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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Liver biopsies were performed on 51 regularly transfused patients with beta thalassaemia, age range 5-36 (mean 18.6) years, who had received regular subcutaneous desferrioxamine (DFX) treatment for periods between one and eight years (40 for eight years). The biopsy specimens were examined by light microscopy and immunofluorescence for hepatitis B virus surface and core antigens (HBsAg and HBcAg), and the iron content was determined chemically. The results were compared with serum ferritin concentration and aspartate transaminase (AST) activity and with hepatitis B virus serology. Biopsy specimens, in which chemical liver iron had been determined in 12, were also available from 17 patients. Mean serum ferritin (+/- SD) had fallen from 5885 (3245) micrograms/l to 1638 (976) micrograms/l in 36 patients after eight years' chelation, while mean (+/- SD) liver iron concentration had fallen from 2945 (900) micrograms/100 mg dry weight to 857 (435) micrograms/100 mg dry weight in 12 of them. All biopsy specimens examined were negative for HBs and HBc antigens. The presence of histological features of hepatitis was associated with increased liver iron content, increased fibrosis, and with progression of fibrosis between the two biopsies. Procollagen III peptide was assayed in 28 patients but did not correlate with the degree of hepatitis, fibrosis, or with chemical liver iron content. We conclude that with regular subcutaneous DFX, mean concentrations of serum ferritin and liver iron are maintained in these patients at about five and 10 times the normal value, respectively, and that progression of liver damage is more likely to be due to viral hepatitis, presumably related to the parenterally transmitted non-A, non-B agents than to iron overload.
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PMID:Iron state and hepatic disease in patients with thalassaemia major, treated with long term subcutaneous desferrioxamine. 312 79

We report two sisters with neonatal hemochromatosis (NHC), including the first documented survivor. Characterized by excessive parenchymal iron in liver, pancreas, heart, and other organs, but little iron in the spleen, bone marrow, or other sites of the reticuloendothelial system, NHC is rarely reported and has been uniformly fatal. The first infant (case 1) presented with neonatal hypoglycemia, coagulopathy, and mild hyperbilirubinemia; she rapidly deteriorated and died of multisystem failure. Autopsy showed cirrhosis. Her sister (case 2) presented similarly; liver biopsy showed giant cell hepatitis, which is consistent with idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (INHP). However, iron staining revealed that case 1 had extensive iron deposits in the liver, pancreas, heart, thymus, and bone, but none in bone marrow or spleen. Case 2 had grade 4 liver iron staining, normal bone marrow iron, elevated serum ferritin and transferrin saturation, and HLA-A3 haplotype. At 16 months of age, the growth, development, and serum measures of iron status in case 2 were normal; liver biopsy showed fibrosis, negative iron staining, and normal tissue iron concentration. NHC is compatible with survival, has clinicopathologic features that overlap with INHP, and may frequently be misdiagnosed as INHP. A prospective study is needed to determine the incidence and natural history of NHC--a disorder that may be more common than is currently recognized.
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PMID:Familial neonatal hemochromatosis with survival. 333 84

The radioimmunological method was used to measure the serum levels of 4 tumour markers--CEA, TPA, Ca 19-9 and Ferritin--in 20 hepatitis patients. Blood levels of bilirubin and transaminase were assayed at the same time. Patients with high levels of bilirubin and transaminase also revealed pathological levels of all 4 markers, especially TPA and ferritin which fell towards normal levels once the acute attack was over.
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PMID:[Course of the serum determination of 4 tumor markers in viral hepatitis]. 347 7

Liver function has been evaluated in 74 patients (aged 9 months to 19 years) with beta-thalassemia major. They were selected from 212 patients because their transaminase levels were three times higher than normal for over three months. In 36 of these subjects BSF clearance test was performed. In the majority of patients (70%) average GPT serum values were increased (66.33 +/- 35.41 U/L) while only a few of the youngest age group exhibited normal values. The transaminase level showed a direct relationship with age, ferritin level and transfusional iron. Furthermore a direct correlation was found between iron and gamma globulin levels both being related to age. Test for viral hepatitis markers showed that 60% of all the subjects studied had had HBV infection. Twenty-six of the 36 patients who underwent BSF test had normal values in the first part of the clearance curve, 8 others showed moderate changes while only the 2 remaining revealed severe alterations. The second part of the curve was abnormal in 34 and markedly altered in 2 subjects. Mean GPT serum values correlated with the first part of BSF clearance curve and BSF 45' values correlated with transfused iron. Siderosis, fibrosis, chronic inflammatory infiltration and vacuolar degeneration were seen at liver biopsy. Histological findings of chronic aggressive hepatitis were shown in two patients with high transaminase and gammaglobulin levels who had markedly abnormal BSF curve.
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PMID:[Hepatic pathology in beta-thalassemia major]. 372 17

The accidental finding of raised levels of serum aminotransferase levels may lead to extensive investigations of the liver in apparently healthy people. To identify diagnostic groups and their need for investigations, we have evaluated the results of all investigative procedures carried out in 149 asymptomatic patients with persistently raised serum levels of aminotransferases. Fatty liver was found in 64%. These patients often had a high body weight. A high alcohol intake and diabetes mellitus were also noted. Chronic active or persistent hepatitis was found in 20% of the patients. Six per cent had cirrhosis, 4% had alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, and 3.5% had hemochromatosis. Apart from ferritin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, and markers for hepatitis B, blood tests were of little value for distinguishing among different diagnostic groups. This was the case also for the imaging procedures, and neither liver scintigraphy nor ultrasonography was a reliable source of diagnostic information. The results of our study indicate that diagnosis in this group of patients cannot be made without liver biopsy.
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PMID:Liver investigation in 149 asymptomatic patients with moderately elevated activities of serum aminotransferases. 395 45

IN A PREVIOUS REPORT (HUANG SN: Hepatitis-associated antigen hepatitis: an electron microscopic study. Am J Pathol 64:483-500, 1971) liver biopsies of renal transplant patients who developed chronic progressive viral hepatitis associated with persistence of Australia antigenemia [Au(1)] while under immunosuppressive therapy were studied. Predominantly intranuclear 210-250 A spherical, virus-like particles were revealed in 12 of 13 biopsies examined by electron microscope. No such particles were found in biopsies from Australia antigen negative patients. To investigate the relationship of these virus-like particles to Australia antigen, 2 of the Au(1) hepatitis renal transplant patients were restudied 6 to 8 months later. Liver biopsy material was prepared for light microscopy, immunofluorescent microscopy, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. The specificity of the anti-Au(1) serum used in this study was ascertained by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis, and by immunoelectron microscopic studies of the antigen-antibody complex prepared in vitro by mixing the ferritin-conjugated anti-Au(1) reagent with the purified Au(1) particles. Electron microscopy of biopsies from liver not treated with antibody showed that virus-like particles persisted in liver cells. Immunofluorescent microscopy of teased liver biopsy suspensions showed nuclear and some cytoplasmic fluorescence, indicating the cellular localization of Au(1). The immunoelectron microscopic preparations showed agglutination of the virus-like particles and the presence of antibody coupled ferritin in the intranuclear and cytoplasmic particle agglutinates. No virus-like particles were seen in the biopsy from a control patient without Au(1) antigenemia, and results of the immunoelectron microscopic procedure were negative. Our observations that massive amounts of Au(1)-associated particles are located in liver cell nuclei of individuals with chronic active hepatitis strengthen the hypothesis of Blumberg et al that Au(1) is an infectious agent and/or the antigenic determinant of a hepatitis virus.
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PMID:Virus-like particles in Australia antigen-associated hepatitis. An immunoelectron microscopic study of human liver. 411 90

The level of tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin) in the blood serum was determined in 147 patients with benign and malignant hepatic diseases, 105 patients with cancer of extrahepatic site, Stage I-IV, without liver metastases (a control group) and 36 practically healthy persons. An analysis of the results obtained allowed one to establish that an increase in the concentration of tumor markers as compared to the normal one, is noted in both malignant and benign hepatic diseases as well as in the control group. However hepatic tumors were caused by a more frequent rise of the concentration of tumor markers in the blood serum with higher absolute values. Among benign hepatic diseases the most frequent increase in the level of tumor markers was noted in hepatitis and cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Tumor markers in focal and diffuse liver diseases]. 620 93

Severe congestive cardiac failure developed in a few weeks in a 44 year old man who had undergone porto-caval anastamosis for post-hepatitis cirrhosis one year previously and then treated for anaemia by repeated blood transfusion and chronic daily oral iron therapy. Infiltrative, congestive and restrictive cardiomyopathy was diagnosed in the presence of global cardiomegaly, electrocardiographic changes (microvoltage, diffuse ST-T wave changes), echocardiographic appearances (dilatation of the left ventricle, with hypertrophic and hypokinetic walls), and hemodynamic signs of adiastole with equalisation of filling pressures at 15 mmHg and a cardiac index of 1,88 l/min/m2. Cardiac haemochromatosis was confirmed by the laboratory (serum iron: 35 mumol/l; siderophilin saturation: 100 p. 100; serum ferritin: 1854 ng/ml; induced siderouria: 51 mg/24 hours) and histological findings (endomyocardial biopsy showing pigment overload). The absence of a family history, of homozygote A3 antigen, of diabetes, of iron overload on hepatic biopsy one year previously, excluded the diagnosis of familial idiopathic haemochromatosis. A secondary form of the disease was diagnosed on a possible genetic predisposition (heterozygote A3 antigen) and on environmental factors (blood transfusions, iron therapy, cirrhosis, alcoholism and perhaps the porto-caval anastamosis. Cardiac haemochromatosis was cured in this case by iron chelating therapy comprising daily subcutaneous infusions of 2 g of desferrioxamine for 2 months. The cure was confirmed by regression of the signs of clinical cardiac failure and of cardiomegaly, the increase in QRS voltages and the near normalisation of the hemodynamic and laboratory findings.
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PMID:[Adiastole caused by a secondary cardiac hemochromatosis. Successful treatment with an iron chelating agent]. 641 3

In this study maximum urinary iron elimination with continuous desferrioxamine subcutaneous infusion was obtained in thalassemia major patients with chronic persistent or active hepatitis with lower doses (60 mg/kg) than those necessary in patients without hepatitis (80 mg/kg). Since dose-response curves were highly variable the treatment schedule should be tailored to the individual needs of each patient. Both groups may achieve iron balance but chronic hepatitis patients have more frequently a net urinary iron excretion. In patients with chronic hepatitis no correlation was found between serum ferritin levels or serum ferritin/aspartate aminotransferase ratios and transfusional iron overload while serum ferritin/aspartate aminotransferase ratios were seen to be correlated with liver iron stores.
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PMID:Iron chelation in transfusion-dependent thalassemia with chronic hepatitis. 680 Feb 2

This study was designed to investigate the usefulness of serum ferritin determinations for the diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The origin of ferritin in the circulation of these patients was also studied by an in vitro incubation system. Ferritin levels were determined by a radioimmunoassay kit (SPAC kit, Daiichi Radioisotope Lab.). Pretreatment serum ferritin levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, hepatitis and anemia than in normal women. All cases with endometrian cancer showed normal ferritin levels. Among patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, stage IV and recurrence groups showed higher ferritin levels than other stages. In vitro incubation studies revealed that squamous cell carcinoma could release significantly larger amount of ferritin than normal squamous epithelium. In addition, circulating and tissue ferritin of squamous cell carcinoma had the same immunological behavior in a ferritin radioimmunoassay, and also showed the identical localization on isoelectrofocusing gels. These results indicated that (1) circulating ferritin in patients with squamous cell carcinoma would, at least in part, be derived from the tumor tissue, and (2) serum ferritin determinations would be useful for the management of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[Ferritin levels in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (author's transl)]. 723 35


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