Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The evaluation of frequency of HBag in 923 blood donors is given: the counterelectrophoresis demonstrates HBag positive cases in 1, 2% the radioimmunoassay (Ausria-125, Abbott) in 1, 5%. The haemagglutination (Hepanosticon, Organon) in 7 cases, which were negative with counterelectrophoresis, and positive with the radioimmunoassay, discovers HBAg in 3 cases. RIA method is more sensitive in the control of HBAg positive donors after two to three years, and in detecting of immuno complexes prepared in vitro. The titre of the antigen is 1000 times higher when made with RIA method, and up to 60 times higher when made with the method of haemagglutination than with the counterelectrophoresis. In 4 cases of hepatitis after transfusion of HBAg negative blood, determined with counterelectrophoresis, have been involved bottles, which were positive only with RIA Method. Austria II-125 (Abbott) method was comparatively tested with counterelectrophoresis on different groups--446 persons.
 ...
PMID:[Significance of radioimmune method for detection of HB antigen in blood donors]. 122 24

Hepatitis-B surface antigen was found in 58% of 64 patients with cirrhosis in Iraq using counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), radioimmunoassay (RIA), and three commercial haemagglutination tests--Auscell (Abbott Laboratories), Hepatest (Wellcome Reagents Ltd.), and Hepanosticon (Organon Teknika). CIE detected about half as many positives as the other methods; RIA was the most sensitive. The number of positive reactions was much higher than in any previously reported series of patients with cirrhosis and seven times higher than in a normal hospital control population.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis-B surface antigen and cirrhosis in Iraq. 126 82

The risk of contracting hepatitis B: (HBV) by health workers is widely accepted. In 1989 our Hepatology Service started a voluntary anti-HBV vaccination program, employing recombinant vaccine (SKF) by intramuscular route with a 0-1-6 month schedule after screening with antibody against the anti-core HBV antigen (AntiHBc Elisa Abbott). Initially, it was planned to monitor antibody titers against superficial antigen (Anti-HBs) 30 days after the last dose. An epidemiological form listing personal data, working area, profession, seniority, written consent for blood extraction and tentative acceptance of vaccination, was completed by 357 hospital staff members. After serological screening, only 184 (51%) workers agreed to receive vaccination. Given the paucity of volunteers, an attempt was made to explain this degree of reluctance by a randomized blind voluntary survey, to which 349 hospital staff members and 40 medical students replied. Questions were related to knowledge concerning vaccination in general, hepatitis and particularly hepatitis B, and specific anti-HBV vaccination. An appraisal of data gathered disclosed a considerable lack of information not only on the risk of HBV infection and its complications, but also on the existence of a suitable vaccine. Non-existent adverse effects of vaccination were mentioned, including AIDS (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome), hepatitis and cirrhosis, among others. To overcome this obstacle, we held a two-day workshop on hepatitis B prevention and prophylaxis intended for medical and ancillary staff. After the meeting, which were attended by 221 members, 48 individuals, comprising 25 physicians and 23 nurses, spontaneously requested to be vaccinated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Professional risk: hepatitis B. Vaccination strategies in a general hospital]. 129 85

The study was undertaken to obtain baseline information on the prevalence of markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among women of childbearing age and among children 6-18 years old residing in Tari District, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. Blood samples were collected from females of child-bearing age attending maternal and child health clinics within the surveillance area of the Tari Research Unit during September 1990. Serum samples were assayed for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using the Abbott Auszyme monoclonal enzyme immunoassay. All HBsAg-positive samples were tested for hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg). Selected HBsAg-negative samples were assayed for antibody to HBV core antigen (HBcAb, a marker of past infection). Selected HBcAb-positive samples were screened for antibody to HBeAg (HBeAb, a marker of very recent, resolving infection). A total of 106 samples were screened for the presence of HBsAg. 39 (36.8%) were found to be positive. Of these, 7 (17.9%) were HBeAg-positive. 65 of the 67 HBsAg-negative serum samples were screened for presence of HBcAb, and 49 (75.4%) were positive. 56 samples collected in the Benaria area were screened for the presence of HBsAg. 26 (46%) were positive. Of the 26 HBsAg positive samples, 17 (65%) were HBeAg positive. Sera from the 30 HBsAg-negative children were tested for the presence of HBcAb. 11 (37%) of these samples were positive for HBcAb. 7 (64%) of the 11 were positive for HBeAb. The percentage of the sample showing markers for resolved infection (i.e. HBsAg-ve/HBcAb + ve) was only 20%, of these, 64% (7/11) showed evidence for very recently resolved infection (i.e., were HBeAb-positive). Of the children negative for HBsAg, 37% (11/30) were positive for HBcAb. The age distribution data for this series suggest that the peak age for transmission is between 9 and 11 years; in this age group 50% of children studied were HBsAg-positive, and 31% were HBeAg-positive.
 ...
PMID:Markers of hepatitis B infection in Tari District, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. 129 22

The prevalence of hepatitis virus markers in patients with chronic liver diseases from two countries has been studied: 68 patients (38 alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis, 30 chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis) from Hungary as well as 109 patients (55 alcoholic liver disease, 45 chronic hepatitis or cryptogenic cirrhosis and 9 hepatoma) from Romania were examined for HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV and anti-HDV, using the corresponding Abbott Elisa test systems. In alcoholic liver disease HBsAg occurred in 6/38 patients from Hungary and in 22/55 patients respectively, that is HBV markers occurred with significantly higher frequency in alcoholic patients from Romania (p less than 0.05). In the Hungarian group a total of 36 patients were HBsAg positive and out of them 5 had anti-HDV (13.9%), while out of 21 Romania HBsAg carriers 10 patients had anti-HDV (47.6%). Among 9 hepatoma patients 4 had HBsAg, 6 anti-HBs and 7 anti-HBc and 4 had anti-HCV and 3 had anti-HDV. One patient with hepatoma had both HBsAg and anti-HCV plus anti-HDV as well. Results suggest that the infection with hepatitis viruses in alcoholic liver diseases is more common in Romania than in Hungary, and the prevalence of delta virus infection in HBV carriers is also significantly higher in Romania than in Hungary.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatitis virus (HBV, HCV, HDV) markers in chronic liver diseases. Comparative studies in two East-Central European countries]. 132 99

Serial serum samples from 35 patients with posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis in a prospective study were tested for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) by a multiple recombinant antigen based immunoassay [anti-HCV (2nd); Abbott]. Of them, 23 were positive for anti-C100, and 27 were positive for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. By anti-HCV (2nd), 28 patients were positive, and all except 1 of the 28 patients were positive for HCV RNA. A total of 24 patients, who became HCV RNA positive at the acute stage and who were negative for both anti-C100 and anti-HCV (2nd) before transfusion, were considered to have posttransfusion hepatitis C. The mean time to seroconversion for anti-HCV (2nd) was 7.5 or 12.1 weeks after the onset of hepatitis or the date of transfusion, respectively, and was generally 6 weeks earlier than that detected by anti-C100. However, seroconversion was delayed in 2 hepatitis B surface antigen carriers as compared with anti-C100. The anti-C100 assay detected 20 (83%) and the anti-HCV (2nd) all 24 patients with documented posttransfusion hepatitis C. The second-generation test is, therefore, better than conventional anti-C100 for the early diagnosis of HCV infection.
 ...
PMID:Improved serodiagnosis of posttransfusion hepatitis C virus infection by a second-generation immunoassay based on multiple recombinant antigens. 137 79

Recently, identification and molecular cloning of a host cellular gene designated GOR from chimpanzees experimentally infected with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) agent was reported. It was further demonstrated that there is a close association between the immune response to an antigenic peptide of GOR (GOR2) and NANBH. In order to define the specificity of the immune response, in the present study we have identified an additional epitope in the GOR gene sequence, upstream from GOR2, and studied its correlation with the immune response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in NANBH patients. An enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) was developed which utilizes synthetic peptides designated spGOR346 and spGOR2 as the serological target for the detection of anti-GOR antibodies in patient serum samples from various hepatic and non-hepatic disease categories. GOR peptides identified 80-90% of the NANBH samples that were positive for HCV C100-3 and about 70% of the NANBH samples that were positive by Abbott prototype second-generation HCV antibody assay. Among a normal donor population(s), only 2-3% of the samples were positive for antibodies to GOR sequences, whereas from the patient categories unrelated to viral hepatitis as well as various nonhepatic diseases, the immune response to both GOR peptides was closely associated with the presence of antibodies to HCV. The data indicate that antibodies to GOR is a marker associated with NANBH.
 ...
PMID:Immune response to GOR, a marker for non-A, non-B hepatitis and its correlation with hepatitis C virus infection. 138 57

Comparative results between anti-HCV screening tests have shown better performances with 2nd generation tests than with 1st generation assays, since anti-C100-3 antibodies are less reliable and less durable than anti-C33 c and anti-C22-3 antibodies. Comparison between the four 2nd generation commercialized assays (Ortho, Abbott, Pasteur, Ubi-Organon) done on the hepatitis study group panel and on 109 samples from 18 patients collected before, during and after anti-HCV seroconversion, has shown similar results for most of the samples but some discordances on samples with isolated anti-C100-3 or anti-C33 c antibodies. For the 18 patients, 3 discordances were observed between the four assays. These three discordances concerned 3 of the 6 seroconversions with anti-C33-c as the first detectable antibody. In two cases, Ubi-Organon assay did not recognize the seroconversion as early as the 3 other assays; in another case, it was the Pasteur assay which answered later than the other assays. As for the 15 other patients, no difference was observed between the four assays, in particular when anti-C22-3 was one of the first detectable antibodies.
 ...
PMID:[Screening tests for anti-HCV antibodies: comparative results]. 138 23

Transfusion of whole blood or blood components is the mainstay of treatment in patients with beta-thalassemia and hemophilia. Owing to the scarcity of reports regarding the frequency of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis virus infections in thalassemia patients, the frequency of such infections was studied in India in 40 multi-transfused thalassemia patients (26 males, 14 females; mean age 8.1 +or- 5.3 years, range 1-35) with no clinical or biochemical evidence of liver disease. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique (Abbott) was used for all tests. The patients had received an average of 80 units (range 10-250) of blood. A majority of these units had been screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using RPHA. HBsAg antibodies were present in 18 (45%), antihepatitis C virus (HCV) in 7 (17.5%), and antihuman immunodeficiency virus in 1 (2.5%) case, respectively. Of 18 HBsAg positive patients, antidelta and anti-HCV antibodies were present in 3 and 4 patients, respectively; 1 patient had both the antibodies. 4 of 40 (10%) patients had evidence of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV infection. In a US study, the frequencies of HBsAg and anti-HBs positively among thalassemics were 4.5% and 43.5%, respectively. In contrast, 90% of hemophiliacs show serological evidence of HBV infection. Routine screening of blood donors by CEP or RPHA technique was started in the hospital blood bank 7 years ago. The sensitivity of these techniques is much lower than that of RIA and ELISA and a majority of the patients has received initial blood transfusions before HBsAg screening was started. The study indicated that more than 50% of multi-transfused thalassemia patients showed serological evidence of one or more HBV, HCV, HDV, and HIV infection. Thus, screening of blood units for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections to be used for thalassemic patients and vaccination of thalassemic patients against hepatitis B is imperative.
 ...
PMID:Frequency of hepatitis B, C and D and human immunodeficiency virus infections in multi-transfused thalassemics. 142 37

Fifty employees of the hospital laboratories were examined for the markers of non-A, non-B hepatitis infection. Immunoenzymatic tests of Abbott Diagnostic Division were used for this purpose. Anti-HAV antibodies were diagnosed in 68% of the examined persons, i.e. with an incidence similar to that in the general population. HBV markers were found in 50% of the examined persons, i.e. a few times more often than in the Polish general population. HBsAg carriers constituted 2% of this group. In the remaining persons with anti-HBV antibodies various combinations were found. Most frequent were anti-HBe+, anti-HBc+ and anti-HBs+.
 ...
PMID:[Evaluation of incidence of biological markers for A and B hepatitis]. 166 50


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>