UMLS:C0019158 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The presence of liver IgG Fc receptor sites was demonstrated in the liver tissue from 23 patients with liver diseases and 2 patients without liver lesions by the localization of soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP). Cryostat sections of liver tissues were incubated with the complexes and the peroxidase activity was revealed histochemically. In the normal liver tissue, PAP were localized on the liver cell membrane, the Kupffer cells, and some of the sinusoidal walls. In acute hepatitis, a strongly positive reaction on swollen Kupffer cells was remarkable but positive reaction on the liver cell membrane was very weak. In chronic aggressive hepatitis, PAP were strongly positive on multiplied Kupffer cells and many PAP-positive infiltrated cells were observed at the area of piecemeal necrosis. However, the positive reaction on the liver cell membrane in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis was generally fainter than in the normal cases without liver diseases. These results correlated well with the severity of liver cell necrosis. In chronic persistent hepatitis, the number of PAP-positive infiltrated cells in the portal area and positive Kupffer cells were fewer than in chronic aggressive hepatitis. Similar results were obtained with liver cirrhosis, and in particular, the liver cell membrane with regenerative nodules gave a positive reaction. A negative result was obtained by incubation with PAP-F(ab')2 alone. PAP reaction was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with aggregated human IgG, trypsin, and pronase but not with neuraminidase.
...
PMID:Detection of liver IgG Fc receptors using soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase. I. Detection in liver tissue from patients with liver diseases. 701 47

The presence of liver IgG Fc receptor sites was demonstrated in the liver tissue from C-57 black mice with D-Galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatitis by the localization of soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP). Cryostat sections of liver tissues were incubated with the complexes and the peroxidase activity was revealed histochemically. In the normal liver tissue, PAP were localized on the Kupffer cells, some of the sinusoidal walls, and the liver cell membrane mainly at the side of the sinusoid. Twenty-four hours after single administration of GalN (1,500 mg/kg body weight), positive PAP reaction was mainly observed on the membrane surface of infiltrating cells in the area of hepatocellular focal necrosis, and faintly observed on the degenerative hepatic cell membrane and the sinusoidal walls. After 48 hours, these features became more remarkable, especially at the sites with severe necrotic lesions. After 72 hours, the positive reaction on the regenerative hepatic cell membranes again became distinct. At the chronic stage 13 weeks after repeated administrations of GalN and Freund's complete adjuvant, a strong positive reaction was found on swollen and multiplied Kupffer cells, and a faint one found on the liver cell membrane, especially at the periphery of the lobules; moreover, many PAP-positive infiltrated cells were found in the area of piecemeal necrosis. The relationship between liver IgG Fc receptors and the severity of liver cell necrosis is discussed.
...
PMID:Detection of liver IgG Fc receptors using soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase. II. Detection in liver tissue from mice with D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis. 701 48

A staphylococcus aureus protein A co-operated ELISA (SPA-ELISA) for the detection of anti-HCV-IgM has been established using HCV antigenic polypeptide, SPA-bearing germs and horseradish peroxidase labelled anti-human IgM. The specificity of SPA-ELISA has been confirmed by some substitution tests, blocking tests and destroying test with 2-mercaptoethanol. The results showed that the rate of anti-HCV-IgG in a group of patients with acute hepatitis and there were significant difference in anti-HCV-IgM was higher than that of anti-HCV-IgM detected rates between patients with acute hepatitis and those with chronic hepatitis (32.26%, P < 0.01). On the other hand, the positive rates of anti-HCV-IgM were 53.66% and 63.41% in transfusion associated hepatitis, 38.10% and 42.86% in sporadic hepatitis, 6.11% and 16.33% in people who have had active social activities, 40.00% and 10.00% in a group of blood donors respectively. Furthermore, taking into account the characteristics of HCV polypeptide used, its easiness of manipulation, and elimination of the interference of anti-HCV-IgG in sera, the new SPA-ELISA is believed to be of practical value in clinical and epidemiological studies of hepatitis C.
...
PMID:Establishment and application of SPA-co-operated ELISA for detection of anti-HCV-IgM. 751 50

Anti-hepatitis A virus IgM capture ELISA was developed by using the reagents produced in the NIV laboratory. The major reagents of the assay were anti-human IgM antibody, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and anti-HAV IgG-horse radish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate. Of these, anti-human IgM antibodies were generated in rabbit against IgM secreted by human hybridoma clone(G3). HAV was derived from buffalo green money kidney cell line infected with HM-175 strain. Virus purified from the cell lysates was used for immunization of rabbits and guinea-pigs. There was very low anti-HAV response. A seropositive rhesus monkey was inoculated with monkey adapted strain of HAV to boost the anti-HAV antibody titre. Anti-HAV IgGs derived from hyperimmune sera of monkey and hepatitis A patient were conjugated with HRP. The preparations of conjugate--particularly human antibody--HRP conjugate yielded highly satisfactory results in anti-HAV capture ELISA. The assay appears to be specific, sensitive and quick and is useful in differentiating acute HAV infection from other acute infections caused by B, E and non-A non-B hepatitis viruses.
...
PMID:Indigenous anti-hepatitis A virus IgM capture ELISA for the diagnosis of hepatitis A. 808 83

The concentration of biliary Cu was 0.12 +/- 0.01 microgram/ml in male LEC rats aged 14 weeks and 0.43 +/- 0.09 micrograms/ml in Fischer rats of the same age. When copper chloride (170 micrograms/kg b.w. as Cu) was infused intravenously (i.v.), the concentration of biliary Cu increased to only 0.21 +/- 0.06 microgram/ml 30 min after the infusion in LEC rats. In contrast, Fischer rats showed a concentration about 10 times higher (4.02 +/- 2.2 micrograms/ml) than that before the infusion. In Fischer rats pretreated with cadmium chloride, the biliary Cu concentration was 1.04 + 0.43 micrograms/ml 30 min after infusion of copper. Horseradish peroxidase (E.C.1.11.1.7) infused iv along with copper chloride was excreted into bile at a low level in LEC rats compared to Fischer rats. Our results suggest that the gross accumulation of hepatic Cu in the new, mutant LEC rats is due to a low excretion of Cu into bile and that the hepatobiliary dysfunction is related to spontaneous hepatitis.
...
PMID:Decrease in biliary excretion of copper in Long-Evans cinnamon (LEC) rats causing spontaneous hepatitis due to a gross accumulation of hepatic copper. 821 Jun 89

A new method is described for the characterization of RNA binding domains of a protein and applied to the study of the interaction between proteins and nucleic acid of the human hepatitis delta virus (HDV). The method uses synthetic peptides coated onto an ELISA plate and tested for their ability to bind digoxigenin-labelled RNAs. RNA binding is quantified with peroxidase-conjugated anti-digoxigenin. The hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) is an RNA-binding protein that specifically binds HDV RNAs. In a previous study, it was shown that HDAg sequences corresponding to residues 2-27 and 79-107 bound to both genomic and antigenomic strands. Further investigations are reported on HDAg/HDV RNA binding, using additional HDAg peptides and the full-length HDV genomic and antigenomic strands. In order to validate the method, the efficiency of peptide coating onto the ELISA plate was assessed with human antibodies against HDAg. The two arginine-rich motifs potentially involved in the RNA-binding activity (97-107 and 136-146) were explored and the residues 2-27 and 79-211 were mapped using synthetic peptides. Only peptides corresponding to residues 2-17, 2-27, 79-107 and 84-126 of the HDAg bound to the genomic and antigenomic strands. The second arginine-rich motif represented by peptides 130-144 and 128-152 did not bind to HDV RNAs in this assay. This second arginine-rich domain may be involved in this interaction without a direct ability to bind HDV RNAs.
...
PMID:Direct investigation of protein RNA-binding domains using digoxigenin-labelled RNAs and synthetic peptides: application to the hepatitis delta antigen. 860 3

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cytotoxic, causing inflammatory disease, including tissue necrosis, organ failure, atherosclerosis, infertility, birth defects, premature aging, mutations and malignancy. ROS are produced in the metabolism of drugs and industrial chemicals by (i) one-electron peroxidase oxidations to form cation radicals, (ii) cytochrome P450 metabolism to free radical products, (iii) stabilisation of the ROS-generator, CYP2E1, and (iv) futile cycling of other cytochromes P450. ROS production initiates inflammation which unless quenched may result in chronic inflammatory disease states, e.g. hepatitis, nephritis, myositis, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, multiple system organ failure. Quenching of ROS is affected by the redox buffer, glutathione (GSH), and the antioxidants, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, retinoids, in conjunction with the redox enzymes, GSH reductase, GSH peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Many industrial workers with symptoms of systemic inflammation, resulting from exposure to toxic chemicals, are diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis, virus infections, or other microbial lesions, largely because many physicians are unaware that exposure to certain chemicals can initiate inflammatory disease states.
...
PMID:Chemical toxicity and reactive oxygen species. 911 92

Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in seven captive slender-tailed meerkats (Suricata suricatta) according to clinicopathologic findings and immunohistochemistry. Five of nine meerkats died during an outbreak in late 1994. These included four kits (2.5 to 4.5 months old) and a 4-year-old meerkat. Two other meerkats, both adults, died in 1992 and 1995. Respiratory insufficiency (4/7) and incoordination (3/7) were the most consistent clinical signs. although two of seven meerkats died unexpectedly. At necropsy, the lungs were reddened and noncollapsed (6/7), and had multiple pale round foci (4/7). Yellow foci of necrosis in mesenteric lymph nodes (4/7), splenomegaly (3/7), and hydropericardium (3/7) were other common gross findings. Microscopically, interstitial pneumonia was present in all seven meerkats, being acute to subacute in six of them. Type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, aggregates of foamy macrophages, and giant cells were consistently seen. Multifocal to locally extensive necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes (4/7), mild to severe multifocal necrotizing hepatitis (5/6), and mild nonsuppurative encephalitis (4/6) were also seen. Toxoplasma-like organisms were consistently associated with these lesions and were stained by the avidin biotin peroxidase procedure with an antiserum that does not cross-react with Neospora caninum. Meerkats were most likely infected after an oral, primary exposure to Toxoplasma. Several observations indicate that meerkats may be highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis.
...
PMID:Epizootic disseminated toxoplasmosis in captive slender-tailed meerkats (Suricata suricatta). 915 May 39

The activity of the enzymatic activity of the preparations of IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4, isolated from the blood of patients with acute virus hepatitis B and chronic viral hepatitis C resulting in cirrhosis, was studied. The blood samples were found to have DNAase activity significantly exceeding that of immunoglobulins isolated from the blood sera of healthy donors, as well as peroxidase, oxidase and esterase activities, whose level did not significantly differ from those of the donor blood sera. The interaction of IgG preparations with the cations of different metals was studied. The study revealed that the addition of CuSO4 solution at the final concentration of 4.7 x 10(-5) M to the blood samples led to a significant increase in activity in comparison with the initial one (on the average, 7.8 +/- 2.97 times) in all 14 samples. The activity thus observed was partially inhibited by the addition of the solution of staphylococcal protein A. As noted in the course of this study, high DNAase and peroxidase activities of Ig were most frequently observed in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The difference in the levels of IgG activity between patients with cirrhosis of the liver and patients with virus hepatitis, but no signs of cirrhosis, is not significant.
...
PMID:[The enzymatic activity of IgG preparations in viral hepatitis]. 978 8

In areas where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prevalent, HBV carriers negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been reported. Moreover, even after screening donor blood for HbsAg and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), post-transfusion hepatitis B continues to occur, though with a decreasing frequency. Therefore, screening tests far more sensitive for detecting HBsAg than those currently available are needed. We developed a highly sensitive method for HBsAg detection. It is based on the recognition of peroxidase activity through measuring the formation of stable nitroxide radical with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, p-acetamidophenol (p-AP), and 4-hydrazonomethyl-1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5,-tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-3-o xide (HHTIO). A cut-off value was established by testing of 186 healthy adults and 50 HBsAg-positive individuals. The signal to noise (S/N) ratio of less than 1.488 obtained by ESR spectroscopy was considered to be negative and more than 2.181, positive. The p-AP/HHTIO method was found to be 10 times more sensitive than the standard ELISA and reproducibility was excellent. Additional investigations were made on the HBsAg levels in the serum from 26 healthy subjects, in whom cut-off index levels on ELISA were negative but relatively high (range: 0.6 to 1.0); and on 15 patients with non B non C hepatitis. Three of 26 cases and 3 of 15 with non B non C hepatitis were judged to be HBsAg positive. Of these, 5 were found to be positive for HBV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was shown in this study that the p-AP/HHTIO method is practical and useful in screening HBV carriers because of the sensitivity in HBsAg detection, which is comparable to PCR analysis.
...
PMID:Highly sensitive hepatitis B surface antigen detection by measuring stable nitroxide radical formation with ESR spectroscopy. 984 Jul 38

<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>