Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019163 (hepatitis B)
 38,309 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 1989, the Royal New Zealand Medical Corps and the Health Department augmented their mass treatment program of yaws by also screening the population of Tanna Island in the archipelago nation of vanuatu for other skin infections. Health workers first visited the villages and informed leaders of the program. Radio broadcasts also informed the public. The teams reached about 90% (18,223 people from 288 villages) of the target population. They also treated other diseases and led a health education exchange on vector control, improvements in sanitation and the water supply, and immunization of children with each village. 16.5% of the population had only scabies. They tended to be younger than those with other skin infections (mean age 14.8 vs. 22.6 years; p .05). Children under 10 years old had the highest prevalence rate (20.6 for 5-9 years olds and 27.5% for 0-4 years olds). People who lived in the Middle Bush area had the highest prevalence rate of scabies (20.8%) as well as the lowest supply of water for washing. Health workers treated the people with benzoyl benzoate. 11.9% of people had other infections which included furuncles, abscesses, impetigo, and cellulitis. They were most likely staphylococcal and/or streptococcal infections. 9.7% had grade 2 lesions (mean age - 14.1% years) and 2.2% had grade 3 lesions (mean age = 13.5 years). Grade 2 infections were more common in the north (16.4%) and the southwest (16.8%) while grade 3 infections were most common in White Sands (7.1%). The high prevalence at White Sands may have been due to the irritating effects of the acidic rain created by the active nearby volcano. Skin infections were more common in crowded households (p .05). These skin infections were significant because they often transmit hepatitis B virus and have been associated with acute and chronic glomerulonephritis which is common in children in Vanuatu. Tanna Island must develop an extensive strategy to control skin infections.
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PMID:Skin infections in Tanna, Vanuatu in 1989. 150 13

Foreign adopted children and children of asylum applicants and refugees, newly arrived in Denmark, often have lived under conditions that make the following diagnostic considerations relevant: scabies, lice, impetigo and fungal skin infections, nutritional iron deficiency or bleeding, anaemia caused by hook worms in the gastrointestinal tract, malaria, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, HIV infection and various intestinal parasites. Haemoglobinopathies including sickle cell anaemia and talassaemia should also be kept in mind in anaemia. Immigrant children are admitted to hospital approximately twice as frequently as Danish children but with the same diagnoses apart from some increased frequency of psychological and behavioural disturbances and talassaemia.
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PMID:[Diseases among refugee and immigrant children]. 1110 68

Homeless people in developed countries have specific problems predisposing them to infectious diseases. Respiratory infections and outbreaks of tuberculosis and other aerosol transmitted infections have been reported. Homeless intravenous drug users are at an increased risk of contracting HIV, and hepatitis B and C infections. Skin problems are the main reason the homeless seek medical attention, and these commonly include scabies, pediculosis, tinea infections, and impetigo. Many foot disorders are more prevalent in the homeless including ulcers, cellulitis, erysipelas, and gas gangrene. The louse transmitted bacteria Bartonella quintana has recently been found to cause clinical conditions in the homeless such as urban trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, and chronic afebrile bacteraemia. Treatment of homeless people is complicated by financial constraints, self-neglect, and lack of adherence. Patients with serious and contagious illnesses should be hospitalised. Physicians should be aware of these specific issues to enhance care.
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PMID:Infections in the homeless. 1187 79