Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Persistent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces an immuno-suppressive state and therefore malignant tumors are a very common complication. Hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare, however, because it is associated with chronic liver disease by the persistent infection of hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV). We reported a case of HCC with HIV infection who had no evidence of HBV or HCV infection, and that had a rapid growth and active pulmonary metastases. Pathological findings of the resected liver showed moderately differentiated HCC and no chronic liver disease. Despite efforts to find potential HBV integration in tumor and non-tumor tissue, none was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of HCC in HIV-infected patient with no evidence of hepatitis virus infection.
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PMID:A case of hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-infected patient. 888 41

Recently, an RNA virus member of the flaviviridae, GBVirus C(GBV-C) was isolated from the serum of patient with cryptogenic hepatitis, but clinical significance for this virus has been not known now. To estimate the prevalence of GBV-C, we investigated the presence of GBV-C RNA by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction in the serum from various liver disease patients. The results were summarized as follows: [Table: see text] Among these, only 5 patients gave positive results, and these 5 cases had the history of blood transfusion before. Especially both non B non C HCC patient and non A non B non C fulminant hepatitis patient were negative for GBV-C on admission, while positive after blood transfusion as treatment. In the non B non C HCC patient, GBV-C RNA persisted over a period of several months after transfusion, while no remarkable elevation of ALT was observed. These results demonstrated that GBV-C/HGV may be transfusion-transmissible, and may not associated with severe chronic liver disease such as liver cirrhosis or HCC.
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PMID:[Detection of GBV-C RNA among non B non C hepatocellular carcinoma patients]. 908 62

Viral hepatitis belongs to the most important infectious diseases worldwide. More than 300 million chronic HBsAg carriers and chronic HCV carriers exist, respectively. High endemic areas of viral hepatitis are Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Near, Middle and Far East. Viral hepatitis is also very important in health care workers. Today viral hepatitis can be differentiated from type A to type E (G) based on immunological and molecular assays. While enterally transmitted hepatitis type A and type E only induce acute and rare fulminant disease, hepatitis type B, C and D often induce chronic progressive disease including liver cirrhosis with typical complications due to the portal hypertension and with a high rate of association with the development of primary liver cancer (HCC). This review focusses on viral hepatitis-related surgical problems, including liver transplantation.
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PMID:[Surgery in hepatitis]. 965 56

Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children is commonly associated with Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seropositivity and histologic features of minimal to moderate hepatitis. Remission of liver disease is the rule following HBeAg to antiHBe seroconversion and clearance of HBV DNA from serum. In intermediate and low endemicity areas chronic HBV infection is usually acquired postnatally, and more than 80% of children are likely to achieve stable remission during the pediatric age. Severe sequelae, namely cirrhosis and HCC, have been observed only in less than 4% of children followed over two decades. In all cases cirrhosis was an early complication. Chronic HCV infection is usually silent in children. The chronicity rate seems to be high (50-80%) in post-transfusion hepatitis C as well as in perinatally acquired infection. HCV-associated liver disease is characterized by fluctuations of ALT which remain below two times the normal in about half of the cases. Liver histology shows minimal to mild hepatitis in the large majority of patients and cirrhosis is rare. Few patients achieve spontaneous remission and progression to a more severe liver disease might occur in adult life.
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PMID:Natural history of chronic viral hepatitis in childhood. 965 8

The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine the prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection among subjects positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) living in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, and (2) to clarify the relationship between HDV-RNA level and severity of HDV-related liver disease. One hundred and ninety-nine HBsAg-positive subjects (123 asymptomatic carriers [ASCs], 3 patients with acute hepatitis [AH], 50 patients with chronic hepatitis [CH], 15 patients with liver cirrhosis [LC], and 8 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], were tested for antibody to HDV (anti-HDV) by radioimmunoassay. Anti-HDV-positive individuals were examined to determine semi-quantified HDV-RNA level by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall prevalence of anti-HDV among the 199 subjects was 21.1%. The positivity rate tended to increase with age or the severity of the underlying liver disease: anti-HDV-positive rates were 10.6% (13/123) in ASCs, 32.0% (16/50) in patients with CH, 40.0% (6/15) in patients with LC, and 87.5% (7/8) in patients with HCC. None of the patients with AH were positive for anti-HDV. There was no correlation between semi-quantified serum HDV-RNA levels and the severity of chronic liver disease in patients positive for anti-HDV. The present study showed the local spread of HDV infection in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa, Japan. Although the anti-HDV positivity rate tended to increase with the severity of the underlying liver disease, the severity of HDV-related liver disease did not correlate with the semi-quantified serum HDV-RNA level.
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PMID:Prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis delta virus infection in the Miyako Islands, Okinawa, Japan. 985 58

It is clear that certain patients with viral hepatitis are also seronegative for types A, B, C, D, and E. Although hepatitis G virus was discovered recently, this virus has been reported to be non-contributing or only slightly conductive to liver dysfunction. In this article, epidemiological studies regarding patients seronegative for types A to G chronic hepatitis in Japan are reported. Among 1089 patients with chronic liver disease, twenty-five patients (1.8%; 14 chronic hepatitis, 4 cirrhosis, 2 hepatocellular carcinoma) were diagnosed as non A-G hepatitis (negative for HbsAg, HCV-Ab, and HGV RNA). Only 3 of 25 these patients had histories of blood transfusion. The levels of transaminase in the patients with chronic non-A to G hepatitis (without hepatocellular carcinoma) was as the same as those in patients with chronic hepatitis type B and C. Our results indicated a low prevalence of non-A to G chronic hepatitis, yet a few cases were progressive to cirrhosis or HCC, and this may be due to another unknown agents for non-A to G hepatitis.
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PMID:[Non A-G chronic hepatitis in Japan]. 1039 Sep 81

The sera of patients with liver disease associated with non-A to G hepatitis were examined for the presence of TTV DNA. These patients included 18 cases with AH, 8 cases with CH, 6 cases with LC, 4 cases with HCC, and 36 cases with blood donors. The detection of TTV DNA was performed as described by Nishizawa et al. TTV DNA was detected in 60.0%, 62.5%, 66%, 50%, 28% of the patients with AH, CH, LC and HCC, respectively. Among the patients with AH, the aminotransferases and total bilirubin values were lower in the TTV DNA-positive than -negative patients. Among the patients with chronic liver disease, however, there were no differences in the blood chemistry results between the TTV DNA-positive and -negative patients. The histological study of the liver tissues from a TTV positive patient with CH showed no evidence of necro-inflammatory reaction, although there was evidence of irregular regeneration in the TTV DNA-positive a patient. These results suggest that TTV infection may modify the pathological condition of the liver disease.
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PMID:[Incidence of TT virus infection in patients with non-A to G liver disease]. 1039 Sep 85

TT virus(TTV) was recently reported as candidate for a new hepatitis virus from post transfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology. In the present study, influence of TTV superinfection on acute hepatitis B was analyzed. TTV DNA was detected in sera from 10 of 44(23%) patients with acute hepatitis B, but prevalence was comparable with normal blood donor. It was unlikely that TTV superinfection affected clinical course of acute hepatitis B. In cases of TTV superinfection on hepatitis B, T. Bil and ALT values were higher than in cases of non-superinfected patients. Furthermore, HCC was appearanced in a patient of recover from acute hepatitis B.
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PMID:[TTV superinfection on acute hepatitis B]. 1039 Sep 92

Hepatitis-B viral (HBV) infection and schistosomiasis are among the most common causes of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma; HCC) in Egypt. The present study investigates the effects of both infectious diseases and other demographical and environmental factors on the risk of HCC among a representative group of Egyptian patients with HCC (n = 102) and controls with no signs of hepatopathology (n = 96). Factors associated with an increased risk of HCC in Egypt were age over 60 yrs-old, farming, cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to chemicals such as pesticides. However, schistosomiasis (relative risk, RR: 5.22; 95% confidence intervals, C.I.: 2.93-9.31) and HBV infection (RR: 12.51; 95% C.I.: 6.11-25.59) were the major risk factors in the development of HCC. Schistosomiasis increased the severity of HBV infection and elevated the risk of HCC over that associated with the HBV infection alone. Understanding these relationships may enable us to determine the susceptibility to HCC among high risk groups and to provide these individuals with effective measures for early prevention or intervention.
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PMID:Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt: the role of hepatitis-B viral infection and schistosomiasis. 1065 Aug 11

To study the infection status of GBV-C virus among HBV, HCV, nonA-E and HCC patients, serum of clinical hepatitis patients and HCC patients before operation, and the composition in/beside HCC were collected to examine HGV RNA of the samples, using HGV RT-PCR method. Results showed that among the clinical patients with HBV, HCV, nonA-E and HCC, HGV infection rates were 9% (12/130), 10% (3/30), 17% (4/24), 0% (0/24) respectively, suggesting that HGV is a hepatitis virus with pervasive existence and has high superimposition infection rate with HBV and HCV but with little connection with HCC.
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PMID:[Infection of GBV-C virus among hepatitis and HCC patients]. 1092 Nov 16


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