Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tween 80 treatment of a Dana particle-rich pellet obtained from sera of a carrier with a hepatitis type B infection resulted in the release of e antigen.
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PMID:Release of e antigen from a Dane particle-rich preparation of hepatitis B virus. 87 17

Since 1986 the factor VIII and IX concentrates of the Central Laboratory, Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service have been virus inactivated with tri-(n-butyl) phosphate and Tween 80. Clinical studies had shown that both preparations were well tolerated and hemostatically effective; no HIV infection was transmitted. However, safety from transmission of non-A/non-B hepatitis could not be shown since the study included no previously untreated patients. In the meantime, a laboratory test has become available which allows retrospective testing for anti-hepatitis C antibodies in frozen sera of the study patients. 5 of the 26 patients, observed during a 2-year follow-up study, had no HCV antibodies before entering the long-term trial. During this trial, each of these 5 patients substituted an average quantity of 40,200 coagulation factor units (7500-69,000) from 45 production lots. None of these 5 patients developed anti-HCV antibodies, nor did any of them show clinical signs of infection with hepatitis. This suggests that virus inactivation using solvent/detergent treatment reduces the risk of transmission of HCV.
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PMID:[No HCV seroconversion in hemophilia following substitution with virus-inactivated coagulation factor VIII and IX concentrates]. 165 28

The treatment of plasma with organic solvent/detergent mixtures at the time of plasma collection or pooling could reduce the exposure of technical staff to infectious viruses and enhance the viral safety of the final product. Treatment of plasma for 4 hours with 2-percent tri(n-butyl)phosphate (TNBP) at 37 degrees C, with 1-percent TNBP and 1-percent polyoxyethylensorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) at 30 degrees C, or with 1-percent TNBP and 1-percent polyoxyethylene ethers, (Triton X-45) at 30 degrees C resulted in the rapid and complete inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(4) tissue culture-infectious doses (TCID50) of vesicular stomatitis and Sindbis viruses, which are used as surrogates. Treatment of plasma with TNBP and TNBP and Tween-80 was shown to inactivate greater than or equal to 10(4) TCID50 of human immunodeficiency virus. TNBP treatment of plasma contaminated with 10(6) chimpanzee-infectious doses (CID50) of hepatitis B virus and 10(5) CID50 of non-A,non-B hepatitis virus prevented the transmission of hepatitis to chimpanzees. Immediately after treatment of plasma with 2-percent TNBP, the recovery of factors VIII, IX, and V and antithrombin III was 80, 90, 40, and 100 percent, respectively. Recovery of all factors was greater than or equal to 90 percent after treatment with TNBP and detergent mixtures. Treated plasma was fractionated by standard techniques into antihemophilic factor and prothrombin complex concentrates, immune globulin, and albumin. Prior treatment with TNBP or TNBP and detergent did not affect the separations of desired proteins. Therefore, it appears possible to inactivate viruses in plasma before the execution of standard fractionation procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The use of tri(n-butyl)phosphate detergent mixtures to inactivate hepatitis viruses and human immunodeficiency virus in plasma and plasma's subsequent fractionation. 175 94

Use of the organic solvent, tri(n-butyl)phosphate (TNBP), and detergents for the inactivation of viruses in labile blood derivatives was evaluated by addition of marker viruses (VSV, Sindbis, Sendai, EMC) to anti-hemophilic factor (AHF) concentrates. The rate of virus inactivation obtained with TNBP plus Tween 80 was superior to that observed with ethyl ether plus Tween 80, a condition previously shown to inactivate greater than or equal to 10(6.9) CID50 of hepatitis B and greater than or equal to 10(4) CID50 of Hutchinson strain non-A, non-B hepatitis. The AHF recovery after TNBP/Tween treatment was greater than or equal to 90 percent. Following the reaction, TNBP could be removed from the protein by gel exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G25; however, because of its large micelle size, Tween 80 could not be removed from protein by this method. Attempts to remove Tween 80 by differential precipitation of protein were only partially successful. An alternate detergent, sodium cholate, when combined with TNBP, resulted in almost as efficient virus inactivation and an 80 percent recovery of AHF. Because sodium cholate forms small micelles, it could be removed by Sephadex G25 chromatography. Electrophoretic examination of TNBP/cholate-treated AHF concentrates revealed few, if any, changes in protein mobility, except for plasma lipoprotein(s).
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PMID:Inactivation of viruses in labile blood derivatives. I. Disruption of lipid-enveloped viruses by tri(n-butyl)phosphate detergent combinations. 393 1

To assess the sterilization efficacy of a combined Tween 80, beta-propiolactone and ultraviolet irradiation procedure applied to a F VIII preparation to which an estimated 10(5.9) chimpanzee infectious doses (CID50) of hepatitis B virus had been added per ml, two chimpanzees were inoculated with 10 ml each of treated and untreated preparations. The untreated preparation, which was obtained from donors with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, induced non-A, non-B hepatitis in both recipient animals, and delayed hepatitis B infection in one of these. Neither animal receiving the treated preparation developed either type of hepatitis. When subsequently challenged with the untreated material, both of the latter animals developed non-A, non-B and hepatitis B infection, proving their susceptibility to both types of infection. It was concluded that the combined procedure inactivated an estimated 10(6.9) CID50 of hepatitis B virus and an unknown quantity of a non-A, non-B virus. The finding of non-A, non-B virus infectivity in a pooled F VIII preparation despite careful ALT screening of plasma donors emphasizes the necessity of subjecting such preparations to sterilization procedures.
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PMID:Inactivation of hepatitis B and non-A, non-B viruses by combined use of Tween 80, beta-propiolactone, and ultraviolet irradiation. 641 46

Titrated stocks of hepatitis B virus and Hutchinson strain non-A, non-B hepatitis virus were diluted in normal serum to contain, respectively, greater than or equal to 10(6) and greater than or equal to 10(4) chimpanzee infectious doses (CID50) per milliliter and exposed to 1% Tween 80 and 20% ether at 4 degrees C for 18 h. After evaporation of the ether, the treated sera were each inoculated into two chimpanzees. The animals remained free of serologic and biochemical evidence of hepatitis during a 6-month follow-up period, and were then shown to be susceptible to infection by challenge with the original untreated inocula. To assess the effect of exposure to Tween 80/ether on coagulation factors, four lots of antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrate and 2 lots of commercial factor IX concentrate were treated as above. For the AHF concentrate there was an average of 70% recovery of factor VIII procoagulant activity, 93% recovery of factor VIII-related antigen, and 73% recovery of fibronectin opsonin activity and no detectable change in ristocetin cofactor activity or in fibronectin antigen. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed no change in migration rate of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor (vWF), although the quantity of fibrinogen was reduced. Factor VIII procoagulant activity and vWF activity remained associated during chromatography on BioGel A15.
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PMID:Inactivation of hepatitis B and Hutchinson strain non-A, non-B hepatitis viruses by exposure to Tween 80 and ether. 642 34

Buoyant density of a recently discovered putative non-A to E hepatitis virus designated hepatitis G virus (HGV) was estimated in plasma or serum samples from three symptom-free carriers and two hepatitis patients. HGV RNA was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in sucrose density fractions with a low density at 1.05-1.10 g/cm3, and the density shifted to 1.23-1.26 g/cm3 after a treatment of peak fractions with Tween 80. Fractionated HGV was precipitated with antibodies to apolipoproteins, but not at all with antibodies to IgG; it was retained by affinity columns of lectins. These results indicate that the circulating HGV would be covered with lipoproteins of the host and has sugar moieties on the surface. The association of HGV with lipids would be responsible for the observed low density and prevent the binding with antibodies for viral persistence.
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PMID:Association of circulating hepatitis G virus with lipoproteins for a lack of binding with antibodies. 895 63