Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The peplomer gene of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strain 79-1146 was isolated from a genomic cDNA library by differential hybridization with RNA 2 and 3 as probes. From the nucleotide sequence a primary translation product of 1452 residues (Mr 160,472) was predicted, containing an N-terminal signal sequence, a C-terminal transmembrane segment and 35 potential N-linked glycosylation sites. By S1 nuclease analysis the 5' end of the presumptive RNA 2 body was located at about 30 nucleotides upstream from the initiating AUG codon. At approximately the same position a nine nucleotide sequence ACUAAACUU was found, which was also present 37 nucleotides downstream from the open reading frame. Comparison of the sequences of the FIPV, murine hepatitis virus and infectious bronchitis virus peplomer proteins showed about 27% overall homology, with most conservation in the C-terminal half.
J Gen Virol 1987 Oct
PMID:cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding the peplomer protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus. 331 91

The number and size of proteins associated with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) from serum and liver (human, chimpanzee and woodchuck) in the acute and chronic stages of HDV infection were analysed by immunoblotting. HDV particles in serum were separated from serum proteins by gel filtration and peak fractions of HDV antigens were subjected to PAGE. Immunoblotting with human anti-HDV-positive sera and 125I-labelled Protein A revealed two bands of 27K and 29K. It was not possible to identify any core-like structure from liver homogenates by CsCl gradient centrifugation. HDV proteins from such gradients were degraded to a size of 14K as determined by immunoblotting. HDV RNA was found in fractions at a density of 1.5 g/ml. However, direct homogenization of liver tissue in gel electrophoresis sample buffer, followed by PAGE and immunoblotting resulted in identification of HDV-associated proteins of 27K and 29K, indicating that HDV proteins in liver tissue are the same size as those in serum, but that they degrade rapidly. There was no difference in size of HDV proteins in liver samples from humans, chimpanzees or woodchucks.
J Gen Virol 1987 Nov
PMID:Characterization of proteins associated with hepatitis delta virus. 331 87

In a multicenter placebo-controlled study, the safety, side effects, and patient acceptance of alprazolam for the treatment of panic disorder and agoraphobia were examined. A total of 525 patients meeting DSM-III criteria for agoraphobia with panic attacks or panic disorder were randomly assigned to receive alprazolam or placebo, which they took for eight weeks. The mean daily dose at the end of the study was 5.7 mg of alprazolam or 7.5 capsules of placebo daily. Potentially serious reactions to alprazolam occurred in ten of 263 subjects who received the drug. These included acute intoxication (three), hepatitis (two), mania (two), amnesia (one), aggressive behavior (one), and depression (one). Treatment-related side effects that were worse in patients taking alprazolam than in those taking placebo included sedation, fatigue, ataxia, slurred speech, and amnesia. Sedation was the most frequent but tended to subside with dose reduction or continued administration of the drug. Patient acceptance of alprazolam, as measured by the rate of completion for study participants, was high. Eighty-four percent of patients receiving active drug completed the study compared with 50% receiving placebo.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988 May
PMID:Alprazolam in panic disorder and agoraphobia: results from a multicenter trial. II. Patient acceptance, side effects, and safety. 335 44

A 12-month prospective survey was undertaken of all 239 problem drug users known to general practitioners in Bristol and the doctors' attitudes towards them. The drug users were predominantly young, aged 15-35 years, and males outnumbered females by approximately two to one. Seventy-eight per cent had problems associated with opiates, almost invariably heroin, 10% had problems with stimulants (mainly amphetamine powder), and others had problems with hallucinogens, cannabis, barbiturates and solvents. Opiate dependence was the commonest single problem but ill health, hepatitis, psychiatric illnesses, relationship problems, work and financial difficulties were also frequently mentioned.There was a wide variation in the numbers of problem drug users seen by individual practices, which related both to the situation of the practice and the widely varying attitudes of the partners towards drug users and drug problems. General practitioners were aware of the grapevine that transmits news of their treatment to other users, and individual practices had typically evolved a general strategy for all drug users, to minimize arguments. General practitioners were asked their views about specialist services: they thought that services in the area for drug users were inadequate to help them and their patients in 58% of cases. Several suggestions were made for additional services which were needed.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1987 Jun
PMID:Problem drug users known to Bristol general practitioners. 344 14

Primary cultures of non-proliferating hepatocytes isolated by the two-step collagenase perfusion method from woodchuck naturally infected with hepatitis virus (WHV) were used to study WHV propagation in vitro. Hepatocytes carrying WHV DNA exhibited a very high level of survival and retained their morphological characteristics for 2 to 3 months. Over this time, they were found to produce virus-specific proteins and release viral particles with DNA polymerase activity into the medium. Using Southern blot analysis and a recombinant hepatitis B virus DNA plasmid probe, intracellular and extracellular viral DNA was consistently detected. Only extrachromosomal forms of WHV DNA were observed and no integration could be demonstrated in the DNA of the cells. The WHV DNA patterns were repeatedly identical with a characteristic smear starting from 3.3 kb associated with other smaller DNA fragments which presumably represented intermediate replicative forms of viral DNA. Furthermore, dot blot hybridization of the total RNA revealed the presence of WHV-specific transcripts in cells after 3 weeks of culture. All these results are compatible with the maintenance of active WHV replication in vitro although it was somewhat reduced after the first day of culture. This provides a mammalian model for hepadnavirus replication studies in stable primary hepatocyte cultures.
J Gen Virol 1987 Apr
PMID:Maintenance of woodchuck hepatitis virus activity in woodchuck hepatocyte primary culture. 357 56

The Quebec isolate of bovine coronavirus (BCV) was found to contain four unique major structural proteins. These proteins consisted of the peplomeric protein (gp190/E2, gp100/E2), the nucleocapsid protein (p53/N) and its apparent trimer (p160/N), a family of small matrix glycoproteins (gp26/E1, gp25/E1 and p23/E1) and the putative haemagglutinin (gp124/E3). Pulse-chase experiments utilizing polyclonal antiserum and monoclonal antibodies indicated that the unique BCV E3 protein had its primary precursor an N-linked glycoprotein with an Mr of 59,000 (gp59) which underwent rapid dimerization by disulphide bond formation to yield gp118. Further glycosylation of gp118 produced gp124/E3 which incorporated fucose. Thus gp124/E3 was probably a homodimer. The processing of the E2 and E1 proteins of BCV was similar to that shown previously for mouse hepatitis virus. A large N-linked precursor glycoprotein, gp170, underwent further glycosylation to yield gp190/E2 before subsequent proteolytic cleavage to yield gp100/E2. The glycosylated E1 (gp26, gp25) proteins arose as a result of O-linked glycosylation of p23/E1 as indicated by the resistance of these species to tunicamycin.
J Gen Virol 1987 Nov
PMID:Structural proteins of bovine coronavirus and their intracellular processing. 368 Dec 66

This article reports the results of a ten-question anonymous survey given to nurses at Westchester County Medical Center in July 1983 and January 1984 concerning attitudes about caring for AIDS patients. Two-thirds of the responding nurses reported that they had friends or family express concern about associating with hospital personnel who have contact with AIDS patients. Other questions showed that between one fourth and one half of nurses have a fear of caring for homosexual men and male prisoners because of their awareness about AIDS. One half of the nurses believe that AIDS can be transmitted to hospital personnel because of contact with patients despite precautions. The fear of caring for patients with AIDS as compared to caring for patients with hepatitis, a more contagious but less serious disease than AIDS, was highest in the intensive care unit staff. Eighty-five percent of the health care personnel responding believed that pregnant nurses should not care for AIDS patients and one half of the nurses responding indicated that they would ask for a transfer if they had to care for AIDS patients on a regular basis. The implication of these findings for future treatment programs, medical and nursing education and psychologic support for staff are discussed.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1987 Jan
PMID:Survey of attitudes of nurses working with AIDS patients. 381 62

According to the localization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (HBcAg), detected by the avidin-biotin complex method, infected hepatocytes were classified into three types, i.e. those having nuclear (type I), nuclear and cytoplasmic (type II) or only cytoplasmic (type III) antigen. HBcAg-positive hepatocytes of all specimens (three) from non-specific reactive hepatitis and of most (five of seven) from chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) patients were only type I; the other two CPH samples and all (seven) chronic active hepatitis samples were composed of a mixture of types I, II and III. Linear correlations between the frequency of type I, as well as that of of all types (I, II and III) of the HBcAg-positive hepatocytes, and the amount of HBV DNA in serum were found. The relative HBV production of HBcAg-positive hepatocytes (serum HBV DNA amount/frequency of HBcAg-positive cells) was 0.11 in type I and 0.07 in all hepatocytes including types I, II and III. HBV core particles and complete HBV particles were found in type I hepatocytes. On the other hand, these particles were not found in a predominantly type III liver specimen. These results suggest that type I hepatocytes are more involved in the propagation of HBV than types II and III.
J Gen Virol 1987 Mar
PMID:Relationship between the replication of hepatitis B virus and the localization of virus nucleocapsid antigen (HBcAg) in hepatocytes. 381 1

Peritoneal macrophages were used to analyse host genetic control of mouse hepatitis virus type 4 (MHV-4) infection. Both infectious centre and immunofluorescence assays indicated that only a subset of macrophages from either susceptible (BALB, C3H or C57BL/6J) or resistant (SJL/J) mice were initially infected with MHV-4 during the first cycle of infection. However, compared to macrophages from susceptible mice, three- to sixfold fewer SJL/J macrophages were infected, and there was no amplification of virus replication by involvement of adjacent cells during the second cycle of infection. Treatment of macrophages from susceptible mice with interferon beta could not duplicate the aborted second cycle of infection that occurred in macrophages from resistant mice.
J Gen Virol 1984 Sep
PMID:Host genetic control of mouse hepatitis virus type 4 (JHM strain) replication. I. Restriction of virus amplification and spread in macrophages from resistant mice. 608 81

Infection with mouse hepatitis virus type 3 (MHV 3) of primary cultures of Kupffer and endothelial cells from the livers of resistant (A/J) and susceptible (BALB/c) mice was followed by the appearance of typical syncytia and comparable yields of virus. Using cells from A/J mice there was a delay of about 24 to 36 h in the appearance of the first particles detected by electron microscopy, the maximum viral titre and the number and size of syncytia. The partial resistance to MHV 3 multiplication expressed by cells from A/J mice was also observed when they infected with a strain of low virulence (JHM strain). The delay in MHV multiplication found in the sinusoidal liver cells, mainly in the endothelial cells, may be an important factor in their resistance, by allowing time for the local and systemic responses to clear the infective particles as well as in determining their degree of hepatotropism.
J Gen Virol 1984 Sep
PMID:Interaction between mouse hepatitis viruses and primary cultures of Kupffer and endothelial liver cells from resistant and susceptible inbred mouse strains. 608 83


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