Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequencies of hepatitis A and hepatitis B markers were determined in 291 members of the staff and 714 patients of a psychiatric institution for adults. 71.8% of the patients suffered from psychosis, 17.7% from neurosis, and 10.6% from oligophrenia. 84.4% of the patients and 69.2% of the staff were anti-HAV-positive. - 26.8% of the patients and 19.9% of the staff showed at least one HBV marker. The frequency of anti-HBc increased with age but not with hospitalization. Anti-HBc-positive persons did not show transaminase abnormalities more often as reported previously. - 2.6% of the patients were presumable Non-A, Non-B hepatitis cases after excluding IgM-anti-HAV, IgM-anti-CMV or -EBV and possible toxic effects. The rate of presumable Non-A, Non-B hepatitis equaled the frequency of HBsAg-positive persons.
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PMID:Hepatitis A and B markers and presumable non-A, non-B hepatitis in a psychiatric institution. 628 59

In a study of 100 institutionalised patients with psychosis and an equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls from the same regional background, the prevalence of Australia antigen (HBsAg) was 11 and 2, respectively. Institutionalised psychotic patients are a high-risk group for hepatitis B virus infection.
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PMID:Prevalence of Australia antigen (HBsAg) in institutionalised patients with psychosis. 803 45

Neuropsychiatric side effects are common with Interferon a 2b. Psychosis and depression have been reported. Several cases of mania have been reported but only few have been associated with treatment for hepatitis B. We report a case of mania with psychotic symptoms in a 21-year-old female diagnosed to have hepatitis-B infection, who was receiving interferon. The report supports the view that dose reductions or pauses during interferon treatment can cause mania. Family history of mood disorder could be a risk factor. Atypical presentations are common in interferon-induced mania. Mania induced by interferon responds well to antimanic drugs. Since the use of interferon is increasing in developing countries, the need for awareness of side effects and management issues are important and these are highlighted.
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PMID:Mania associated with interferon alpha2b treatment. 1749 91

Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with problems in cognition, mood, psychosis, and less commonly, anxiety. Folate deficiency primarily is associated with problems in mood. Patients who have sickle cell disease, a disease of chronic pain, experience difficulties with depression, anxiety, stigma, and are at risk for substance abuse and dependence. Patients with hemophilia have benefited from advances in treatment; however, their morbidity and mortality were compounded in those who received blood products contaminated with HIV, or hepatitis B and C. Psychiatrists who practice psychosomatic medicine should expect to encounter patients with the above problems, as they are frequently seen in medical settings. Finally, most of the commonly used psychotropic medications have uncommon but potentially important hematologic side effects or may interact with the anticoagulants used in medically ill patients.
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PMID:Hematologic problems in psychosomatic medicine. 1793 43

Psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression have long been associated with risk behaviors for HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). The US prison population is reported to have elevated rates of HIV, hepatitis and most psychiatric disorders. This study examined the association of six major psychiatric disorders with HIV mono-infection, HIV/HCV co-infection and HIV/HBV co-infection in one of the nation's largest prison populations. The study population consisted of 370,511 Texas Department of Criminal Justice inmates who were incarcerated for any duration between January 1, 2003 and July 1, 2006. Information on medical conditions and sociodemographic factors was obtained from an institution-wide electronic medical information system. Offenders diagnosed with HIV mono-infection, HIV/HCV, HIV/HBV and all HIV combined exhibited elevated rates of major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, non-schizophrenic psychotic disorder and any psychiatric disorder. In comparison to offenders with HIV mono-infection, those with HIV/HCV co-infection had an elevated prevalence of any psychiatric disorder. This cross-sectional study's finding of positive associations between psychiatric disease and both HIV infection and hepatitis co-infection among Texas prison inmates holds both clinical and public health relevance. It will be important for future investigations to examine the extent to which psychiatric disorders serve as a barrier to medical care, communication with clinicians and adherence to prescribed medical regimens among both HIV-mono-infected and HIV/hepatitis-co-infected inmates.
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PMID:Psychiatric disorders, HIV infection and HIV/hepatitis co-infection in the correctional setting. 1827 23

Infections can act as environmental triggers inducing or promoting systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in genetically predisposed individuals. The aim of the present study was to compare the titres of antibodies (Abs) to infectious agents with neuropsychiatric (NPSLE) clinical manifestations. The sera of 260 individuals (120 patients with SLE and 140 geographic controls) were evaluated for the titres of Epstein bar virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasma, rubella and syphilis Abs using the BioPlex 2200 Multiplexed Immunoassay method (BioRad) and by the ELISA method for Helicobacter pylori and Hepatitis B core Ag. All BioPlex 2200 kits used were in developmental stages. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 9.0 statistical analysis software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA, 1999). Correlation analysis indicated that rubella IgM Ab titres were marginally, positively associated with psychosis (P = 0.09). No other associations were detected between the 17 infectious Abs and five NP manifestations. When the positivity cut-off for anti-rubella IgM Abs was set at three standard deviations above normal, three positive subjects were identified: one patient with psychosis and one with depression, for a total NPSLE prevalence of 33.3%. On the contrary, the prevalence of NPSLE in the remaining subjects was 6.5%. Marginally significant correlations between elevated titres of rubella IgM Ab with psychosis and depression were found. Although this nearly 5-fold increase is not statistically significant, it appears that in a larger sample size, significance would be reached. This is the first study reported that examined the correlation of NPSLE manifestations with anti-infectious Abs.
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PMID:Neuropsychiatric lupus and infectious triggers. 1849 Apr 12

We report the case of a 34-year-old man of African origin, positive for both HIV and hepatitis B virus, who developed symptoms of mania and psychosis while being treated with efavirenz (a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in HIV therapy) that required inpatient psychiatric admission and treatment with antipsychotic medication. Our case illustrates multiple predisposing and precipitating factors occurring simultaneously that have been previously implicated individually in the development of neuropsychiatric complications with efavirenz (and other HIV treatments in general). We suggest that patient's commenced on antiretroviral medication should have a screening process for pre-existing mental and medical health problems as well as psychosocial risk factors that might put a patient at risk. In addition with advances in pharmacogenomics we advocate future cytochrome P450 gene variant testing coupled with routine efavirenz plasma concentration monitoring to help ensure maximum treatment benefit and minimal risk of side effects.
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PMID:Neuropsychiatric sequelae in an efavirenz treated patient with hepatitis B. 2212 93

The majority of opioid dependent patients suffer from various psychiatric and somatic comorbid diseases like mood and anxiety disorders, psychotic diseases, personality disorders, HIV infection, Hepatitis B and C. If medical treatment is needed, grouping active substances to FDA Pregnancy Categories (A, B, C, D or X) may be helpful. The majority of substances reported here only fulfill the FDA-categories C or D, which means that they could have teratogenic effects, but with probably different rank order. First of all, referring to mood, personality and anxiety disorders, the focus should be laid on non-pharmacological treatment by offering psychotherapeutic and supporting psychosocial interventions to the patients. However, opioid dependent pregnant patients who suffer from severe diseases such as psychosis, bipolar affective disorder or severe depression, may need psychoactive medication like antipsychotics, antidepressants or mood stabilizers to prevent them from harm caused by psychotic ideas and actions and/or suicidality. However these medications may comprise fetal risks, especially when taken together, and therefore should only be used when benefit and risks are considered together with patients and their relatives. It is important to avoid acute or renewed psychiatric decompensation. We present the current differentiated knowledge for therapy of opioid dependent patients with antipsychotics, antidepressants (e.g. higher fetal risk in case of treatment with fluoxetine and paroxetine) or mood stabilizers. All of them should only be used after considering benefit and risks. During pregnancy, there should not be switched between different antidepressant drugs. Referring mood stabilizers, the intake of valproic acid should be avoided in pregnancy or at least, dosage should be kept as low as possible since severe teratogenetic effects are known. In addition the specific drug treatment of HIV and hepatitis B during pregnancy is described. During childbirth HIV-infected patients should receive zidovudine intravenously to prevent vertical transmission. Co-infection with hepatitis C cannot be treated during pregnancy, since interferons are associated with a severe risk of fetal malformations and ribavirin has teratogenic effects; for this reason interferon therapy should be started after delivery.
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PMID:[Pregnant opioid addicted patients and additional drug intake. Part II: Comorbidity and their therapy]. 2216 97