Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay using anti-HBe-coated polysterence beads and iodine-125-labeled anti-HBe of human origin was developed for the detection of HBeAg. Anti-HBe could be determined by a blocking test. Both assays were about 500-fold more sensitive than immunodiffusion. Few nonspecific positive results for HBeAg could be recognized in the anti-HBe test by increase in cpm over that of the negative control. HBeAg was not found in acute hepatitis A and non A-non B hepatitis or in a control group of accident patients. On admission to the hospital 12 of 48 (25%) acute hepatitis B patients from Greece and 17 of 20 (85%) acute hepatitis B patients from Germany were HBeAg-positive. All 39 initially HBeAg negative sera were already anti-HBe positive. Tests of the acute stage and follow-up sera of the 20 German patients indicated that HBeAg is regularly present in the incubation period and early acute phase of hepatitis B. After onset of disease the antigen is cleared from the serum very rapidly in uncomplicated cases and is usually followed by the appearance of anti-HBe. Like anti-HBc, anti-HBe can serve as a tool for the diagnosis of hepatitis B after the disappearance of HBsAg.
 ...
PMID:Detection of HBeAg and anti-HBe in acute hepatitis B by a sensitive radioimmunoassay. 73 Dec 22

Liquid scintillation counting solutions for radioimmunoassay of hepatitis associated antigen (HBsAg) are evaluated and discussed. Data is also presented which indicates that liquid scintillation counting could be carried out by placing cut-off Ausria-125 test tubes in counting vials containing 10 ml of either Brays, Unogel, or Instagel solutions. The data suggest that Brays was the least effective and Unogel and Instagel were the most effective liquid scintillation counting solutions. This is a fundamental consideration if a laboratory is contemplating an initial investiment in counting equipment. The acquisition of a liquid scintillation counter provides additional capabilities for the clinical laboratory interested in radioisotope measurements. In addition, if a laboratory already has a liquid scintillation counter (Beta counter), the director of the clinical laboratory may elect not to purchase additional counting equipment (gamma counter) since he already has the added advantage of measuring iodine-125 with the Beta counter. The authors propose liquid scintillation (RIA) as an alternative counting system for HBsAg detection in hospital patients and donors.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of liquid scintillation counting solutions for radioimmunoassay of hepatitis-associated antigen (HBsAg). 91 Feb 69

The properties of fibrinogen extracted by a precipitation method using glycine at ambient temperatures near neutral pH are described. The simple and reproducible method gives a 73% yield of high purity plasminogen-free fibrinogen in 45 minutes from small volumes of plasma. The protein extract was labelled with 125I using chloramine-T under conditions optimal for fibrinogen stability. The extraction procedure, radio-iodination, desalting, and sterilization take only 70 minutes for completion from the time donor blood is received in the laboratory. The methods, using a specially developed extraction vessel and desalting/sterilizing column, can be used in a small hospital laboratory. Autologous fibrinogen can thus be extracted from patients' blood, eliminating the risk of transmitting hepatitis when it is re-administered. The autologous material, which is 97% clottable and contains less than 0-05% free iodide, is being routinely used as a diagnostic tool in the detection of deep vein thrombosis. The high purity of the preparation facilitates metabolic studies and in vitro experimental work. In vivo results show a mean half-life in three normal volunteers of 3-95 days and a catabolic rate of 25-23% per day with the extravascular space estimated as 24-86%. In 30 surgical patients an expected reduced half-life in plasma was determined with a mean of 3-1 days.
 ...
PMID:A rapidly produced 125I labelled autologous fibrinogen: in vitro properties and preliminary metabolic studies in man. 93 5

WHO finds that the health services and the health systems in India have improved. For example, India has made considerable improvement in expansion of health services to rural areas (7-10% expansion) and to the poor. Further, allocation to the minimum needs program, according to the state sector plan, has risen from 42.6% to 50%. In addition, infant and maternal mortality rates have fallen. Improved immunization coverage, prenatal care services, diarrhea prevention, malaria control, and contraceptive use have all contributed to the reduction in infant and maternal deaths. Health and welfare programs have generally institutionalized the primary health care concept of community participation. Training for health workers, policymakers, and personnel from nongovernmental organizations has expanded. Nevertheless, life expectancy has essentially not changed. Besides, WHO notes that the disease patterns have not changed. Some regions of India have disease patterns of developed countries, however. India has the highest number of malaria cases in southeastern Asia (almost 71%) and the second highest number of women with anemia. The number of HIV-positive and AIDS cases is growing. More than 374 million people are at risk of lymphatic filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis has become entrenched in India. 5% of the population are positive for hepatitis viruses. 1% have iodine deficiency disorders.
 ...
PMID:WHO commends India. 145 31

The thyreostatic therapy of a hyperthyroidism in coincident chronic hepatopathy is problematic. On the one hand, this therapy may be an additional load, particularly by the development of a cholestasis for the ill liver. On the other hand, due to the hyperthyroidism disturbance of the liver function and liver diseases up to cholestatic hepatitis may develop. At the instance of two patients with liver cirrhosis, whose simultaneous hyperthyroidism was treated thyreostatically, the therapeutic problems are represented. On the basis of the treatment of a not small number of patients with this constellation of findings we recommend the use of Thiamazol as therapy of choice in the at present, usual lower initial dosage. If functional disturbances of the liver and other side effects appear under this therapy, the radio-iodine therapy offers itself as alternative.
 ...
PMID:[Thyrostatic therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis]. 241 55

The monoclonal antibody (MoAb) HMGF-1 was evaluated in the radioimmunodetection of human colonic cancer transplanted intraperitoneally (i.p.) into athymic nude mice. This antibody reacts with a component of the human milkfat globule, as well as a wide range of epithelial cells and adenocarcinomas of various origins. Purified MoAb was iodinated with 125I and administered i.p. into nu/nu mice bearing (i.p.) xenografts of human colonic adenocarcinoma (X56). Differential tissue counts of radioactivity demonstrated preferential localization of the antibody in i.p. and subcutaneous (s.c.) tumor tissue as compared to normal tissues. Maximum per cent dose per g of tumor (25.17 +/- 1.37), maximum tumor: blood ratio (4.45 +/- 0.14) and maximum tumor: tissue ratios (34.2 +/- 0.12) were obtained at the optimal labelling time of 5 days after antibody injection. Selective localization to tumor was confirmed with a control anti-hepatitis virus MoAb of the same isotype and by localization studies in non-tumor bearing athymic mice. Half lives of the persistence of the iodine 125 in the tumor bearing and non tumor bearing mice were 5 and 7 days, respectively, indicating approximate antibody half lives. Whole body scans showed distinct tumor images without the use of subtraction techniques. This pilot experimental study demonstrates the feasibility of i.p. administration of labelled antitumor MoAb in the imaging of i.p. tumors in an athymic mouse system. Whether or not these observations are applicable to the human situation remains to be carefully established.
 ...
PMID:Intraperitoneal administration of an I125 labelled monoclonal antibody for localization of human colorectal cancer in the nude mouse. 282 53

Experimental acute toxic hepatitis causes functional reconstruction of the thyroid gland accompanied by intensified levels of total iodine and its hormonal compounds in blood. In most of non-thyroid tissues a decrease in the total and hormonal iodine content is revealed, but in kidneys these indices are considerably higher. The level of the nonhormonal iodine compounds in blood and tissues under study does not essentially vary and only in the liver, heart and lungs the expressed lowering of inorganic iodides is observed.
 ...
PMID:[Functional activity of the thyroid gland and distribution of its hormones in peripheral tissues under experimental liver disease]. 400 71

Severe intercurrent nonthyroidal illnesses (diabetic ketoacidosis, myocardial infarction, fulminant hepatitis and bacterial pneumonia) in four thyrotoxic patients were associated with depression of total serum thyroxine (T(4)) and triiodothyronine (T(3)) values into the normal or even subnormal range. A diagnosis of hyperthyroidism was established by a combination of elevated radioactive iodine uptake, absent thyroid-stimulating hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone or an elevated free T(4) by dialysis values. In the two of four cases that had a fatal outcome, there was a progressive decline in total T(4) and total T(3) values. In contrast, the two surviving patients had a progressive increase of total T(3) and total T(4) values into the hyperthyroid range as their underlying illness resolved. As has been seen with severe nonthyroidal illnesses, pronounced depression of total T(3) and total T(4) levels in hyperthyroid patients may also portend a poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Influence of nonthyroidal illnesses on serum thyroid hormone indices in hyperthyroidism. 688 Jan 82

Antithrombin III is of potential value for replacement therapy in patients with acquired or congenital deficiencies. Pasteurization of the purified inhibitor for 10 h at 60 degrees C can reduce the risk of transfusion hepatitis. Addition of appropriate stabilizers can largely prevent the loss of antithrombin activity which otherwise occurs during pasteurization. Studies of the mechanism of denaturation and stabilization have been facilitated by the use of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate which binds weakly to the inhibitor and whose fluorescence undergoes a sigmoidal response to increasing temperature. The extent of the increase in 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate fluorescence correlates roughly with the loss of antithrombin activity and with the extent of protein aggregation as determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. The midpoint, Td, of the thermal denaturation curve increases by 13 degrees C and 19 degrees C in the presence of 0.5 M and 1.0 M sodium citrate, respectively. Phosphate, sulfate, and EDTA are also strong stabilizers while the chaotropic anions, iodide and thiocyanate are potent destabilizers. Heparin at 10 mg/ml increases Td by 7 degrees C, presumably through a direct binding mechanism; chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid have no effect. Samples pasteurized for 10 h at 60 degrees C in the presence of 0.5 M and 1.0 M citrate retain essentially full activity but exhibit evidence of minor alterations in their interaction with heparin.
 ...
PMID:Thermal denaturation of antithrombin III. Stabilization by heparin and lyotropic anions. 729 49

In order to search for anti-hepatitis drugs, we synthesized a series of eight- and nine-membered cyclic disulfides (1) and six- and seven-membered cyclic sulfides (2) and evaluated them for ability to reduce mortality in the model of acute hepatic failure induced by Propionibacterium acnes-lipopolysaccharide in mice. Compounds 1 were synthesized by oxidative cyclization of the corresponding dithiol derivatives (3) with diethyl bromomalonate or iodine. Compounds 2 were prepared from the methyl esters of 1 by desulfurization with tris(diethylamino)phosphine followed by deprotection. Compounds 1 were generally found to be more active than compounds 2. Compound 1b (SA3443) was found to exhibit potent protective activity. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Synthesis and pharmacological activities of novel cyclic disulfide and cyclic sulfide derivatives as hepatoprotective agents. 837 Jan 7


1 2 3 Next >>