Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

'Ausria II' polystyrene beads (Abbott Labs, N. Chicago) are reacted with woodchuck serum positive for WHsAg in a dilution predetermined by titration. This modified bead is used in a blocking assay to detect the presence of antibody to the surface antigen of woodchuck hepatitis virus (anti-WHs). Serum containing woodchuck anti-WHs and commercial horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled anti-HBs are sequentially added. A drop in optical density at 492 nm of 50% or more due to the blocking of HRP conjugated anti-HBs by anti-WHs compared with a control (negative woodchuck serum) is a measure of anti-WHs. The ease and simplicity of converting readily available 'Ausria II' beads to specific reagents for detecting anti-WHs should be welcomed by investigators studying WHV. The method described is both sensitive and reproducible.
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PMID:The hybrid EIA test: a specific and sensitive assay for the detection of woodchuck antibody to hepatitis surface antigen (anti-WHs). 339 3

National Institute of Preventive Medicine (NIPM) has succeeded in the development of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen. The sandwich principle was used for the test. Guinea pig anti-HBs IgG was used for coating microtiter plates and Horseradish peroxidase was conjugated with goat specific anti-HBs. Its stability is longer than 4 months. The lowest detectable dose is 0.7 ng/ml or better for subtype ad of HBsAg tested with Hepatitis Sensitivity Panel, Bureau of Drug and Food, Department of Health. The regression curve was determined by testing 66 samples with Auszyme II (EIA Kit. Abbott Lab.) and NIPM Kit, while Auszyme II used as a reference kit. The two EIA kits correlated well with a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.86. Evaluation on 1,157 patients' and officers' serum samples in Tri-Service General Hospital showed that the positive rate was 24.7% (286/1,157) by RIA (Clinical Assays, Travenol Lab., USA) and that of NIPM EIA Kit was 24.4% (282/1,157). There was no statistical significance in terms of positive rate (p greater than 0.05). The positive rates of 534 blood donors are 22.1% (118/534) and 21.9% (117/534) respectively. Another evaluation on 974 serum samples in National Taiwan University Hospital showed that the positive rate was 27.2% (265/974) by Ausria II-125 (RIA. Abbott Lab.) and that of NIPM EIA Kit was 27.4% (267/974). The undetectable rate and false positive rate of NIPM EIA Kit were 0.41% (4/974) and 0.62% (6/974) respectively. In comparison with four other kind of commercial EIA Kits, the results of NIPM EIA Kit were satisfactory also. We have scaled up the reagent preparations for the kit, except the antibody coated microtiter plate preparation. At the end of March 1985 we will supply 850 EIA kits for the Development Center for Biotechnology for their hepatitis B vaccine production program.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of a domestically prepared enzyme immunoassay kit for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen]. 389 43

Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was measured by radioimmunoassay using CORAB (Abbott Laboratories) in 10 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 46 cases of chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), 33 cases of liver cirrhosis (LC) and 53 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in relation to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its antibody (anti-HBs). Ninety-eight point four percent of patients with HBsAg and 93.8% of patients with anti-HBs were positive for anti-HBc and the titers of anti-HBc in patients with HBsAg were significantly higher than those with anti-HBs. Thirty-five point five percent of patients negative for either HBsAg or anti-HBs were positive for anti-HBc. The titers of anti-HBc in patients with CPH, CAH and LC were relatively low, whereas 7 (46.8%) of the HCC patients negative for either HBsAg or anti-HBc had high titers of anti-HBc. The significance of the presence of anti-HBc alone is discussed.
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PMID:Determination of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen by radioimmunoassay in chronic liver disease. 625 99

Serum specimens from 12 patients with type A hepatitis were analyzed for immunoglobulin M-type antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HA). A recently developed solid-phase radioimmunoassay kit for IgM anti-HA (HAVAB-M, Abbott Laboratories) and a competitive binding radioimmunoassay kit (HAVAB, Abbott Laboratories) with or without 2-mercaptoethanol treatment, as modified by Yano et al. (Acta Hepatol. Jpn. 21, 704-712, 1980) were used to obtain an M-index. All specimens obtained within 60 days of the onset of illness and specimens from 2 of 4 patients later than 60 days after the onset were positive with the HAVAB-M test. This test gave negative results to sera which were positive for anti-HA by a standard HAVAB test in the following: 3 patients with type B hepatitis; 5 with non-A, non-B hepatitis; 11 healthy adults; and 10 sera strongly positive for rheumatoid factor. The M-index for type A hepatitis in sera within 30 days of the onset (mean value of the M-index, m, = 1.52; standard deviation, SD, = 0.25) was significantly higher than that for non-A hepatitis (m = 1.05; SD = 0.15) and for healthy adults (m = 1.02; SD = 0.10). The simplicity and usefulness of the HAVAB-M test in diagnosis of acute type A hepatitis over those measuring the M-index by HAVAB tests were shown by direct comparison of the results.
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PMID:Serodiagnosis of type A hepatitis by detection of immunoglobulin M-type antibody to hepatitis A virus. 626 62

A new microtitre enzyme-immunoassay (Organon Teknika ) to demonstrate HBe-antigen and anti-HBe was compared with a corresponding radioimmunoassay (RIA) of Abbott, on sera of patients with hepatitis-B and reference material. In a serial dilution of HBe-antigen reference preparation from the reference centre for hepatitis B in G ottingen , RIA was able to demonstrate HBe-antigen to a dilution of 1:1024, and the microtitre enzyme-immunoassay (Elisa) to 1:4096 (declaration of reference preparation: 1024 RIA units). In the anti-HBe reference preparation anti-HBe was demonstrated by Elisa to a dilution of 1:4096 and by RIA to 1:512. In tests on sera of patients with hepatitis B, Elisa was superior to RIA in demonstrating both HBe-antigen and anti-HBe. This advantage was particularly clear in the demonstration of anti-HBe. Using the Elisa system, either HBe-antigen or anti-HBe was demonstrated in the fourth week of illness in over 95% of patients. With RIA this result was achieved only in the eighth month after the onset of illness. According to the results obtained with the Elisa system, HBe-antigen is eliminated early and is quickly followed by anti-HBe, while according to results with RIA some time elapsed between the disappearance of HBe-antigen and the occurrence of anti-HBe. Elisa demonstrates high precision, both in a single test and also from test to test, and in this respect, too, it was not inferior to RIA. False-positive or non-reproducible positive reactions were very rare in both tests. These results indicate that Elisa is an alternative to RIA and, because of its higher sensitivity, is superior to RIA.
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PMID:[Demonstration of hepatitis Be antigen and anti-hepatitis Be with enzyme immunoassay in a microtiter system]. 637 20

An attempt was made to prepare enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The diagnostic reagents were prepared by the 'sandwich" principle in which polystyrene microtiter plates were used. Two-step glutaraldehyde coupling procedure was used for the preparation of antibody-peroxidase (horseradish) conjugate. Purified anti-HBs IgG fraction of guinea pig antisera was used for coating plates and for antibody-enzyme conjugate preparation. This method had been compared with Ausria II-125 (RIA, Abbott Lab.) in 423 government employees. Among 80 (18.9%) positive results six were inconsistent reactions by Ausria II-125. Only one of the six positive specimens was repeatedly positive and was confirmed by Auszyme II (EIA, Abbott Lab.). 14 out of the 343 (81.1%) negative results were positive reactions detected by Ausria II-125. A half of them was still negative detected by Auszyme II. The lowest detectable dose of our EIA, in which the Hepatitis Sensitivity Panel-5 (Abbott Lab.) was used and incubation period was set for 2 hr., was 3.2 ng/ml for ad subtype of HBsAg. While that of Auszyme II was 0.93 ng/ml.
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PMID:Preparation of enzyme immunoassay kit for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen. 637 51

Corzyme-MTM (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL), a newly introduced kit for the measurement of serum IgM antihepatitis B core antigen by enzyme immunoassay, was evaluated for the diagnosis of acute B-viral hepatitis (AVH-B). The study included 175 acute viral hepatitis patients with transient hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Sera from 160 were tested on multiple occasions until their HBsAg cleared. IgM anti-HBc was found in 171 of 175 patients (98.4%) during the acute phase. The serum samples from 42 patients with liver biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis, type B (CAH-B), and 18 patients with persistent hepatitis, type B (PH-B), were analyzed for the presence of IgM anti-HBc, using the same technic. None of the sera from 42 patients with CAH-B and only 2 of the 18 patients with PHB had IgM anti-HBc. Thus, the measuring IgM anti-HBc using Corzyme-M kit is helpful in the diagnosis of AVH-B and in the discrimination of acute from chronic HBV infections.
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PMID:Evaluation of enzyme immunoassay for anti-HBc IgM in the diagnosis of acute hepatitis B virus infection. 638 Feb 71

The diagnosis of acute Hepatitis A is made when antibodies anti-HAV, of the IgM class, are detected in the blood. The Authors have examined with RIA test (HAVAB-M, Abbott) 298 samples of serum from patients with acute non B hepatitis, non drug abusers, also they had not received blood transfusions; as control they examined 41 sera from patients with hepatitis B, 29 sera from patients with non B hepatitis and drug addiction, 25 sera from patients with transfusional non B hepatitis and 37 sera from healthy persons. From the first group (298 patients) 47% were positive for anti-HAV antibodies IgM class; the greatest incidence of positivity (80%) was detected in the class age 0-10 years. In the control groups only in one serum positivity was evidenced and the patient was 22 years old, drug addicted with non B acute hepatitis and with previous episodes of acute hepatitis.
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PMID:[Sero-epidemiologic studies of acute hepatitis A in Umbria: behavior of IgM anti-HAV antibodies]. 660 55

Woodchucks hepatitis virus (WHV)-associated antigens and antibodies were studied using current sensitive radio- or enzyme immunoassays (RIA, EIA). A significant cross-reactivity was observed between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and woodchuck hepatitis surface antigen (WHsAg) using RIA or EIA (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.) although not with two other commercial EIA tested (Organon Technika, Oss, The Netherlands; Behringwerke AG, Marburg, F.R.G.). A weak but significant reactivity was also found when woodchuck sera positive for WHsAg or anti-WHs by immunodiffusion were tested for HBeAg and anti-HBe by RIA, suggesting the existence of a WHeAg-anti-WHe system in infected woodchucks. The specificity of this e-anti-e reactivity in the woodchuck was further confirmed by successful absorption experiments. WHsAg and WHeAg could be distinguished serologically by immunodiffusion and separated from each other by ultracentrifugation and ammonium sulphate precipitation. A WHeAg preparation was used to boost the presumed natural antibody activity of an immune woodchuck. The specific anti-HBe response detected by RIA during the immunization experiments demonstrated the existence of a soluble WHeAg cross-reacting with the human HBe-anti-HBe system. This was confirmed in immunodiffusion by a partial identity between the precipitin lines formed by the WHeAg-anti-Whe and HBeAg-anti-HBe reaction. Whether the WHe-Ag-anti-WHe system wil mimick HBeAg and anti-HBe in all their clinico-pathological correlations, deserves further study.
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PMID:Use of the cross-reactivity with hepatitis B virus antigens and antibodies for the demonstration of a woodchuck hepatitis virus 'e' antigen-antibody system. 661 56

A combined hepatitis test (Ausria/Core, Abbott Laboratories, Wiesbaden, West Germany) detects hepatitis B surface antigen by radioimmunoassay and antibody to the core antigen by enzyme immunoassay using a single bead. It was found to have comparable sensitivity to commercially available tests from the same manufacturer for each component. Reproducibility was satisfactory for both components. The combined test is simpler and cheaper to perform than two separate tests.
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PMID:Trial of a combined test for the detection of HBsAg and anti-HBc. 664 31


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