Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allomyrina dichotoma lectin (allo A) with a specificity to beta-D-galactose was used to fractionate human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) by affinity electrophoresis. AFP from cord sera and serum of a patient with fulminant hepatitis showed single bands with a high affinity for allo A. Some patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and patients with gastric cancer and yolk sac tumor had two additional AFP bands, one weakly reactive and the other nonreactive with allo A. Patterns of AFP bands obtained with Ricinus communis agglutinin-I (RCA-I) and erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris were entirely different from those obtained with allo A. Of the two common bands reactive with RCA-I, the weakly reactive one was relatively intense in some malignant patients and the strongly reactive one was detected in patients with extrahepatic tumors. Thus, affinity electrophoresis with those lectins provides a potentially useful adjunct for the discrimination between benign and malignant conditions with increased serum levels of AFP.
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PMID:Allomyrina dichotoma lectin-nonreactive alpha-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma and other tumors: comparison with Ricinus communis agglutinin-I. 242 91

Affinity electrophoresis of human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) with the erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin of Phaseolus vulgaris (E-PHA) gave up to five resolved bands (y, h, i, l and a; given in the order of decreasing affinity for E-PHA); band a having no affinity and bands y and h representing asialo-AFP's. The proportion of band y increased in extrahepatic tumors producing AFP, including yolk sac tumor, and of band h, in addition, in hepatocellular carcinoma. The proportion of either band y or h (or y + h) increased, over the means plus 2 standard deviations of the respective bands of cord serum AFP, in 20 out of 25 cases (80%) of hepatocellular carcinoma, including cell lines, and in all the patients with extrahepatic malignancy. Band i was detected in more than half the cases with malignancy, although the extent of its increases was much less. Band a appeared only in limited cases. None of the hepatitis and cirrhotic patients showed increased proportions of band y or h (or y + h), indicating the usefulness of the determination of asialo-AFP for the discrimination between benign and malignant liver diseases.
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PMID:Increased asialo-alpha-fetoprotein in patients with alpha-fetoprotein-producing tumors: demonstration by affinity electrophoresis with erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin of Phaseolus vulgaris lectin. 242 56

Two types of clinical events, acute exacerbation and uneventful course, precede spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion to its antibody (anti-HBe) in chronic type B hepatitis. To examine the possible mechanism responsible for these two types of clinical events, serial serum specimens from 75 patients who underwent spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion were assayed for hepatitis B virus DNA by slot blot hybridization with 32P-labeled cloned hepatitis B virus DNA as probe. Of these 75 patients, 47 (62.7%) had episodes of acute exacerbation (ALT greater than 300 IU per liter) within 3 months prior to HBeAg seroconversion. All of these 47 patients had high hepatitis B virus DNA levels (greater than 1,000 pg per ml) at the onset of acute exacerbation. Their serum hepatitis B virus DNA disappears shortly before or simultaneously with the HBeAg clearance in 27 patients (57.4%) and persisted but with decreasing levels for 2 to 40 months in 20 patients. Most of these patients had high alpha-fetoprotein levels or evidence of bridging hepatic necrosis. In contrast, the serum hepatitis B virus DNA was undetectable for a minimum of 3 (3-17) months in the 28 patients who had an uneventful course before HBeAg seroconversion. Twenty of these 28 patients had well-documented episodes of acute exacerbation with high hepatitis B virus DNA levels, but with normal alpha-fetoprotein and little evidence of extensive necrosis as far back as 6 to 27 months before HBeAg seroconversion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Changes of serum hepatitis B virus DNA in two types of clinical events preceding spontaneous hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic type B hepatitis. 243 1

The incidence, clinicopathological features and etiology of acute exacerbation occurring in patients with chronic type B hepatitis were assessed prospectively among 385 patients who had HBeAg and 279 who had anti-HBe in serum. During an average follow-up of 23.5 months, acute exacerbations occurred in 197 HBeAg-positive patients and in 56 anti-HBe positive patients, with a calculated annual incidence of 28.6 and 10.3%, respectively (p less than 0.001). The clinical and laboratory findings of acute exacerbations were similar in the HBeAg-positive and anti-HBe positive patients. The mean serum bilirubin and alpha-fetoprotein levels were higher in anti-HBe positive patients (p less than 0.01), but actual differences were small. The histologic features of acute exacerbations were also similar in the HBeAg-positive patients and anti-HBe positive patients. Lobular alterations were the main histologic findings; in addition, one-fourth of patients had bridging necrosis and one-fourth had piecemeal necrosis. Spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis B was the major cause of these exacerbations in both HBeAg-positive patients (91.5%) as well as anti-HBe positive patients (62.5%). Hepatitis delta virus superinfection accounted for a higher percentage of exacerbations in anti-HBe positive patients (14.3%) than in HBeAg-positive cases (6.5%). Hepatitis A and possibly non-A, non-B virus superinfections also contributed to some episodes of exacerbation. Thus, acute exacerbations of disease occurred more frequently in HBeAg-positive patients than in anti-HBe positive patients with chronic type B hepatitis, but the clinicopathological features and etiologies were similar.
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PMID:Acute exacerbation in chronic type B hepatitis: comparison between HBeAg and antibody-positive patients. 243 3

Antibody profiles for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were determined on 55 serum samples collected from patients with chronic renal failure who were on long-term haemodialysis for periods ranging from 8 months to 5 years and 3 months. The exposure rates for HBV, HAV, CMV, EBV and HIV were 94.5%, 100%, 94.5%, 94.5% and 0% respectively. Among the 7 HBsAg carriers, 1 and 3 were positive for e antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe), respectively and three negative for both. These 7 carriers were also negative for anti-delta antibody. A comparison of the above antiviral profiles to those of voluntary blood donors and general population in this district revealed tht there is no difference for HBV, HAV, CMV and EBV exposure rates, VDRL, alpha-fetoprotein and CEA were also tested and the results showed no abnormalities. Only 3 patients had abnormally elevated SGOT and SGPT levels; the causes were undetermined because all of them gave positive HBV, HAV, CMV and EBV antibody profiles. In conclusion the screening of HBsAg and VDRL in the blood banks virtually eliminated possible infections of HBV and spirochate by blood transfusion and the patients with chronic renal failure who are maintained on long-term haemodialysis are generally not at higher risks of hepatitis-related viral infections.
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PMID:[Hepatitis-related viral markers in patients under long-term hemodialysis]. 245 21

A continuous cell line was established from a hepatocellular carcinoma obtained from a woodchuck that was sero-positive for woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV). The cell line, designated WH44KA, grows as an adhering monolayer with a doubling time of 36 hr in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cells not only showed epithelial origin on light and electron microscopic examination but also possess biosynthetic markers of the latter, such as albumin and alpha-fetoprotein, which were demonstrated in cultured cells. When they were transplanted into athymic nude mice, tumors developed at the site of inoculation. These tumors were shown to be hepatocellular carcinoma, similar in morphology to the original tumor from which the WH44KA cells were derived. Chromosome analysis revealed a chromosome number ranging from 31 to 126, with a modal number of 35. Integration of WHV DNA was shown by Southern blot analysis. However, WHV surface antigen was not demonstrated in the cultured cells or supernatant medium. The WH44KA cell line appears to be a useful in vitro model for the study of virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (WH44KA). 245 97

By means of staphylocoagulase, plasma des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) was measured in 255 subjects. Of these, 59 were healthy controls, 100 had primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC), 33 had cirrhosis of the liver, 16 had hepatitis, 11 had metastatic carcinoma of the liver (MCL), and 36 subjects had previously been treated with anti-vitamin K drugs. The mean plasma DCP level in the healthy subjects was 3.02 VGH U/l. Of PHC patients 80% had DCP levels greater than 6 VGH U/l, which we regarded as probably abnormal. None of the patients with benign liver diseases (cirrhosis of liver or hepatitis) had DCP greater than 10 VGH U/l. Of the patients with MCL 54.54% had DCP greater than 6 VGH U/l. In our study DCP was found to be as sensitive a tumor marker as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the diagnosis of PHC and was better in distinguishing PHC from benign liver disease. Of PHC patients 92% had at least one of the two tumor markers. Simultaneous determination of DCP and AFP should be applied in mass survey programs for detecting PHC, especially in countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection.
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PMID:Application of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin as a complementary tumor marker with alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 246 47

Pregnancy outcome was followed in 123 women showing maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein, less than or equal to 0.50 MOM. In 28 cases AFP was secondarily considered as normal either after ultrasonography and correction of gestation age or after a second sample normal result. In 95 cases AFP level was confirmed lowered; perinatal outcome was normal in 70 cases and abnormal in 25. Among these 25 cases, 3 autosomal trisomies occurred, 2 trisomies 18 and 1 trisomy 21; in the 22 other cases, we observed antepartum risk factors (10 cases with impending premature labor or premature labor, 9 cases with chronic hypertension, 2 cases with Ag HBs hepatitis and 1 case with diabetes).
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PMID:[Results of pregnancies characterized by a decrease in the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the maternal blood]. 246 77

Hepatoblastoma differs from the adult type of hepatoma in clinical and pathologic features. The ratio of fucosylation of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was determined in seven patients with hepatoblastoma and in 21 infants and children with otherwise elevated serum AFP, using the improved technique of lentil agglutinin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis. The clinical data for the seven patients with hepatoblastoma were also reviewed. The ratio of fucosylation of AFP was significantly higher in all seven patients with hepatoblastoma, whereas it was minimal in all other cases of benign hepatic conditions such as neonatal hepatitis or biliary atresia, as well as in normal newborns. The ratio of fucosylation in hepatoblastoma, however, definitely decreased with the age of the patient at presentation. This finding suggests a correlation between fucosylation and a rapid rate of tumor growth, because all hepatoblastomas are believed to originate early in fetal life.
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PMID:The ratio of fucosylation of alpha-fetoprotein in hepatoblastoma. 247 Apr 90

A sensitive new technique for lectin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis was applied to samples from 28 infants and children in order to distinguish the origin of elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in sera. This new immunoelectrophoresis was successfully performed within 24 hours in sera with AFP as small as 910 ng/mL. With combined use of concanavalin A (Con A) and lentil agglutinin (LCH) binding tests, AFPs were classified into three subtypes: benign hepatic condition type (six patients), hepatocellular carcinoma type (nine patients) and yolk sac type (12 patients). AFP was of hepatocellular carcinoma type in all seven patients with hepatoblastoma, and of benign hepatic condition type in six of seven patients with elevated AFP due to conditions such as hepatitis, biliary atresia, and normal newborn. The question as to whether AFP produced in "hepatoblastoma" is of benign hepatic condition type or hepatocellular carcinoma type was first answered by the information in this present report. The differentiation between yolk sac and general hepatic AFPs was completed with the Con A binding test.
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PMID:Three different types of alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of malignant solid tumors: use of a sensitive lectin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis. 247 22


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