Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in plasma or serum were studied in 416 patients with liver diseases: acute hepatitis (AH, n = 30); fulminant hepatitis (FH, n = 36); chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH, n = 57); chronic active hepatitis (CAH, n = 39); compensated liver cirrhosis (cLC, n = 78); decompensated liver cirrhosis (dLC, n = 84); hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 64); advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC, n = 28); and compared with that of a control group (n = 106) of healthy subjects. The t-PA levels showed significant increase in patients with AH, FH, CAH, cLC, dLC and HCC, compared with normal controls. The abnormal rates in t-PA levels (higher than 8.3 ng/ml) for each type of liver diseases were 86.1% in FH, 46.2% in CAH, 50% in cLC, 85.7% in dLC, 67.2% in HCC, and 89.3% in aHCC. t-PA levels tended to be higher in more advanced liver diseases. t-PA levels significantly correlated positively with plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in AH, cLC, dLC, HCC and aHCC, and negatively with plasmin alpha 1-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), plasminogen (Plg), FDP, AT III and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) in dLC, prothrombin time (PT) and fibrinogen (Fbg) in HCC. t-PA levels in patients with FH, CAH and dLC were significantly higher than those in patients with AH, CIH and cLC, respectively. Moreover, the changes of t-PA levels in the clinical courses of various liver diseases revealed that t-PA levels increased sensitively with progression of liver diseases or in advanced liver diseases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in patients with liver diseases. 131 84

Some complications of liver transplantation appear as aspecific clinical and blood test abnormalities; others--e.g., hepatic artery thrombosis in the immediate postoperative period and stenosis of the biliary anastomosis before T-tube removal--require early diagnosis. These considerations justify the need of frequent radiologic examination in both the complicated course and the follow-up. The authors report their experience in 59 adult patients submitted to liver transplantation for irreversible liver disease in advanced stage (49 with cirrhosis, 10 with HCC; 5 with cholestatic hepatopathy; 3 with fulminant hepatitis; 1 with Budd-Chiari syndrome; 1 with metastatic APUDoma). Two hundred and sixty-three radiological examinations were performed (Doppler US, CT, angiography and cholangiography) which showed numerous early and delayed complications: 13 of them were treated with interventional radiology maneuvers (US-or CT-guided percutaneous drainage of fluid collections, biliary drainage, bilioplasty, arterial transcatheter embolization). Our results demonstrate that diagnostic and operative radiology are essential for the success of liver transplantation; integrated imaging is particularly important in the diagnosis of complications, while interventional radiology techniques can be usefully employed in their treatment.
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PMID:[Liver transplantation: role of the radiologic methods in the postoperative period]. 145 22

Hepatitis viruses, particularly HBV and HCV, are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, due to the induction of chronic liver disease and of cirrhotic transformation of the liver. Cirrhosis certainly represents the most important link between chronic viral hepatitis and HCC. Under these circumstances, risk of HCC development in chronic HBV and HCV infection is strictly dependent on the propensity to cirrhotic transformation. Intervention of other, more direct, molecular events induced by the virus itself are suspected, particularly for HBV which is able to integrate into the host genome, but not yet incontrovertibly proved.
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PMID:Hepatitis viruses as aetiological agents of hepatocellular carcinoma. 166 Mar 32

To investigate the epidemiology of HCV in Taiwan, anti-HCV was studied by radioimmunoassay or enzyme immunoassay in patients with chronic liver disease, healthy adults, and subjects at risk. The anti-HCV prevalence was 0.95% in 420 volunteer blood donors, 90% in 100 hemophiliacs and 81% in 58 parenteral drug abusers. Anti-HCV was present in 6 (7.7%) of 78 HBsAg-positive and 28 (65%) of 43 HBsAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis, 3 (10%) of 31 HBsAg-positive and 13 (43%) of 30 HBsAg-negative cirrhotics, and 7 (17%) of 42 HBsAg-positive and 15 (63%) of 24 HBsAg-negative patients with HCC. An outbreak of non-A, non-B hepatitis revealed 18% of 57 patients to be positive for anti-HCV. In a prospective study of PTH, 37 or 13% patients contracted hepatitis and 22 (60%) were due to HCV, and at least 17 (77%) of them became chronic. Cloning of HCV genome in a Taiwanese patient with acute posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed, and partial characterization of the nucleotide sequences showed 80% and 92% homology as compared to HCV sequences from Chiron and one of the published Japanese isolates, respectively. It is concluded that HCV infection plays a relatively minor role in HBsAg-positive liver decrease in Taiwan, but is strongly associated with HBsAg-negative chronic liver disease and HCC. It is also important in PTH, and the infection is extremely common in hemophiliacs and parenteral drug abusers. The Taiwanese strain of HCV seems more similar to that from Japan, as revealed by nucleotide sequences.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan. 190 59

Anti-HD antibody was not detected in 342 patients with acute type B hepatitis including 8 patients with fulminant hepatitis. Anti-HD antibody was detected in 10 out of 1668 HBV carriers. The overall prevalence was 0.59 percent. Two (0.34%) out of 586 ASC, 3 (0.43%) out of 690 patients with CH and 5 (1.47%) out of 338 patients with LC were positive for anti-HD antibody. No anti-HD antibody was detected in sera of 54 patients with HCC. The prevalence of anti-HD antibody was relatively high in patients with LC, however, HDV infection was relatively rare in Japan and it does not always play a major role in progression of liver disease. The prevalence of HDV infection in HBV carriers has not changed in Japan during the last ten years (1.3% vs. 1.49%).
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PMID:Epidemiology of HDV infection in Japan. 202 Jul 25

The present study was undertaken to elucidate clinicopathological findings and operative results of HCC with HB-associated cirrhosis, compared with those in HCC patients with alcoholic and post-transfusion cirrhosis. The number of the HBV group was 26 cases, consisting of 17 in sAg(+), 4 in eAg(+) and 5 in eAb(+) subgroups. The number of the post-transfusion group was 7 and that of alcoholic group was 12. A high incidence of hypersplenism and esophageal varix in the eAg(+) subgroup was found. ICG R15 was the highest, KICG and ICG Rmax were the lowest in the eAg(+) subgroup. The mean diameter of tumors was the largest, 6.6 +/- 3.9 cm, in the sAg(+) subgroup and was the smallest, 2.2 +/- 1.7 cm, in the eAg(+) subgroup. The incidence of postoperative jaundice, hyperammoninemia and live dysfunction were the highest in the sAg(+) and eAg(+) subgroup. One and three-year survival rate were 76.9% and 48.1% in the sAg(+) subgroup, 60.0% and 30.0% in the eAb(+) subgroup, and the one-year survival rate in the eAg(+) subgroup was 50.0%. The three-year survival rate could not be calculated because 3 years had not passed since the operation. The prognosis was the poorest in the HBV group among all groups. This study suggests that in HBV-associated cirrhosis, hepatectomy might induce "acute on chronic" changes (acute hepatitis and fulminant hepatitis). Therefore we should select operative procedures by considering surgical risk and the etiology of liver cirrhosis in hepatectomy.
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PMID:Clinicopathological studies and operative results of hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis, comparing HB-associated cirrhosis to alcoholic and post-transfusion cirrhosis. 215 51

During the last eighteen years (1970-1987) at the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the University of Pavia, Ospedale Policlinico S. Matteo, IRCCS, Pavia (referral Center for hepatitis in our district: 502534 inhabitants) we observed 4238 patients (2706 M = 63.8%; 1532 F = 36.2%) admitted with presumptive diagnosis of hepatitis. The male to female sex ratio was 1.78 and average age was 38 (1-90) years. Acute viral hepatitis was diagnosed in 3238 patients (76.4%), 1960 of which were males (60.5%) and 1278 (39.5%) females, with an average age of 35 (1-88) years. The possible route of transmission was: drug addition in 487 patients (15%), blood transfusion in 464 (14.3%), other (sexual, professional, familiar) in 332 (10.3%), unknown in 1955 (60.4%). Chronic hepatitis (CH) was diagnosed according to the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) and to the International Association for the Study of the Liver (IASL) in 848 patients (20%), 704 M(83%) and 144 F (17%) with an average age of 48 (2-90) years. 463 patients (54.5%) were biopsied during admission, 385 (45.5%) received definitive diagnosis by clinical and previous histologic records. CAH was found in 268 (57.9%), CPH in 161 (34.8%) and CLH in 20 (4.3%) patients. Other liver diseases (steatosis, cirrhosis, HCC) were identified in 152 subjects (3%). The prevalence of A, B, NANB and Delta hepatitis virus and HI virus in the acute disease was respectively of 5.4%, 54.8%, 33.9%, 0.28% and 0.77%. In CH the HBV aetiology accounted for 49.1%, NANB virus for 44.5%, co/super infection with HDV for 15%. Among factors involved in pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis we focused attention on drug addition which was found in 129 (28.7%) patients, blood transfusion in 70 (15.6%), HIV infection in 35 of 166 (21.1%). The data still demonstrate the high prevalence of HBV aetiology of CH and existence of co-factors in the pathogenesis of chronicity. The lack of markers for NANB infection persists as the main problem in the diagnosis of liver disease. This work was supported by grant 40% from M.P.I.: "Epatiti virali acute e croniche"....
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PMID:The spectrum of chronic hepatitis in the last two decades in a university hospital for infectious diseases. 249 35

To investigate the predictive value of oral glucose tolerance test (O-GTT) and insulin secretion test (IST) on the risk of hepatectomy in liver cancer patients, we through double-blind method, compared the results of these two tests, clinical course of the patients, and the pathological findings. It was found that: 1) The positive prediction value, negative prediction value, and accuracy of O-GTT were 79.2%, 94.4%, and 85.7%, the corresponding figures of IST were 55.6%, 100%, and 61.9%, respectively. 2) Pattern of the curve of O-GTT believed to depend on roughly normal hepatic energy metabolism and islet secretion capacity suggested better tolerance for hepatectomy. 3) A part of the patients with advanced HCC had a depressed islet secretion capacity. 4) The delta IST/delta O-GTT showed an accurate negative prediction for hepatectomy when the ratio was less than 50 x 10(-9). 5) Apart from O-GTT and delta IST/delta O-GTT, the severity of the hepatitis and cirrhosis should be taken into account in the decision of carrying out hepatectomy.
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PMID:[The glucose tolerance test and insulin secretion test as risk factors in liver cancer surgery]. 256 Oct 96

The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study is a large-scale vaccination project in The Gambia, initiated in July 1986, in which the introduction of national hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination of young infants progressively over a 4-year period is proposed. During this time it is anticipated that about 600,000 infants will receive a course of HBV vaccine and a similar number will not receive the vaccine. All children in the study will receive the normal childhood vaccinations. Identification data for each child will be collected and stored with information on their vaccination records. A national surveillance system will be set up to detect new cases of hepatocellular cancer and other chronic liver diseases over a period of 30 to 40 years. An attempt will be made to trace each case, of relevant age, to determine if they are included in the HBV vaccination study. In this way, the efficacy of HBV vaccine in the prevention of HCC and chronic liver diseases will be evaluated. Details of the study design are discussed.
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PMID:The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study. The Gambia Hepatitis Study Group. 282 33

Recent reports have demonstrated the possibility of using ultrasound to detect hepatocellular carcinomas under 3 cm (small HCC). Our aim was to assess the incidence of small HCC in an Italian ultrasonographic series. Among 17,133 scans of unselected patients, we detected 85 HCC, 9 of which were under 3 cm. All patients had cirrhosis and 6 were HBsAg positive. An echo-guided biopsy was performed in all cases, and the diagnosis was always correct. We conclude that echographic follow-up is warranted in Italy for cases at risk for HCC such as HBsAg+ cirrhotics and patients with chronic aggressive HBsAg+ hepatitis older than 35, in agreement with the reports of Far Eastern authors.
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PMID:Small hepatocellular carcinoma: an Italian experience. 303 16


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