Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present the case of a 53 year-old patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenia associated with Wilson's disease. Idiopathic thrombocytopenia was diagnosed in August of 1994, and as the response to corticosteroid therapy was poor, the patient underwent a splenectomy in October of the same year. A liver biopsy, which was performed during the operation, showed Wilson's disease in the form of mild, chronic, active hepatitis. The serum ceruloplasmin was low, and the Kayser Fleischer's ring was positive. MRI of the brain showed cortical reductive changes with areas of copper accumulation in the white brain matter. An unusual presentation of Wilson's disease associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenia has not been published as of yet. The diagnosis of Wilson's disease was made at an advanced, adult age, which may implicate a heterozygous genetic configuration.
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PMID:Idiopathic thrombocytopenia associated with Wilson's disease. 984 Jan 46

Cholestasis may present as extrahepatic (obstructive jaundice), as purely intrahepatic (hepatocellular), as part of a cholestatic hepatitis or as a result of intrahepatic obstruction. Anamnestic clues and clinico-chemical analyses (bilirubin, gamma-GT and alkaline phosphatase) together with sonography and finally ERCP usually will furnish the diagnosis. However, with technical advances computed tomography and MRI cholangiography will soon emerge as often useful techniques in hepatobiliary imaging.
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PMID:[Cholestasis: diagnosis]. 985 63

Visualization of copper-induced hepatitis (CuH) in LEC rats was performed by using an MRI apparatus equipped with a magnet producing a high magnetic field of 7.05 T. When three groups of LEC rats (6-16 [pre-hepatitis], 15-26 [acute hepatitis] and 40-77 [chronic hepatitis] weeks old) were examined by MRI under T2-weighted imaging conditions which are suitable for the diagnosis of human hepatitis, hypointense MR images of the livers were, as a whole, obtained in all groups, suggesting that these conditions were not adequate for imaging of CuH of LEC rats. The shortening of the T1 and T2 relaxation times of livers due to an excess amount of paramagnetic irons under the high magnetic field was responsible for the lowering of MR signal intensities of the livers, especially those of 15 to 26-week old rats showing acute hepatitis. However, theoretical calculation of the MR signal intensities using the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the livers indicated that their imaging might be possible under proton density-weighted conditions even with a high magnetic field. Experimental results showed that hepatic injury was visualized as hyperintense regions in the MR image of the liver in the acute-phase rat.
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PMID:MR imaging of hepatic injury in the LEC rat under a high magnetic field (7.05 T). 1033 Nov 95

A 6 year-old boy with autoimmune hepatitis accompanied with cirrhosis was reported. He was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal distention, high fever, and diarrhea. Laboratory examination revealed abnormalities in hepatic function, cholestasis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hypocomplementemia, and low concentration of coagulation factors. Abdominal MRI, and asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated liver scintigraphy strongly indicated liver cirrhosis. Viral hepatitis, Wilson's disease, and antitrypsin deficiency were excluded serologically. Instead, hypergammaglobulinemia, and positive antinuclear antibody suggested autoimmune hepatitis, and the survey of anti-mitochondrial antibody, anti-smooth muscle antibody, and anti-LKM-1 antibody was negative, indicating type I autoimmune hepatitis. Finally, the histology of liver biopsy specimen indicating the destruction of hepatic lobular architecture, dense mononuclear cell infiltrates, and severe fibrosis confirmed the diagnosis. He was treated firstly with methylprednisolone pulses, and then prednisolone p.o. + azathioprine p.o. All of the abnormal laboratory parameters improved to normal levels, indicating that the immunosuppressive therapy will be effective for the severe AIH with cirrhosis.
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PMID:[An infant of autoimmune hepatitis (type I) with cirrhosis]. 1053 82

We report a 49-year-old man who was an HTLV-I carrier with an immunodeficiency state and intracranial pyramidal tract lesion revealed by MRI. He was born in Hokkaido and was admitted to our hospital because of fluminant hepatitis. On admission, neurologic examination revealed exaggerated deep tendon reflexes including the jaw jerk; the plantar response was flexor. Laboratory examination revealed decrease in the number of lymphocytes and CD4-positive lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and CD4/CD8 ratio was consistently low, indicating the presence of cellular immunodeficiency state. Serum anti-HTLV-I antibody was markedly increased but he did not have HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM). He had no underlying disease which would cause immunodeficiency state such as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) or HIV infection. We concluded that the HTLV-I carrier state induced his immunodeficiency. During the course, he developed retrobulbar neuritis. T2 weighted cranial MRI revealed high signal lesions in the bilateral corona radiata, posterior limb of the internal capsule, and the pontine base, corresponding to the location of the pyramidal tracts. His hospital course was complicated by opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus infections, and meningitis, and died of multiple organ failure 7 months after the admission. Cellular immunodeficiencies in ATL patients are well known. Intracranial central nervous system (CNS) lesions in HAM patients are also mentioned. Recently coincidence of ATL and HAM in the same patients has also been reported. Asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers may have a latent immunodeficiency state and/or CNS lesions. We shall have to be alert about the presence of such carriers.
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PMID:[A patient with marked immunodeficiency in an HTLV-I carrier: a case report]. 1083 33

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) developed in a boy receiving FK506 (tacrolimus) after liver transplantation. He had no history of convulsions. At the age of 7, he underwent liver transplantation 13 days after he developed the abdominal form (fulminant hepatitis) of Wilson's disease. On postoperative day 18, he had a generalized tonic seizure (duration 20 min.) with loss of consciousness. FK506 was discontinued under the suspicion of FK506-induced encephalopathy. His symptoms resolved within a few days. FK506 was readministered at 3 months after transplantation. Ten months later, he developed complex partial seizures characterized by right tonic posturing with oral automatism. EEG revealed sporadic spikes in the anterior temporal region. MRI and SPECT showed bilateral (left side dominant) hippocampal lesion, which suggested the diagnosis of MTLE. Since seizures became refractory to medical treatment with progressive worsening of memory functions, FK506 was discontinued again at 36 months after readministration. Six months later, his memory improved remarkably, but there were no changes in seizure frequency and in MRI and SPECT findings. Our findings indicate that FK506 might damage the hippocampus, thereby causing MTLE. Additional case reports, however, will be required to elucidate this new FK506-related neurological complication.
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PMID:[Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a patient with Wilson's disease receiving FK506 (tacrolimus) after liver transplantation]. 1149 78

The purpose of this study was to describe the magnetic resonance imaging findings of granulomatous hepatitis on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and postgadolinium images. Eight patients with histopathological diagnosis of granulomatous hepatitis were evaluated in this study. MRI examinations included precontrast T1-weighted breath-hold spoiled gradient echo, breathing independent STIR sequences, and T1-weighted breath-hold spoiled gradient-echo sequence following after i.v. gadolinium administration in arterial, intermediate and late phases. Diffuse nodular liver involvement was visualized in all patients. Nodules were consistent with granulomas and were 0.5-4.5 cm in diameter. Caseating granulomas were intermediate and high signal on T2-weighted, low signal on T1-weighted images. They revealed no enhancement in two patients, and enhanced in one patient. Noncaseating granulomas revealed intermediate signal on T1, and T2-weighted images and increased enhancement on arterial phase images with persisting enhancement in late phase images. Portal lymph nodes were visible in five patients. Splenomegaly was present in five patients. Granulomatous hepatitis has spectrum of MRI features, to be considered in differential diagnosis with other diffuse nodular liver pathologies.
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PMID:Granulomatous hepatitis: MRI findings. 1171 Dec 35

We report herein a case (46 years, female) of very early idiopathic portal hypertension. During an examination for in situ uterine cervical cancer, splenomegaly and hypersplenism were incidentally found. CT and MRI showed a nonatrophic liver with dilated portal veins and marked splenomegaly. The portal venous blood flow was increased, while portal venous blood pressure was not high. The spleen (1,220 g) showed hyperplasia of white pulp and congestion. The lobular architecture of the liver was well-preserved, and the subcapsular regions were not atrophic or dropped out. The portal tracts were not fibrotic, and portal veins were neither stenotic nor sclerotic. Instead, lymphoid cell infiltrations were found in about half the portal tracts, and there was subendothelial mononuclear cell infiltration of small portal vein branches. The hepatic lobules showed non-specific reactive change. This case suggests that early hepatic changes recognizable histologically in this disease are lymphoid cell infiltration of the portal tract and of subendothelial regions of portal vein branches, and nonspecific lobular hepatitis. These hepatic changes, as well as marked splenomegaly, may represent an altered immunophenomenon of this disease.
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PMID:A case report of early idiopathic portal hypertension. 1177 20

Primary and secondary malignant liver cancer are some of most common malignant tumors in the world. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not very effective against them. Surgical resection has been considered the only potentially curtive option, but the majority of patients are not candidates for resection because of tumor size, location near major intrahepatic blood vessels and bile ducts, precluding a margin-negative resection, cirrhotic, hepatitis virus infection or multifocial. Radiofrequence ablation (RFA), which is a new evolving effective and minimally invasive technique, can produce coagulative necrosis of malignant tumors. RFA should be used percutaneously, laparascopically, or during the open laparotomy under the guidance of ultrasound, CT scan and MRI. RFA has lots of advantages superior to other local therapies including lower complications, reduced costs and hospital stays, and the possibility of repeated treatment. In general, RFA is a safe, effective treatment for unresectable malignant liver tumors less than 7.0 cm in diameter. We review the principle, mechanism, procedures and experience with RFA for treating malignant liver tumors.
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PMID:Radiofrequence ablation of liver cancers. 1204 57

The authors describe the neurological presentation and CT/MRI findings in 4 patients exposed to overdoses of decoctions of two different Chinese herbs. Case 1, a 15-year-old boy, ingested herba serissae along with the safe-dosage Salvia miltiorrhiza for treating a left renal stone. Sophora subprostrata root (SSR) was primarily used for treating three other diseases: viral B hepatitis in case 2, a 9-year-old boy; infection of the throat and a low fever in case 3, a 11-year-old girl, and a minor facial infection in case 4, a 12-year-old boy. All patients showed complex neurological manifestations primarily including convulsions, mental changes and dystonia syndromes. Their CT and/or MRI revealed abnormal density lesions in the striatum and globus pallidus bilaterally. They excluded the possibility of Wilson's disease in each of the 4 patients and suggested that overdosage of SSR and herba serissae could cause intoxications of the central nervous system, particularly damage to the basal ganglia. Chemically, coumarin (case 1) and matrine and oxymatrine (cases 2-4) in the two medicinal herbs are suggested to be possibly responsible for the morbidity.
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PMID:Movement disorders possibly induced by traditional chinese herbs. 1453 Jun 21


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