Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

GPT is currently used as a surrogate test for detection of the non-A, non-B carrier state. Among the patients who received the blood at least one blood unit from donor with relatively high level of GPT (26-35 KU), incidence of post-transfusion NANB hepatitis was higher than that of the patients who received only blood with low level of GPT (less than or equal to 25 KU). It is expected that introduction of lower GPT cut-off value will substantially reduce the incidence of post-transfusion NANB hepatitis. We reviewed several factors, such as gender, age and body weight that could potentially affect GPT activity, using the data of 40,967 regular blood donors for GPT who donated at Fukuoka Red Cross Blood Center from October to November, 1987. The upper limit of normal GPT for males is significantly higher than that of females. GPT values in both males and females progressively increase with the age and body weight. It would therefore seem that gender, age and body weight should be taken into account in resetting of GPT cut-off values to prevent post-transfusion NANB hepatitis.
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PMID:[Reference value of glutamic transaminase to prevent non-A non-B post-transfusion hepatitis]. 251 34

A deceased 59-year-old woman with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus complicated by chronic thyroiditis and chronic hepatitis was autopsied. She had had diabetes mellitus since she was 30 years old, and insulin therapy was started at 34 years. Laboratory findings were as follows: s-GOT 85, s-GPT 31, gamma-globulin 2.45 g/dl. Immunological tests were positive for anti-smooth muscle antibody and anti-ENA antibody with high titers of antithyroglobulin and anti-microsome antibodies. HLA analysis revealed the presence of DR-4. The thyroid biopsy specimen showed microscopic features characteristic of chronic thyroiditis at 52 years of age. She had been repeatedly admitted for the control of diabetes mellitus. She was admitted for the 9th time in June, 1987 following complaints of abdominal pain. After admission, her general condition became gradually worse, and she died of peritonitis in September, 1987. Pathological examination of the liver revealed an expansion of fibrous tissue on Glisson's capsule accompanied by lymphocytic infiltration and was diagnosed to be chronic inactive hepatitis. As for the thyroid gland, fibrous tissue replaced an extensive area of the thyroid gland, and normal thyroid tissue was not observed. Lymphocytic infiltration was less in comparison with that in the previous biopsy. As for the pancreas, atrophy of exocrine pancreatic tissue and fibrous change in interstitial tissue was observed. Lymphocytic infiltration was also seen in the interstitial exocrine tissue but not in the islet. Immunohistochemical examination of the islets using anti-insulin, glucagon and somatostatin antibodies by ABC peroxidase method showed the selective disappearance of B cells in the islets. The pathological changes in the thyroid gland, liver and pancreas suggest that autoimmune mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic thyroiditis, chronic hepatitis and IDDM with exocrine pancreatic impairment in this case.
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PMID:[An autopsied case of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus complicated by chronic thyroiditis and chronic hepatitis]. 259 7

A 2-month-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of poor sucking and jaundice. There were no abnormalities during the whole period of pregnancy and at birth. His mother was a HBeAb positive HBsAg carrier, but prophylactic maneuver such as anti-HB immunoglobulin and HB vaccine was not performed on him at birth. Physical examination on admission revealed mild disturbance of consciousness. The laboratory findings showed marked increments of serum bilirubin, GOT, GPT, and NH3, and prolongation of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and hepaplastin test. Thus, he was diagnosed as fulminant hepatitis and treated with exchange transfusion once or twice a day. Biochemical data improved gradually, but hypocoagulable states remained unchanged. At that time we decided to use Factor VII concentrate, because we found that, among several coagulation factors, factor VII activity decreased most rapidly after exchange transfusion. The alternate therapy of exchange transfusion and Factor VII concentrate improved his coagulation abnormality without any side effects. Our experience suggests that the combination therapy of exchange transfusion and Factor VII concentrate may be useful for management of fulminant hepatitis, particularly for uncontrollable coagulopathy.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of an infant with fulminant hepatitis by factor VII concentrate]. 260 16

We investigated the expression of Pre-S2 antigen (Ag) and antibody (Ab) in sera quantitatively using ELISA. Four patients with acute hepatitis B and 87 chronic HBV carriers were included in this study. We also investigated the expression of Pre-S2Ag in the liver tissues obtained from 26 chronic HBV carriers by direct fluorescent antibody method. There was a significant correlation between Pre-S2Ag titers and HBsAg titers in sera. Pre-S2Ag titers were higher in sera positive for HBeAg, HBV-related DNA polymerase or HBV-DNA than in sera negative for those markers. The ratio of Pre-S2Ag titers to HBsAg titers, however, was constant irrespective of virus replicative markers. Pre-S2Ag in the liver had almost same intracellular localization with HBsAg in the liver. It was suggested that Pre-S2Ag was expressed with an intimate relation to the expression of HBsAg and was not useful as a virus replicative marker. Pre-S2Ag titers/HBsAg titers tended to be high in patients with chronic active hepatitis and high serum GPT levels compared to patients with chronic inactive hepatitis. This may be explained by the release of Pre-S2Ag in the liver. In addition, all patients positive for Pre-S2Ag on the membrane of hepatocytes had chronic active hepatitis. The overproduction of Pre-S2-containing surface proteins in the liver may have some implication related to cell injury via the immune response to Pre-S2Ag etc. Pre-S2Ab was detected only in few cases of chronic HBV infected patients. The lack of immune response to Pre-S2 region may play a role in the persistence of HBV infection.
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PMID:[Expression of Pre-S2 antigen and antibody in patients with hepatitis B virus infection]. 268 90

Flecainide was given to a patient in a dose of 150 mg twice daily to convert a newly developed atrial fibrillation; concomitant therapy was unchanged. After the fourth dose the patient complained of upper abdominal pain and nausea. GOT and GPT, normal at admission to the hospital, became markedly elevated and reached a maximum of 960 IU/I (GOT) and 993 IU/I (GPT) one day later, although the enzymes which indicate cholestasis remained at a normal level or did not increase. On the assumption of a drug-induced allergic reaction, flecainide was withdrawn, after which liver enzymes rapidly returned to control values. Although neither a reexposition with flecainide nor a liver biopsy was obtained, a flecainide-induced hepatitis seems probable.
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PMID:[Flecainide-induced hepatitis]. 314 84

We report one case of subacute thyroiditis associated with acute hepatitis, which is histopathologically diagnosed. A 43-year-old woman visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever, sore throat and anterior neck pain. Thyroid gland was found to be swollen and tender. Laboratory findings gave high ESR and positive test for CRP. High values of T3, T4 and RT3U indicated that the patient had hyperthyroidism. However no autoantibodies against thyroglobulin and microsome were found. High activities of serum AIP, LAP and gamma-GTP were observed. Serum GOT and GPT activities increased moderately. AIP type 2 was dominant in zymograms. Histopathological findings of liver specimen obtained by needle biopsy showed ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes with a slight focal necrosis and hyaline bodies. In addition bile plugs were observed in some biliary tubules. These findings were consistent with those of acute hepatitis. After three months all laboratory data were found to be within normal ranges and no recurrence has been observed. Subacute hepatitis associated with liver dysfunction is considered to be relatively frequent. However very few reports have been published on the case in which histopathological evidence for acute hepatitis was presented.
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PMID:[A case of subacute thyroiditis associated with acute hepatitis]. 328 15

The incidence and clinical characteristics of chronic hepatitis in the elderly patient over age 61 were studied in 680 biopsied cases from 1978 to 1984. Twenty four cases of chronic hepatitis in the elderly (4% of the total cases and 8% of all chronic hepatitis patients) were detected; the incidence is much lower than liver cirrhosis. Most of these cases (96%) showed active hepatitis. They had a long-term history of liver damage and negative HBsAg and HBeAg tests. Sixty seven percent of the patients showed block formation of the liver surface and low K(ICG) values (an average of 0.12). Twenty three cases are in good performance status 3 years and 3 months following the diagnosis, but ten cases still show marked fluctuation of serum GOT and GPT activities (greater than 60 IU). K(ICG) values in 16 cases improved from 0.12 to 0.14 on average 3 years after the diagnosis, suggesting that these cases might not progress to liver cirrhosis at least in the near future.
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PMID:Chronic hepatitis in the geriatric patient. 347 55

Measurement of serial aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)--formerly GOT and GPT--in both serum and urine, were carried out in rats with hepatocellular injury induced by ingestion of carbon tetrachloride. Contrary to the accepted clinical observations, the AST was initially higher than the serum ALT. Also, the clearance of AST from blood to urine was more rapid than that of ALT. This difference in enzyme excretion resulted in a more persistent elevation of ALT than of AST in the serum after hepatic injury. The persistent elevation of serum ALT correlates well with the timing of the clinical observation of higher ALT in patients with hepatitis.
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PMID:Alteration in aminotransferase levels in rats after acute hepatic injury. 358

A clinicopathological study was undertaken in 15 cases of massive hepatic necrosis after shock. The GOT and GPT level exceeded 1000 units in 10 cases. The 15 cases consisted of 3 diagnosed as fulminant hepatitis clinically and 12 diagnosed as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or multiple systemic organ failure (MOF) from the unremarkableness of liver dysfunction. It was noteworthy that sepsis and surgery were closely associated with these lesions. The weight of the liver at autopsy ranged from 800 to 2,700 g. Liver necrosis was macroscopically characterized by clear demarcation of the necrotic areas sharply separated from the surrounding liver parenchyma, showing the appearance of so-called "map-like necrosis". Microscopically, the lesions in these subjects showed mainly the pattern of centrilobular necrosis. As observed in the burn shock case (case 12), the shock which provoked in different phases of time seemed to have repeated its attack. These liver necroses were considered to result from severe systemic circulatory disturbance or intrahepatic circulatory disturbance. The possibility is indicated that the generalized or univisceral Shwartzman reaction, and repeated and combined severe shock participated in the pathogenesis. Fibrin thrombi aggrevate tissue perfusion and accelerate anoxia. Heparin therapy seemed effective in these cases if administered at an appropriate time.
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PMID:Fatal hepatic necrosis after shock. 371 91

Liver function has been evaluated in 74 patients (aged 9 months to 19 years) with beta-thalassemia major. They were selected from 212 patients because their transaminase levels were three times higher than normal for over three months. In 36 of these subjects BSF clearance test was performed. In the majority of patients (70%) average GPT serum values were increased (66.33 +/- 35.41 U/L) while only a few of the youngest age group exhibited normal values. The transaminase level showed a direct relationship with age, ferritin level and transfusional iron. Furthermore a direct correlation was found between iron and gamma globulin levels both being related to age. Test for viral hepatitis markers showed that 60% of all the subjects studied had had HBV infection. Twenty-six of the 36 patients who underwent BSF test had normal values in the first part of the clearance curve, 8 others showed moderate changes while only the 2 remaining revealed severe alterations. The second part of the curve was abnormal in 34 and markedly altered in 2 subjects. Mean GPT serum values correlated with the first part of BSF clearance curve and BSF 45' values correlated with transfused iron. Siderosis, fibrosis, chronic inflammatory infiltration and vacuolar degeneration were seen at liver biopsy. Histological findings of chronic aggressive hepatitis were shown in two patients with high transaminase and gammaglobulin levels who had markedly abnormal BSF curve.
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PMID:[Hepatic pathology in beta-thalassemia major]. 372 17


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