26.3% from 1985-86 to 1991-92, caused largely by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B related attendances. This activity estimator could provide the basis for a workload reporting facility on all GUM computer systems. The 4 statistics exhibit other useful information, including a 21.0% rate of non-attendance (a substantial hidden addition to workload) and a strong allegiance to the clinic from patients residing outside of the local Health Authority region.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Assessing statistics for the measurement of workload at a genitourinary medicine clinic. 821 13


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>