Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-nine colorectal cancer patients with metastatic liver cancer who underwent intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy (IAIC) at the National Cancer Center Hospital from May 1986 to February 1989 were reviewed. Excisions of metastatic liver cancer were performed in 36 patients and 23 had nonresectable metastatic liver cancer. Catheter troubles, including severe infections (8), extravasations (3), obstruction (1) and other (1) occurred in 13 (22.0%) patients, and 6 patients (10.2%) were unable to receive IAIC. Three patients did not undergo IAIC because of hepatitis or other reasons. Serious complications following IAIC, including sclerosing cholangitis (SC) (6), extravasations (6) and obstructions (3) were observed in 15 patients (30.0%). 5-Flourouracil (5-FU) (700 mg/m2) and mitomycin C (MMC) (7 mg/m2) were infused through implantable pumps weekly or every two weeks. Total infused doses of 5-FU ranged from 7,000 to 26,250 mg (mean: 11,800 + 7,700 mg) and those of MMC from 24 to 84 mg (mean: 45.3 + 25.8 mg) in 6 patients (12%) with SC, 4 resectable and 2 non-resectable cases. All six patients with SC had cholangiographic abnormalities of the biliary tract by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), but serial CT examination of the liver did not show any progression of the tumor at the hilum in these patients. Segmental stricture at the common hepatic duct and bifurcation appeared specific to IA-5-FU induced SC. Obstructive jaundice occurred in 3 patients. Four patients had epigastralgia and 3 exhibited elevated alkaline phosphatase level prior to the cholangiographic examination. The elevated level of alkaline phosphatase was reversible in one patient without obstructive jaundice. Although the relation of the sclerosing process to IA-5-FU dose is not yet clear as well as IA-FUDR, it should be important to make an early detection of SC by ERCP and also to discontinue IAIC as soon as possible. In our opinion, SC may relate to the arterial delivery of 5-FU. In order to prevent SC, devascularization of the right hepatic artery via surgical procedures may well be effective, because retrograde flow from the right hepatic artery was confirmed by several clinical and anatomical studies.
 ...
PMID:[Complications of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastasis, with special reference to IA-5-FU induced sclerosing cholangitis]. 250 36

Hepatitis Non A Non B is the commonest type of sporadic hepatitis in Pakistan. To document its clinicopathological pattern, one hundred consecutive cases were studied. The clinical presentation indicates that it is a disease of mild severity presenting with anorexia and dark coloured urine. The rise in serum bilirubin transaminases and alkaline phosphatase is moderate. Monophasic pattern of transaminase elevation is seen. Chronic sequelae do not occur. The disease shows certain differences from western countries and Japan. It resembles hepatitis A. The possibility that it is caused by a closely related virus may have to be considered.
 ...
PMID:Acute sporadic hepatitis non A non B clinical features and biochemical profile. 251 32

The differentiation between extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and neonatal hepatitis (NH) was studied in 53 Thai infants (39 males, 14 females) with obstructive cholangiopathy at the Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj hospital. Prevalence of EHBA was 25 per cent (13 of 15) overall. A higher prevalence of EHBA was found in females (8 of 13) while a higher prevalence of NH occurred in males (34 of 40). No difference was demonstrated in serum conjugated and total bilirubin, SGOT or alkaline phosphatase between EHBA and NH groups. The EHBA group had a significantly higher mean serum GGTP (184 +/- 77 IU/L) than the NH group (58 +/- 40 IU/L). The diagnostic usefulness of GGTP was confirmed, but variation in laboratory measurements could limit its generalizability.
 ...
PMID:Use of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to differentiate between extrahepatic biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis. 257 63

The activity of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV was studied in the sera of 378 hospitalized patients. The mean activity of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV was elevated significantly in patients with neoplasmata and hepatitis, but not in patients with liver cirrhosis. Significant correlations (p less than 0.001) existed with gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase. A significant correlation with lactate dehydrogenase existed only in patients with neoplasmata. Principal component analysis, performed with aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV, revealed correlations between the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and between alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase, but neither dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV nor lactate dehydrogenase showed any correlation with either of these two groups. In lectin affinity chromatography with concanavalin A and wheat germ lectin sepharose, serum dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV from liver cirrhosis patients showed the same binding pattern as that from healthy subjects. The activity and glycosylation of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in serum and hepatic plasma membranes was investigated in rats, following the induction of hepatitis with galactosamine. In the serum, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV activity was elevated as early as 6 h after galactosamine injection, and the elevated activity persisted until the 7th day. At the same time dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV activity was also elevated in the hepatic plasma membrane. Ninety eight percent of hepatic dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV bound to concanavalin A as well as to wheat germ lectin and this value was unchanged during hepatitis. In the serum of control rats, 90% of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV bound to concanavalin A but only 39% to wheat germ lectin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in hospitalized patients and in galactosamine hepatitis of the rat: Activity and lectin affinity chromatography in serum and hepatic plasma membranes]. 257 17

Over a period of 16 years (1971-87) all cases of chronic active hepatitis (CAH) diagnosed following liver biopsy have been reviewed to assess incidence, aetiology, outcome and response to treatment. North Tees District serves a population of 210,000 and 26 cases were identified (20 female) age range 9-73 years (median 56 years). Incidence remained constant at 1:100,000/year. Twenty cases (77%) had an immune aetiology. Other aetiologies were hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, alpha-1AT deficiency, non-A non-B hepatitis and a complex multisystem disease. The median follow-up period was 50 months. There were 7 deaths, three unrelated to liver disease. Survival analysis gives an 86% 5-year survival and 56% 10-year survival. Twenty four patients were treated with steroids (and 6 additionally with azathioprine); 15 (63%) were steroid responsive and 9 were non-responsive. In five patients steroids were successfully discontinued but in 10 patients severe symptomatic relapse occurred on steroid reduction below 7.5-10 mg/day. Steroid non-responders were not typical CAH, 5 with predominantly a rise in alkaline phosphatase, one multisystem disease and one HBV positive. Steroid discontinuation was only possible in one third of the patients responding. Eighteen subjects (69%) were cirrhotic at initial biopsy; 9 had follow-up biopsies, 6 were unchanged but three had progressed to cirrhosis despite apparent steroid responsiveness.
 ...
PMID:Chronic active hepatitis: a sixteen year survey at a district general hospital. 261 97

The study includes 108 patients with acute alcohol hepatitis, 45 patients with cholestasis and 124 healthy controls. In 14 patients (13%) cholestatic acute alcohol hepatitis was found. The patients with cholestatic acute alcohol hepatitis consumed considerably more alcohol than the other patients with acute alcohol hepatitis. The intensive jaundice led half of the patients with cholestatic acute alcohol hepatitis to the infectious diseases clinic and 32% of them to the surgical clinic. The course of the disease was heavy, with disturbed general condition, high temperature, pain in the right subcostal region but without itching. The patients showed higher levels of timol test, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, coefficient LDL/HDL-cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins, total lipids, gamma-GTP, ASAT and lower levels of leucocytes, bilirubin, SMC, alkaline phosphatase and LAP than the other patients with cholestasis. The patients with cholestatic acute alcohol hepatitis showed a higher level of total lipids and gamma-GTP than the other patients examined. The confirmation of the diagnosis implies the application of contemporary instrumental and invasive methods. The ultrasound examination is of special importance.
 ...
PMID:[The clinico-laboratory characteristics of the cholestatic form of acute alcoholic hepatitis]. 263 77

Thirty nine patients undergoing surgery for chronic pancreatitis were investigated for evidence of hepatobiliary disease. In addition to pre-operative assessment by liver function tests, ultrasound, ERCP (in 33) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (in five), all had peroperative liver biopsy. Common bile duct stenosis was diagnosed in 16 (62%) of the 26 patients with successful cholangiography. Features of extrahepatic biliary obstruction were found on biopsy in 11 patients, three of whom showed features of secondary sclerosing cholangitis. No patients had secondary biliary cirrhosis. Three had parenchymal liver disease (cirrhosis, resolving hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis respectively) and two others had features suggestive of previous alcohol-induced injury. Five (83%) of the patients with clinical jaundice had biopsy features of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, as did eight (67%) with alkaline phosphatase above twice normal and seven (44%) with radiological common bile duct stenosis. Neither alkaline phosphatase rise, nor common bile duct stenosis alone or in combination, were a reliable indication of the need for biliary enteric bypass surgery. Pre-operative liver biopsy may be a valuable adjunct in the assessment of such patients.
 ...
PMID:Hepatobiliary complications in chronic pancreatitis. 271 85

The mortality rate from hepatic failure after extensive resection should be negligible in the presence of normal results from preoperative liver function tests in patients without pre-existing hepatitis and cirrhosis. Despite conventionally acceptable results from preoperative hepatic function tests in 56 patients undergoing extensive hepatic resection for tumours (47 metastatic, six hepatomas and three adenomas), however, five patients died of hepatic failure. Among the many preoperative and intraoperative risk factors studied, the important factors in the group with hepatic failure were very high levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.05) in the presence of normal levels of bilirubin and large tumor, preoperative administration of chemotherapy, the presence of hepatomas rather than metastatic carcinoma (p = 0.083) and intraoperative blood loss of greater than 5,000 milliliters (p = 0.03). The patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy or those with hepatoma showed a minimal rise of alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.03) and a minimal regeneration of liver on computed tomographic (CT) scan after hepatic resection. In the group with hepatic failure, a consistent postoperative pattern of increasing bilirubin with normal or subnormal alkaline phosphatase levels corresponded with lack of regeneration of liver on repeated CT scans. Conversely, the pattern of decreasing bilirubin with reciprocal increase in alkaline phosphatase corresponded with hepatic regeneration on CT scan in the group of survivors. Thus, we observe that alkaline phosphatase is a good indicator of hepatic regeneration in the absence of jaundice in patients after hepatectomy. To avoid postoperative hepatic failure, we recommend more discriminant tests than conventional hepatic function tests in patients with large tumors associated with high alkaline phosphatase levels, preoperative chemotherapy and hepatoma even without pre-existing cirrhosis or hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Risk factors before hepatectomy, hepatic function after hepatectomy and computed tomographic changes as indicators of mortality from hepatic failure. 274 Sep 65

To further define the clinicopathologic features and determinants of survival, we reviewed the cases of 110 patients with primary hepatic malignancy managed surgically between 1975 and 1986. Presenting signs of symptoms were pain (57%), fatigue (48%), abdominal mass (40%), and weight loss (33%). Twenty-six percent of patients had a history of hepatitis or cirrhosis. Histopathologically, tumors were hepatocarcinoma (72%), fibrolamellar variant (7%), cholangiocarcinoma (9%), mixed (7%), and other (5%). Resectability rate with curative intention was 67%. Exploration and biopsy alone was performed in 27% and palliative resection in 6%. Hospital mortality was 9%, and serious morbidity was 22%. Perioperative morbidity and mortality were significantly associated with operative blood loss. Median survival was 12.6 months, with a 5-year survival of 18%. Median survival after curative resection was 22.8 months, and 5-year survival was 27%. Univariate analysis showed that female sex, normal performance status, well-differentiated tumor, and curative resection were associated with increased survival; cholangiocarcinoma, nodal metastases, cirrhosis, hypocalcemia, prolonged prothrombin time, and increased serum transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were associated with decreased survival. Cox multivariate analysis showed that curative resection, normal performance status, and well-differentiated tumors were associated with increased survival, and prolonged prothrombin time and hypocalcemia were associated with decreased survival.
 ...
PMID:Primary hepatic malignancy: surgical management and determinants of survival. 279 50

The authors report 16 cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in previously healthy adults. Constant features included pyrexia lasting 3 to 8 weeks and mononucleosis occurring 2-3 weeks after the onset of fever. Moderate hepatomegaly without jaundice, splenomegaly and morbilliform or petechial rush were observed in 30 to 50 p. 100 of cases. None had pharyngitis. Mild increase in serum transaminase activity (2 to 5 N) was present in 13 of the 16 patients, but increased alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in only 3 of them. Liver biopsy was obtained in 10 patients. Liver lesions were characterised by the association of intra lobular granuloma, abundant mononuclear cells in the sinusoids and hepatic peri-venous inflammation but hepatocellular necrosis was not prominent. Typical intracellular inclusions were not seen, either in hepatocytes or in cells of biliary ducts. The diagnosis was ascertained by positive viremia and or viruria and presence of IgM antibodies. The outcome was favourable although clinical and biological signs lasted for about 8 weeks. The authors conclude that adults with chronic pyrexia, no pharyngitis and sub-clinical hepatitis with mild increases in transaminase activity and histologic mononucleosis hepatitis showing mononuclear infiltrates and granuloma formation are likely to have CMV disease.
 ...
PMID:[Granulomatous hepatitis in cytomegalovirus infection in healthy adults]. 282 62


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>