Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three hundred and thirty donors were screened for HBs Ag using direct passive haemagglutination and the presence of Lipoidophil antibodies as detected by VDRL test. Blood group O donors had the highest HBs Ag prevalence rate of 4.3% as against the 0% frequency for group AB donors. There were no significant association between ABO blood group distribution and the presence of HBs Ag (P greater than 0.05). 11 donors in all were positive for HBs Ag giving a total prevalence of 3.3%. The sera of 27 blood donors (8.2%) contained lipoidophil antibodies. The highest percentage of VDRL test positivity was in blood group B donors (22.7%) followed by group O (9.1%). None of the 6 group AB donors had a reactive sera. Test of significance showed that there was no association between ABO distribution and the presence of lipoidophil antibodies. In conclusion, it is stated that since none of the blood donors that was reactive to the VDRL reagin carried HBs Ag, hepatitis virus B unlike other viral infection, may not elicit the production of lipoidophil antibodies.
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PMID:ABO blood groups distribution in relation to hepatitis B surface antigen and the presence of lipoidophil antibodies. 150 3

Cholestasis is a common finding after liver transplantation and usually signifies graft dysfunction. The most important factor in the evaluation of patients with cholestasis is an awareness of the disorders that commonly arise along a time continuum post-transplant. Therefore, the approach to cholestasis requires a systematic review of biochemical, histological, and radiographic data. This article considers the causes of cholestasis in liver transplant recipients, excluding those associated with biliary anastomotic stricturing. These causes include conditions as diverse as ischemia reperfusion injury, ABO blood group incompatibility, hepatic arterial thrombosis, cytomegalovirus infection, fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis secondary to hepatitis B and C viruses, recurrent primary sclerosing cholangitis, recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis, and chronic rejection. Also examined are management issues pertinent to these conditions and strategies used in preventing or diminishing the effects of cholestasis once established.
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PMID:Cholestatic diseases of liver transplantation. 1135 20

The most important transplantation antigen system for organ transplantation is the ABO blood group system. Crossing the blood barrier is usually not done except in emergency cases such as liver transplantations for fulminant hepatitis. Early experiences of allograft transplantations across the blood barriers were discouraging. In the 1970s, clinical trials were started transplanting kidneys of subgroup A2 into blood group O recipients because the tissues of the A2 subgroup express a lower amount of A antigens compared with subgroup A1. The recipients required no special treatment and received the standard immunosuppressive regimen as used in blood group identical cases. Many early graft loses immediately after transplantations were experienced, but these trials resulted in an excellent graft survival rate. A few centers have adapted the concept of A2 kidneys to non-A recipient transplantations with successful results by reducing anti-A blood type titers prior to transplantations. In the early 1980s, the possibility of bridging the ABO barrier was tested by several groups. A1 and B kidneys from living donors were also successfully transplanted across the blood barrier using quadruple immunosuppressive drugs and splenectomy. Since 1989, the largest number of ABO-incompatible renal transplantations have been performed in Japan because of the limited numbers of cadaveric donors. Approximately 400 cases have been successfully transplanted across the blood barrier at many centers in Japan. Owing to novel immunosuppressive drugs, the ABO-incompatible allografts exhibited a level of function comparable with that of ABO-matched allografts even though anti-A or anti-B antibodies had returned to the circulation of the recipients. In this article, we describe the historical background, the current therapeutic strategies including apheresis therapy for the ABO-incompatible transplantations, and the experiences at our institution.
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PMID:Therapeutic apheresis therapy for ABO-incompatible renal transplantations. 1501 38

The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of emergency right lobe adult-to-adult living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for high model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score severe hepatitis. Consecutive 10 high MELD score severe hepatitis patients underwent emergency right lobe adult-to-adult LDLT in our hospital from April to December 2007. The MELD score was 34.50 +/- 2.088. The outcomes of these recipients were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, eight cases of ABO blood group were identical and two cases compatible, one case was Rh negative. Two recipients died and the rest of the recipients and all donors are safe; perioperative and 2-year survival rate was 80%. The mean graft-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) was 1.27% +/- 0.25%, and graft volume to recipient standard liver volume ratio (GV/ESLVR) was 56.7% +/- 6.75%. Of the 10 patients, three received right lobe grafts with middle hepatic vein (MHV), four without MHV, three without MHV but followed by V and VIII hepatic vein outflow reconstruction. An encouraging outcome was achieved in this group: elevated serum creatinine, serum endotoxin, decreased serum prothrombin activity, and Tbil returned to normal on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and 28, respectively. One-year survival rate was 80%. Outcomes of emergency right lobe adult-to-adult LDLT for high MELD score severe hepatitis were fairly encouraging and acceptable. Emergency right lobe adult-to-adult LDLT is an effective and life-saving modality for high MELD score acute liver failure patients following severe hepatitis.
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PMID:Emergent right lobe adult-to-adult living-donor liver transplantation for high model for end-stage liver disease score severe hepatitis. 2005 81