Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In early hepatic fibrosis, increased amounts of type III collagen are deposited. Persistently high serum concentrations of aminoterminal type III procollagen propeptide (PIIIP) correlate with the activity of the fibrogenic process. Another index for the detection of fibrosis, the PGA index, combines the prothrombin time, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, and serum apolipoprotein A1 concentration (the latter falls with progressive fibrosis). We compared PIIIP measurements and PGA index in patients with various histological forms of alcoholic liver disease (104), primary biliary cirrhosis (38), and chronic B virus hepatitis (27), and in healthy age-matched controls (30). The ability of each test to identify correctly patients with fibrosis or cirrhosis was assessed with receiver operating curves. The PGA index was much higher in all groups of patients with alcoholic liver disease than in controls (p < 0.0001). PIIIP concentrations were also substantially higher than in controls (p < 0.05 for fatty liver, p < 0.0001 for all other groups), especially in the group with alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. For the detection of cirrhosis the PGA was 91% sensitive and 81% specific and the PIIIP concentration was 94% sensitive and 81% specific. The two tests combined had 85% sensitivity, but 93% specificity. Among patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, both PGA index and PIIIP concentration correlated well with the severity of the disease, determined by the Mayo score (r = 0.72 and 0.66 respectively). The combined tests were 96% sensitive for the detection of fibrosis. All patients with chronic B virus hepatitis had raised PGA and PIIIP values in comparison with controls (p < 0.0001) but there were no differences between subgroups. Substantially raised PIIIP concentrations thus identify the subgroup of alcoholic patients with both hepatitis and cirrhosis. The combination of PGA index and PIIIP concentration may be useful for targeting treatment with antifibrotic drugs and to reduce the need for liver biopsy.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of serum procollagen III peptide concentrations and PGA index for assessment of hepatic fibrosis. 790 68

We surveyed over a 5-year period liver abnormalities in all patients with collagen-vascular disorders in whom liver histology was obtained, including 46 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, primary Sjogren's syndrome, periarteritis nodosa, mixed cryoglobulinemia, Wegener's granulomatosis, systemic sclerosis, and other conditions. Histological appearances diagnostic of the primary condition were only found in three patients, each of whom had periarteritis nodosa. Significant chronic liver disease was found in 11 patients (24%), in five of whom a strong clinical suspicion of severe chronic liver disease already existed. Clinically inapparent but potentially significant chronic liver disease was found predominantly in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia or sicca syndrome. Seventeen percent of all biopsies suggested drug induced hepatitis. In patients with collagen-vascular diseases and abnormal liver function tests, histological examination of the liver is most frequently of value in indicating drug-induced liver damage. Significant chronic liver disease is common but usually clinically apparent. In patients with periarteritis nodosa and mixed cryoglobulinemia, liver biopsy may be of value diagnostically, revealing serious liver disease with prognostic and therapeutic implications.
 ...
PMID:Clinical implications of liver biopsy findings in collagen-vascular disorders. 822 83

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of interferon-alpha on liver fibrosis with an established quantitative histochemical method for determining collagen as a marker. 59 patients (31 men, 28 women; 47 +/- 14 yr) with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis (92% with hepatitis C virus antibody) received subcutaneous injections of 3 or 1 MU recombinant interferon-alpha 2b or placebo thrice weekly for 24 wk. Needle-biopsy sections taken before and after interferon treatment were examined for histological evaluation and collagen quantitation. Values were compared with results obtained by means of morphometrical analysis of liver collagen and Knodell scoring histological index. The index of periportal and/or bridging necrosis was the only component of Knodell's histological score significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in patients treated with 3 MU interferon compared with placebo-treated controls. The fibrosis score was not significantly changed. In contrast, liver total collagen variations measured colorimetrically and morphometrically were significantly decreased in patients treated with 3 MU and 1 MU compared with the increase observed in the placebo-treated controls (p < 0.05). From these results, we conclude that a 6-mo course of 3 MU or 1 MU interferon-alpha 2b causes slight but nonetheless significant regression of liver fibrosis as assessed on the basis of quantitative estimation of liver collagen, irrespective of other response criteria, whereas progression of liver fibrosis can be observed in the absence of treatment.
 ...
PMID:Interferon-alpha 2b therapy reduces liver fibrosis in chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: a quantitative histological evaluation. 824 59

Content of lipids in blood serum and membranes of liver tissue endoplasmic reticulum, functional activity of microsomes, antitoxic activity of liver tissue as well as collagen production in rat liver tissue were studied in experimental hepatitis after administration of exogenous lipids (equine erythrocyte phospholipids and ganglioside GM3, bovine spinal cord phospholipids). All the preparations studied inhibited the functional activity of the liver cells which was expressed as a decrease of the lipids content in the microsomes, inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and impairment of the liver tissue antitoxic functions. Distinct inhibition of these reactions caused an increase of the collagen content in the liver tissue.
 ...
PMID:[The effect of exogenous lipids on the functional activity of the liver in experimental hepatitis]. 849 69

We examined 95 ground squirrels to compare the histological appearance of liver sections from animals that were chronically infected with ground squirrel hepatitis virus (GSHV) (n = 29), uninfected (n = 42), or had recovered from infection (n = 24). We studied the effects of long-term infection because these animals had been infected with GSHV for up to 10 years. Chronic infection generally produced a mild, persistent hepatitis characterized by light lymphocytic and plasmacytic portal infiltrates with occasional individual necrotic hepatocytes and small aggregates of Kupffer cells or mononuclear inflammatory cells in the parenchyma. In a few of the portal tracts from each of the more inflamed livers (grade 2), the inflammatory infiltrate penetrated the limiting plate and extended into the adjacent parenchyma. Hepatitis (grades 1 or 2) was detected more often in chronically infected animals (17 of 29) than in recovered (4 of 24) or uninfected ground squirrels (7 of 42). Fibrosis was generally not increased, but fine strands of collagen extended from the portal tracts and central veins into the parenchyma of about one quarter of the infected and recovered animals. Cytoplasmic pigment accumulation and variation in the size of hepatocyte nuclei appeared to be related to aging, not infection. Serum levels of aspartate and alanine transaminases (AST and ALT) were mildly elevated in samples from seven infected animals compared with seven control animals. Despite many years of chronic infection, liver injury was similar to that reported in previous studies on animals infected for shorter intervals, indicating that liver injury is not progressive in GSHV-infected ground squirrels.
 ...
PMID:Non-neoplastic liver disease associated with chronic ground squirrel hepatitis virus infection. 867 46

An experimental acute liver injury model can be produced by the injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) pretreated rats. The massive liver cell necrosis is estimated by elevation of serum transaminase activities. In this study, we produced this necrosis in an in vitro model by using primary co-cultured rat liver cells. A novel method for the preparation of spheroids consisting of P. acnes pretreated parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cells has been successfully developed quickly by the rotary culture system within 24 hr although it takes 7 days to form the spheroid using a collagen-conjugated thermo-responsive polymer such as a cell substratum. Clear elevations of transaminase activities, TNF-alpha and CINC-1/gro/KC leaked from these spheroids into the medium caused by the exposure of 10 microgram/ml LPS for 48 hr were observed. These results suggest that this rotary co-culture system of rat liver cells is a useful model as an alternative to animal tests for fulminant hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Rapid formation of multicellular spheroids composed of Propionibacterium acnes pretreated adult rat liver cells by rotary culture and their immunological properties. 874 84

The LEC rat is a mutant strain displaying hereditary hepatitis, and shows abnormal accumulation of copper (Cu) similar to that occurring in Wilson's disease. We prepared a multicellular spheroid composed of LEC rat liver cells to investigate the mechanism for abnormal accumulation of Cu. These multicellular spheroids were prepared by detaching the monolayer on the collagen-conjugated thermo-responsive polymer coated culture dish at a temperature below the critical solution temperature and culturing on the non-adhesive substratum. Long-term cultured spheroids of LEC rat liver cells as well as SD rat liver cells were attempted. Non-parenchymal cells obtained by collagenase perfusion from the LEC liver were fewer than those from the SD liver. Cells from the LEC rat, over 11 weeks of age, did not form a cell sheet; however, a mixture of parenchymal cells from LEC rats over aged 11 weeks and non-parenchymal cells from SD rats of any age yielded intact spheroids. We examined the toxicity, the accumulation and distribution of Cu in spheroids. The accumulation of Cu in LEC spheroids was higher than that in SD spheroids. Results suggest that spheroids consisting of LEC liver cells are useful as an alternative model to in vivo tests to investigate the mechanism for abnormal accumulation of Cu in liver.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal hepatic copper accumulation of spheroid composed of liver cells from LEC rats in vitro. 874 89

In chronic hepatitis induced by long-term CCl4 administration to rats, there was largely an increase in the formation of malonic dialdehyde and Schiff bases, an elevation of glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in collagen fractions, and proliferation of hepatic fibrous tissue. Therapy of CCl4-induced hepatitis with the hepatoprotective antioxidants essentiale and legalone led to decreases in the rate of lipid peroxidation, the production of glycosaminoglycans and collagen and to morphological manifestations of hepatic fibrosis. There was a moderate correlation between the indices of lipid peroxidation and hepatic fibrosis.
 ...
PMID:[Role of lipid peroxidation in the mechanism of proliferation of hepatic fibrous tissue in experimental chronic hepatitis]. 875 46

A 51-year-old woman complained of hoarseness of two years duration. The patient's past medical history was significant for autoimmunological hepatitis and arthritis for which she had not received treatment. Laryngoscopy and laryngeal stroboscopy revealed 'bamboo joint-like nodules' on both true vocal folds. These nodules resembled rheumatoid nodules and were suggestive of a collagen disease. Previous reports have documented that the treatment for such conditions related to collagen diseases is surgical resection. However, we initially attempted to treat the laryngeal lesions systemically with prednisolone. The hoarseness and the bamboo-like nodules disappeared six months after the treatment. Furthermore, the liver function test returned to normal and arthritis completely resolved. Based on our patient's response to this treatment, we diagnosed atypical-SLE and a lupus laryngitis. This case suggests that studies of the larynx may be helpful in the early diagnosis of collagan diseases and that such conditions may respond to systemic treatment.
 ...
PMID:Hoarseness as the initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. 876 23

Anti-centromere antibody (ACA) have been recognized in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and CREST syndrome. The major reactive antigen of ACA have been identified as CENP-B (80kDa). Using an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) method and ELISA method, we detected ACA and anti-CENP-B antibody in patients with PBC and various liver diseases and collagen diseases. We tested sera of 44 patients with PBC, 8 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), 51 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CH-B), 312 patients with chronic hepatitis C(CH-C), 12 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), 10 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 30 with healthy subjects (HS). ACA was detected by IIF technique, using HEp-2 cell and fluoro-CENTRO slides (MBL) as substrates. Anti-CENP-B antibody was detected by ELISA method using recombinant CENP-B (MBL) as the antigen. ACA was detected in sera of 12 (27%) patients with PBC, two (25%) patients with AIH, five (2%) patients with CH-C, nine (75%) patients with PSS, and one (10%) patients with RA. ACA was not detected in sera of patients with CH-B and SLE and in HS. The results of IIF test for ACA, using HEp -2 cells and fluoro-CENTRO slides, were completely agreed. Anti-CENP-B antibody was detected in 28(97%) out of 29 patients sera positive for ACA. The titers of ACA and anti-CENP-B antibody did not show a correlation (r = 0.24). Out of 12 sera, in which, the titers of anti-CENP-B antibody was over 400. Among them, eight were patients with PBC and four were PSS. Later, out of four patients with PSS, three (75%) were found to be positive for anti-mitochondrial antibody. Out of five patients, in which the titer of anti-CENP-B antibody showed over 800, all were patients with PBC. The titers of ACA have no relationship with PBC. However, the titers of anti-CENP-B antibody have closed relationship with PBC. The reason why the titers of ACA and anti-CENP-B antibody were not correlated is unknown. We consider anti-CENP-B antibody is a new marker of a subset of PBC, because almost all the patients were PBC when this antibody showed over 400.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical significance of anti-centromere antibody and anti-CENP-B antibody in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis]. 891 Oct 74


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>