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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of human chorionic gonadotropin on the proliferation of hepatocyte organelles in the normal and pathologically changed rat liver were studied and compared. Hepatitis was induced by 20-fold infusion of CCl4. The electron microscopy data obtained immediately, 12 and 48 hours after one or two injections of the hormone were assessed by morphometry with the use of regression analysis. It was disclosed that application of chorionic hormone entailed the augmentation of granular and agranular reticulum proliferation in hepatocytes. The sick and normal animals manifested differences in the time course and activity of the proliferation.
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PMID:[Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on proliferation of hepatocyte organelles of normal and pathologically altered rat livers]. 729 52

The main scientific direction of the Laboratory is the development of new biochemical technologies for obtaining various biopreparations based on animal and plant raw materials, especially on that of the sea organisms. Fundamental investigations of the preparations of animal and microorganism hydrolysis have enabled the researchers to develop technologies for obtaining Str. griseus and Ceph. acremonium proteolytic complexes and to study their properties for the latter could be used as reagents in chemistry of proteins. Immobilized polyenzyme systems of proteases with silicagel and activated carbon fibre material as a matrix were created on the basis of investigations of immobilized enzymes. The advantages of immobilized biocatalysts possessing highest stability and a possibility of repeated application are described. Biotechnological isolation of bioactive preparations (BAP) of lipid-protein nature that are the structure components of cells membranes is the key problem at present. Biochemical principles of BAP metabolisms regulation in cell membranes and the role of the obtained biopreparations in correction of pathological conditions are also studied. These investigations promoted development of technologies for two new biopreparations from sea organisms (Calmar's gonades) for medicine. The first one is a set of surface active phospholipids and the second one is a set of nucleopeptides affecting the secretion of sex hormones. It has been found that surface active preparations show an antioxidative and membrane-stabilizing properties as well. It has also been shown that the preparation corrects the effect of pathology conditions in case of experimental hepatitis-induced by CCl4. The preparation influences the antioxidative system and thus the rate of lipid peroxidation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Laboratory of technology of biopreparations]. 757 Oct 71

Oxidative stress, with reactive oxygen intermediate formation, may represent a common mechanism by which liver injury is induced by diverse etiologies. Oxidative stress enhances nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activity, and NF-kappa B activity has been shown to enhance the expression of cytotoxic cytokines. Acute hepatic injury caused by reactive oxygen intermediate production was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 in mice. This injury was significantly inhibited by intravenous pretreatment of the mice with a water-soluble emulsion of alpha-tocopherol. Alpha-tocopherol treatment of the mice given the CCl4 also reduced the NF-kappa B binding to levels approaching those found in normal mice. In vitro treatment of a monocyte/macrophage cell line with CCl4 led to enhanced NF-kappa B binding and an increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) messenger RNA levels. Liver specimens taken from patients with acute fulminant hepatitis had markedly increased NF-kappa B binding activity in comparison with the binding of normal livers. These data demonstrate that abolishing acute hepatic injury with alpha-tocopherol, a free radical scavenger, also eliminated increased NF-kappa B binding. It is tempting to speculate that enhanced NF-kappa B expression caused by free radical production/oxidative stress may modulate liver injury, perhaps through an effect on cytotoxic cytokine synthesis.
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PMID:Vitamin E therapy of acute CCl4-induced hepatic injury in mice is associated with inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B binding. 759 Jun 66

The survival rate for acute hepatic failure induced by Propionibacterium acnes and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was increased when a hot water extract from the flowers of Inula britannica L. subsp. japonica Kitam. was injected into the experimental hepatitis mice, and anti-hepatitis substances could be extracted with CHCl3. The CHCl3 extract from I.britannica was fractionated and anti-hepatitis fractions IB-3-2 and IB-3-3 were obtained. IB-3-3 had the most potent anti-hepatitis activity among the fractions but further purification of the active compound was not achieved because of the low yield. IB-3-2 contained only one substance which was identified to be taraxasteryl acetate by 1H- and 13C-NMR and MS. Taraxasteryl acetate showed potent preventive activity against acute hepatic failure induced by P.acnes and LPS in a dose-dependent manner, however deacetylation and modification of the olefinic bonds significantly decreased the anti-hepatitis activity of taraxasteryl acetate. Taraxasteryl acetate also inhibited the increment of plasma transaminase on acute hepatic failure induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or D-galactosamine. From a histological study it appeared that degeneration and necrosis, which were observed in the liver from CCl4 mice, were not found in the liver cells from taraxasteryl acetate treated mice. These results indicates that taraxasteryl acetate shows preventive effects on experimental hepatitis caused by either immunologically induced injuries or hepatotoxic chemicals.
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PMID:Preventive effect of taraxasteryl acetate from Inula britannica subsp. japonica on experimental hepatitis in vivo. 1725 90

Pathological iron deposition in liver is often found in various liver diseases. The deposited iron is thought to be one of the most important factor of liver cell injury, not only in hemochromotosis but also in cirrhosis following hepatitis virus B or C infection. To investigate the influence of the deposited iron on damage and regeneration of hepatocyte, primary cultured hepatocytes obtained from carbonyl iron-loaded rats were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the presence or absence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Although the section of liver from carbonyl iron-loaded rats showed no necrosis and fibrosis, iron-loaded hepatocytes contained about twofold more iron than control. The damage of iron-loaded hepatocytes induced by CCl4 was more serious than that of control, and HGF decreased this injury only in iron-loaded hepatocytes but not in control. There is no difference in DNA synthesis stimulated by HGF between iron-loaded hepatocytes and control. These findings suggest that the pathological iron deposition induces the fragility of hepatocyte and that cytoprotective effect of HGF is induced by this pathological iron.
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PMID:[An experimental study on the protective effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for the primary cultured hepatocytes obtained from iron-loaded rats]. 774 74

CCl4 given to Chinchilla rabbits aged 1 month caused impaired pharmacokinetics of cardiogrin, indicating suppression of absorptive and excretory functions of the liver in prepuberty. Silibor was found to produce no substantial restorative effects on hepatic absorptive and excretory functions in acute toxic hepatitis in the growing body. Phytin was shown to be not inferior to zyxorin and benzonal was superior to all the agents under study in activity.
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PMID:[A comparative study of the effect of hepatoprotectors and inducers on cardiogreen pharmacokinetics in acute toxic hepatitis in the prepuberty period]. 775 67

We have previously reported that the endocytosis of rat plasma kallikrein (RPK) by hepatocytes is a calcium-independent and beta-galactoside-dependent mechanism. We now report the clearance of RPK by the liver of four groups of rats: normal, inflamed (48 h ex-turpentine) and two groups chronically treated with CCl4 (52 mg/kg per week, intragastrically, for 9-12 weeks). Each liver was isolated, exsanguinated and perfused at 37 degrees C with 30 mL of BSA-Krebs-Henseleit-bicarbonate medium containing 10 nmol/L RPK. Although all rats received the same mild CCl4 treatment, the liver histology showed that they evolved either to severe hepatitis (serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT] 4852 +/- 885 U/L, parenchymatous necrosis in the perivenous region) or to compensated cirrhosis (serum ALT 209 +/- 42 U/L, vigorous fibrous encircling regeneration nodules); neither jaundice nor ascites was noted. The results show that serum albumin was not altered among the groups and that: the acute-phase response by itself (inflamed group) increased RPK clearance rate (3.01 +/- 0.59 mL/min) as compared with the normal group (1.85 +/- 0.14 mL/min); the CCl4 treatment, although induced an acute-phase response, decreased (P < 0.01) RPK clearance rates (0.80 +/- 0.11 mL/min hepatitis group and 0.98 +/- 0.10 mL/min cirrhosis group). These findings suggest that the hepatic clearance rate of plasma kallikrein is an early indicator of liver injury.
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PMID:Plasma kallikrein clearance by the liver of chronic carbon tetrachloride-treated rats. 778 62

Mild grade of liver damage was produced in mice by repeated subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride. These mice along with saline treated mice were challenged with an avirulent vaccine strain of BCG (Phipps), intravenously. The CCl4 treated, BCG challenged mice developed disease and died much earlier than the controls, indicating an increased susceptibility to the avirulent strain in mice with mild hepatitis.
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PMID:Changes in the virulence of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG Phipps) in carbon tetrachloride treated mice. 785 66

Antioxidative effect of phospholipid complex from the sea organisms (preparation "Kalmofil") is observed comparatively with other phospholipid fractions of animal and plant origin. Most antioxidative action of the phospholipid complex from Mollusca (preparation "Kalmofil") on the nonenzymatic LPO reactions in vitro is established. Analogous fractions from different functional animal tissues have not such influence. Application of "Kalmofil" in vivo under experimental rat hepatitis provoked by CCl4 has a corrective effect on both nonenzymatic and Fe(2+)- and NADP.H-depending LPO reactions. This preparation decreases toxic influence of CCl4 and improves antioxidative system of rat hepatocytes.
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PMID:[Antioxidant effect of a phospholipid complex isolated from marine organisms]. 787 94

Effects of single doses of kumari asav, kumari kalp, arogyavardhini and tamra bhasma on lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase) of rat liver and kidney were studied during hepatitis induced by single 0.3 ml/kg body wt dose of CCl4. Histologically all the drugs showed significant hepatoprotection. While acid phosphatase activities of liver and kidney were suppressed, activities of beta-glucuronidase were enhanced by these drugs. The results indicate that acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase behave differently, although they are lysosomal in nature.
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PMID:Effect of hepatoprotective ayurvedic drugs on lysosomal enzymes during hepatic injury induced by single dose of CCl4. 792 26


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