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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 205 patients with alcoholic diseases of liver the diagnostic relevance of biochemical tests (GOT, GPT, AP, GGTP, BSP) was reconsidered with discriminatory process (separation of diagnosis). The group contained 16 patients with nutritional-caused and 41 cases with alcoholic-caused fatty-infiltration of liver. 148 patients showed a toxic chronic liver disease; 52 a chronic hepatitis and 96 cirrhosis of liver. Laparoscopy and morphology guaranteed the clinical diagnosis and therefore the accuracy of biochemistry in separation of diagnosis was given. The biochemical tests were not able to offer a separation of fatty-infiltration with reference to cause, changes of the process in toxic hepatitis and cirrhosis were announced. Intersection in several cases was noticed and biochemical tests were not able to substitute endoscopy and morphology for clinical and diagnostic use in all cases. In every regard the enzyme-tests,--above mentioned--, and determination of sulfobromthalein are aptly to development of diseases and deficiency of alcohol.
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PMID:[Relevance of biochemistry in diagnosis and development of alcoholic liver disease (author's transl)]. 0 20

Within the framework of a prospective study on the course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease begun in 1968, serial blind needle biopsies of the liver were carried out for the early establishment of liver involvement. In 201 needle biopsies taken in 114 patients with ulcerative colitis, normal findings were observed in 51, fatty infiltration in 24, and accompanying inflammation in 23, fatty infiltration together with a mesenchymal reaction in 8, fatty liver in 6 and sclerosing cholangitis and granulomatous hepatitis in 1 patient each. Of 69 needle biopsies taken in 45 patients with Crohn's disease we established normal findings in 13, an insignificant accompanying inflammation in 19, fatty infiltration in 5, granulomatous hepatitis in 3, fatty liver in 2, fatty liver together with a mesenchymal reaction in 2 and serum hepatitis in 1. Laboratory tests (alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT, BSP excretion) are not particularly suitable as screening tests. The diagnostic yield of serial blind needle biopsies of the liver is low and, despite the low-risk nature of the method, often dispensable. Laparoscopy, or at least blind needle biopsy of the liver, should be retained for the further clarification of serious deviations of laboratory values from the normal range, or of suspicious palpation findings.
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PMID:[Hepatic reaction in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (author's transl)]. 4 40

With the development of simplified methods of bile acid analysis, a new era has drawned in the evaluation of hepatobiliary disease. 1. A total serum bile acid particularly in the postprandial periods is more sensitive than either BSP or ICG for the detection of minimal liver disease and will become a useful screening method. 2. The ratio of chenodeoxycholate to cholate in serum together with the total concentration can often distinguish hepatitis and cirrhosis from intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis with normal liver cell parenchyma. However, in practice this is usually of less value than the total serum bile acid level. 3. Changes in serum bile acids throughout a 24 hour cycle reflect the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and the capacity of the liver to transport them. These patterns are most useful in judging the severity of cholestasis and response to resin therapy. They also provide new insights into the pathophysiology of bile acid metabolism and excretion in different diseases of the liver.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of serum bile acids. 19 97

Increased incidence of renal insufficiency is observed in severe damage of liver parenchyma such as fulminant hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis of the liver, septic cholangitis and the different forms of obstructive jaundice. Functional circulatory disturbances of the kidney, especially of the renal cortex, are of importance in the aetiology of this condition. Dopamine, at a dosage as low as 3 gamma/kg/min leads to an improvement in renal blood flow and also to an increase in hepatic blood flow. These observations are of therapeutic importance. Some important circulatory and functional parameters of both these organs, which influence each other under normal and pathological conditions, were studied in the presence of dopamine and the following results were obtained: 1. An investigation of the intrarenal haemodynamics with 133 Xenon in patients with severe cirrhosis of the liver and in patients with obstructive jaundice resulted in an increase of 91% in the mean renal blood flow. The blood flow in the renal cortex increased by 36.2% and in the renal medulla 18.5%, whereas the renal fat tissue showed no change. Compartment I, which was diminished as compared with the control value, also increased. The percentage contribution of the mean renal blood flow and the blood flow of the renal cortex towards the cardiac output was greater under the influence of dopamine; hence a greater part of the cardiac output flows into the kidney under dopamine. 2. The glomerular filtrate and the renal plasma flow increased under dopamine (13.5% and 43.1%, respectively). The increase was greater in compensated than in decompensated cirrhosis. In patients with obstructive jaundice there was a smaller increase in both these parameters than in patients with cirrhosis in the presence of dopamine. No connection was found between the increase in renal plasma flow with dopamine and the blood levels of bilirubin, cholinesterase, GOT and the Normotest. 3. The urinary output of sodium increased by 191.4% with dopamine. Patients with an initial renal plasma flow value of over 300 ml/min had a higher sodium output. These patients also eliminated more sodium under the influence of dopamine than those with an initial renal plasma flow value of under 300 ml/min. 4. Blood flow determinations in the portal vein and the hepatic artery in man, obtained during operation, showed an increase in portal flow of 28.5% and hepatic artery flow of 6.3% in response to dopamine. The percentage contribution of portal blood flow towards the cardiac output increase on dopamine administration. The functional hepatic blood flow, analyzed with 131-J-BSP, did not change. The wedged hepatic vein pressure, which is a good measure of portal pressure, increased on average by only 7% with dopamine at a dosage of 3 gamma/kg/min, but by 20.3% with twice the dosage. Dopamine did not cause a change in hepatic blood volume; hence, blood sequestration in the liver can be excluded in response to the dopamine-evoked increase in portal blood flow. 5...
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental investigations of the effect of dopamine on haemodynamics and function of kidney and liver (author's transl)]. 27 63

Twenty-one of 30 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) had evidence of liver involvement. The liver disease was characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, mild elevation of enzymes, abnormal BSP retention and low albumin levels. Histology, available in 12 patients, showed either chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis or liver cirrhosis; 44% of the patients had HBsAg or HBsAb in sera and/or cryoglobulins, confirming the high frequency of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in EMC. However, liver lesions were similar in all patients, regardless of HBV exposure. Since other factors usually associated with chronic liver diseases were absent or apparently irrelevant, it is temptative to speculate that a 'cryoglobulinemic hepatitis' may exist as a distinct syndrome. The characteristic complement profile of the patients with EMC (low CH50 and C4, normal C3PA), not related to albumin levels, can help to differentiate this disease from chronic liver disease without cryoglobulins.
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PMID:Liver involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. 54 44

7 cases of pruritus in pregnancy are reported and their laboratory findings compared with a group of normal pregnant women; then pruritus is reviewed with respect to diagnosis, pathogenesis, therapy, and prognosis. The 7 women developed pruritus in 28-38 weeks of typically the 2nd pregnancy, although during oral contraception in 1 woman. The frequency was about 2/1000 pregnancies. Lab findings suggestive of cholestasis included normal prothrombin, elevated transaminaes, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and slowed BSP clearance. None of these women had any history of hepatitis, medication, or positive Australia antigen. It is important in diagnosis to rule out infections, toxic or iatrogenic hepatitis, and especially herpes gestationis, which is teratogenic. Pruritus of pregnancy is identical to that seen during oral contraception, i.e., it is a less severe form of cholestatsis than jaundice. It can be treated with cholestyramine, or will regress spontaneously after delivery, but may cause prematurity.
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PMID:[Significance of pruritus during pregnancy. Relations with the hepatic disorders of gestation]. 113 31

A controlled clinical trial comparing 2-Mercapto-Priopionyl-Glycine (2-MPG) plus B12 vitamin with B12 vitamin alone in chronic liver disease has been conducted in seven hospitals in Italy. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of liver histology; group I included 26 patients showing histological evidence for chronic persistent hepatitis (C.P.H.) (according to De Groote et al.) whereas group II consisted of 54 patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis (C.A.H.) or compensated liver cirrhosis. Patients of each group were randomly allocated to 2-MPG plus B12 vitamin, or to placebo plus B12 vitamin, in a double-blind way. The drug (or placebo) was diluted in 500 ml of 10% Levulose, and administered intravenously; 1000 gamma of B12 vitamin were added to each bottle. Patients in the 2-MPG group received 2.5 gms of the drug daily; the treatment lasted for 30 days. The following parameters were checked in all patients on admission, and repeated at the end of treatment: Serum bilirubin, serum Cholesterol, A.P., BSP retention, Prothrombin time, S-GOT, S-GPT, Gamma-GT, Total serum Protein, serum electrophoresis, Immunoglobulins. Patients given 2-MPG showed significant decreases of serum transaminases, and improvement of BSP retention.
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PMID:[Controlled clinical trial of 2-mercapto-propionyl-glycine in chronic hepatopathies]. 125 87

At present Non-A and Non-B hepatitis disseminated from the intestine in the world is believed to have a better prognosis and has no chronicity. From 1980-1986, this hepatitis has occurred in the south of Xinjiang. It was sporadic (1980-1985) and there was an outbreak (1986). Our study indicated that the results from 500 cases followed up for two years were different from the literature reported. 1. Patients with hepatomegaly were 11.2% at 7th months, 12.8% at 19th months and 45.3% at 28th months. At the same time there were 3 cases of splenomegaly and spider in each of the 19th month and 28th month. 2. Liver function test showed that gamma-GTP, BSP and gamma-globulins rose in different degrees among the 3-7 month cases. Reexamined at 19th months, 3.6% cases of both ZTT and SGPT were high. General proteins of 8% patients dropped. In 42% of the patients the globulins rose and the album in dropped. 3. Biopsy of the liver after 28th months demonstrated that it was in agreement with the pathologic changes found in chronic lobule hepatitis of CPH under the light microscope and electron microscope.
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PMID:[Chronic process with Non-A and Non-B hepatitis disseminated from the intestine (appended 500 cases followed up for two years)]. 190 14

1. Acute galactosamine (Gal) hepatitis was induced in rats drinking ad libitum either sodic bicarbonated water of Vichy Grande Grille (GG) or ordinary tap water (OH2). Two series of experiments were performed. 2. In the first series, Gal-induced hepatitis was moderate. Twenty four hours after IP Gal injection, GG treated rats had relative to OH2 treated rats a decrease of bile flow and BSP excretion, and an increase of serum transaminase and bilirubin. Seven days after Gal the liver had returned to normal except for an increase in biliary bilirubin and liver total lipids. 3. In the second series, Gal-induced hepatitis was severe. Twenty four hours after galactosamine administration, an increase in mortality after anesthesia was found in Gal/GG rats. An increase of liver size and total hepatic lipids was also observed, while bile secretion, BSP excretion, cyt P 450 and ARN decreased in Gal/GG rats. Steatosis and inflammatory reactions were more important in Gal/GG than in Gal/OH2 rats. Most parameters came back to their normal levels in two days in Gal/OH2 rats, while 7 days were generally necessary in Gal/GG treated animals. Hepatic DNA kept increasing in Gal/GG animals and was still higher after 7 days, maybe due to a greater inflammatory reaction in the liver, maybe following a stimulated hepatocyte regenerative response. 4. These results indicate that GG water is not an inoffensive salt solution.
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PMID:[Aggravation of acute galactosamine hepatitis by a sodic bicarbonated water in rats (author's transl)]. 626 Oct 45

Congenital biliary atresia (CBA) is a disorder of early infancy that needs early and accurate diagnosis because the curability may be increased if surgical therapy (hepatic porto-enterostomy) is performed early in the disease course of this condition. But immediate differentiation of CBA from neonatal hepatitis (NH) is very difficult, and even special tests for differential diagnosis are of limited value because of some hazards, including the length of time required, technical difficulties, and so on. The data on 14 patients with CBA and 20 with NH admitted to Tenri Hospital were analyzed by two statistical methods (discriminant analysis and probit analysis) and then scores combining several simple variables were calculated. We tried to differentiate these two conditions by the scoring systems mentioned above, and checked the results of these methods against cases in other hospitals (CBA 6 cases and NH 15 cases). Our scoring systems presented here showed higher discriminant power than any single variable test, including the 131I-BSP excretion test, and can be used where there is no time for differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Differentiation of congenital biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis by statistical methods. 642 77


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