Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new microtitre enzyme-immunoassay (Organon Teknika ) to demonstrate HBe-antigen and anti-HBe was compared with a corresponding radioimmunoassay (RIA) of Abbott, on sera of patients with hepatitis-B and reference material. In a serial dilution of HBe-antigen reference preparation from the reference centre for hepatitis B in G ottingen , RIA was able to demonstrate HBe-antigen to a dilution of 1:1024, and the microtitre enzyme-immunoassay (Elisa) to 1:4096 (declaration of reference preparation: 1024 RIA units). In the anti-HBe reference preparation anti-HBe was demonstrated by Elisa to a dilution of 1:4096 and by RIA to 1:512. In tests on sera of patients with hepatitis B, Elisa was superior to RIA in demonstrating both HBe-antigen and anti-HBe. This advantage was particularly clear in the demonstration of anti-HBe. Using the Elisa system, either HBe-antigen or anti-HBe was demonstrated in the fourth week of illness in over 95% of patients. With RIA this result was achieved only in the eighth month after the onset of illness. According to the results obtained with the Elisa system, HBe-antigen is eliminated early and is quickly followed by anti-HBe, while according to results with RIA some time elapsed between the disappearance of HBe-antigen and the occurrence of anti-HBe. Elisa demonstrates high precision, both in a single test and also from test to test, and in this respect, too, it was not inferior to RIA. False-positive or non-reproducible positive reactions were very rare in both tests. These results indicate that Elisa is an alternative to RIA and, because of its higher sensitivity, is superior to RIA.
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PMID:[Demonstration of hepatitis Be antigen and anti-hepatitis Be with enzyme immunoassay in a microtiter system]. 637 20

Woodchucks hepatitis virus (WHV)-associated antigens and antibodies were studied using current sensitive radio- or enzyme immunoassays (RIA, EIA). A significant cross-reactivity was observed between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and woodchuck hepatitis surface antigen (WHsAg) using RIA or EIA (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.) although not with two other commercial EIA tested (Organon Technika, Oss, The Netherlands; Behringwerke AG, Marburg, F.R.G.). A weak but significant reactivity was also found when woodchuck sera positive for WHsAg or anti-WHs by immunodiffusion were tested for HBeAg and anti-HBe by RIA, suggesting the existence of a WHeAg-anti-WHe system in infected woodchucks. The specificity of this e-anti-e reactivity in the woodchuck was further confirmed by successful absorption experiments. WHsAg and WHeAg could be distinguished serologically by immunodiffusion and separated from each other by ultracentrifugation and ammonium sulphate precipitation. A WHeAg preparation was used to boost the presumed natural antibody activity of an immune woodchuck. The specific anti-HBe response detected by RIA during the immunization experiments demonstrated the existence of a soluble WHeAg cross-reacting with the human HBe-anti-HBe system. This was confirmed in immunodiffusion by a partial identity between the precipitin lines formed by the WHeAg-anti-Whe and HBeAg-anti-HBe reaction. Whether the WHe-Ag-anti-WHe system wil mimick HBeAg and anti-HBe in all their clinico-pathological correlations, deserves further study.
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PMID:Use of the cross-reactivity with hepatitis B virus antigens and antibodies for the demonstration of a woodchuck hepatitis virus 'e' antigen-antibody system. 661 56

Twenty patient, multitransfused 52 to 113 days before development of acute non-A, non-B viral hepatitis, were studied. In all of them UBI-HCV and Liatek tests (Organon) were performed in second day of hospitalization, and were repeated after 3 and 6 months. In 17 cases (85%) viral hepatitis C were diagnosed. In another three patients, hepatitis was probably caused by unidentified, non-A, non-B, non-C virus. The most frequently observed type of reactivity was parallel appearance of anti-HCV to structural and non-structural antigens in Liatek test (from 35% in first, to 70.6% in last investigation). Several patterns of combinations of serologic reactivity were observed. The most frequent anti-HCV were antibodies against structural, and anti-NS4 antigens. Chronic hepatitis developed in 65% of patients with hepatitis C.
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PMID:[Post-transfusion viral hepatitis non-A, non-B; serologic analysis of hepatitis C infections]. 769 20

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in health-care workers (HCW). Sera from 439 unselected HCW were assessed for anti-HCV by 2nd generation enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and anti-HBc by ELISA. Anti-HCV (+) sera were evaluated by line immunoassay (LIA) (LiaTeK, Organon). Anti-HCV proved positive by ELISA in 12 (2.73%) subjects, 6 of whom were reactive by LIA, one was indeterminate and 5 non reactive. The prevalence of anti-HCV confirmed by LIA was 1.59% (7 subjects). Positive anti-HCV results with an ELISA ratio greater than 3 were LIA reactive in 6/6 as compared with 5 LIA non reactive with an ELISA ratio less than 2, while in the indeterminate serum the ratio was 2.5. No differences in age, profession, seniority, history of hepatitis or transfusions were found between anti-HCV (+) and (-) subjects, but females predominate significantly. The areas of higher risk were hemodialysis, obstetrics, surgery and intensive care. Anti-HBc was (+) in 85.7% (6/7) of the anti-HCV (+) subjects. Follow-up of anti-HCV (+) subjects showed raised alaninoaminotransferase levels in 4 cases, while liver biopsies in 3 disclosed cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis. The anti-HCV prevalence in HCW is low compared with other risk groups perhaps due to the peculiar epidemiological features of HCV. In low risk groups for HCV infection a positive ELISA result with a ratio lower than 3 should be confirmed by more specific tests.
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PMID:Prevalence of hepatitis C in health care workers investigated by 2nd generation enzyme-linked and line immunoassays. 781 96

A total of 1,016 serum samples from patients with either non-A, non-B hepatitis or risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were examined in two second-generation enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), the UBI HCV EIA (Organon Teknika, The Netherlands) and the Wellcozyme anti-HCV (Murex Diagnostics, UK), for detection of antibodies to HCV. An immunoblot assay that uses four recombinant antigens, the 4-RIBA (Chiron, USA), was used as a confirmatory assay. Of the 1,016 samples, 195 (19.2%) were reactive in both EIAs, while ten yielded discrepant results. One hundred eighty of the 195 (92%) positive reactions were confirmed in the 4-RIBA; 13 sera yielded an indeterminate result and two were negative. None of the sera with discrepant results reacted positively in the confirmatory test, while two sera showed an indeterminate pattern. In contrast to the screening of antibodies to HCV among blood donors, confirmatory testing of antibodies to HCV with the 4-RIBA seems to have limited added value in the diagnostic examination of clinical samples from patients with suspected HCV infection.
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PMID:Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection using two second-generation enzyme immunoassays with a recombinant immunoblot assay for confirmation. 801 82

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is recognized as the major cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis. Its prevalence in different patient populations and blood donors has been reported worldwide but not yet from Lebanon. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of HCV antibodies in 536 random Lebanese blood donors using three enzyme immunoassay kits: ETI-AB-HCVK (Sorin, Biomedica, Italy), UBI HCV EIA (Organon Teknika, Netherlands) and ORTHO HCV 2.0 ELISA (Ortho Diagnostic Systems, USA). The latter was also used as an arbitrator test. Though ETI-AB-HCVK and UBI HCV EIA kits gave higher initial positive results (5.8% and 3.7%, respectively) than ORTHO HCV 2.0 ELISA (1.1%), the over all prevalence of HCV antibody in these blood donors was 0.7%. A brief review of the HCV virus, its epidemiology, clinical features and diagnostic aspects is also presented. A similar testing approach was carried out on additional 3643 blood donors. Confirmatory testing based on CHIRON*RIBA*HCV 2.0 strip immunoblot assay (Ortho) revealed that the HCV antibody seroprevalence in random Lebanese blood donors is 0.11% and not 0.7% as found by ELISAs alone.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus : prevalence in Lebanese blood donors and brief overview of the disease. 867 56

In this paper an attempt has been made at quantitative evaluation of reactivity of various types anti-HCV using proposed BLOT-index. We based our research on 20 patients diagnosed with hepatitis-C (clinical, biochemical, serological and enzymatical criteria--repeatedly positive results of second generation screening tests EIA ABBOTT HCV and UBI HCV Monoelisa Organon Teknika) who were anti-HCV determined at the beginning the acute phase and after 3 and 6 months. Multiantigen tests were used veryfying LIATEK-HCV 2 and LIATEK-HCV 3 Organon Teknika. Value of BLOT-index was algebraic sum of "pluses" for particular anti-HCV. Three models of dynamics of BLOT-index were observed: increase, plateau and decrease. Statistically significant differences between values of BLOT-index were shown at the beginning of the acute phase of hepatitis-C and after 6 months. There were no differences observed between convalescents and patients who developed chronic hepatitis-C (test t-Student's and f-Fisher's). Reactivity of anti-HCV, evaluated using BLOT-index, shown increasing trend, which is a dominant pattern, however quantitative and qualitative changes do not occur more frequently than every 6 months. The LIATEK-HCV 3 gives fewer undetermined reactions and detects anti-HCV earlier than a former generation of this test.
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PMID:[Humoral response in hepatitis C infections: types of anti-HCV and reactivity evaluated using BLOT-index]. 871 Nov 45


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