Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Special physical examinations were made in order to find out the actual status of damages to health that had broken out in a factory collecting V2O5 from iron sand; and the following results were found: 1. Pharyngitis and bronchitis were found in 25% of the workers exposed to vanadium, but neither pneumonia nor hepatitis was observed. 2. Among the subjective and objective symptoms, respiratory irritation and discoloration of the tongue were frequent. 3. Black spot-like pigmentations gathering in a zonal form 1-2 mm wide in the transitional part and oral mucosa of the upper lip were found. Prevalence rate of this sign was 14.3% in the workers exposed to vanadium. 4. The mean valus of total serum protein and the serum cholesterol in the exposed workers were lower than those in the controls. The difference in the values between both groups is statistically significant. 5. Both the mean values of vanadium concentrations in vurine and its creatinine ratios in the exposed workers were twice to three times those in the controls; however, these parameters decreased to about one third in two months by improving the health and environmental control-measures. 6. Draft items to be checked in special physical examinations of workers handling vanadium have been proposed.
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PMID:[Results of the special physical examination of workers in a vanadium plant (author's transl)]. 47 Feb 10

An attempt was made to find reliable indices for early diagnosis of fatal cases of acute viral hepatitis, using the values of serum proteins with rapid turnover. Of the subfractions of serum protein, prealbumin, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein and Normotest were measured simultaneously before the appearance of hepatic coma/or gastrointestinal bleeding in 78 cases of acute viral hepatitis, verified by biopsy or necropsy. The mean value of prealbumin with a very short half-life of one or two days, was 6.0 mg/dl in fatal cases, 7.4 mg/dl in surviving ones of subacute form of fulminant hepatitis. The difference between fatal and surviving cases was not statistically significant. In contrast to this, the values alpha2-HS-glycoprotein with a comparatively short halflife of four to six days, showed statistically significant difference between fatal (21.9 mg/dl) and surviving cases (37.4 mg/dl). Normotest was also depressed in fatal (10.7%) and surviving cases (45.3%). The difference was statistically significant. The present results indicate the possibility of differentiating fatal cases from surviving ones at an early stage, using the reduction of alpha2-HS-glycoprotein and the value of Normotest.
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PMID:Rapid turnover serum proteins in fulminant hepatitis. 60 67

The elimination of para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) after the intravenous injection of 20 mg PAS sodium/kg was estimated in patients with liver disease, in uremic patients and in volunteers without damage of the liver or kidneys. The drug was estimated with a colorimetric and fluorometric method. In the volunteers, the half-lives obtained with the fluorometric method were significantly longer than those estimated with the colorimetric method. This is caused by the estimation of more PAS metabolites by the used fluorometric method. In the patients with renal insufficiency (dialysis patients) the elimination rate of unchanged PAS--estimated with the colorimetric method--was not altered, whereas the elimination of PAS and its metabolites extractable by ethyl acetate was markedly slowed in comparison with the results obtained with the volunteers. The clearance of the unchanged PAS was even increased in the uremic patients. The serum protein binding of PAS was lowered significantly in the serum of uremic patients. In patients with liver cirrhosis, acute virus hepatitis and cholangitis the elimination rate of the drug was not altered in comparison with the volunteers. The results show that the dose of PAS in patients with renal insufficiency may not be reduced. The therapeutic level of the drug cannot otherwise be reached in these patients.
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PMID:Elimination of para-aminosalicylic acid in patients with liver disease and renal insufficiency. 92 30

Serum proteins were estimated in two patient groups, namely (i) 20 cases with proven ameobic liver abscess and (ii) 12 cases with hepatic amoebiasis without demonstrable pus, commonly referred to by the misnomer 'ameobic hepatitis'. In amoebic liver abscess a fall in albumin and an increase in alpha 2 and gamma globulin results in a serum protein pattern somewhat different from that in hepatic amoebiasis without demonstrable pus, where an elevation in gamma globulin was infrequent. Post-therapy serum protein estimations revealed that, irrespective of the presence or absence of pus, a rising gamma globulin level in hepatic amoebiasis may be of prognostic significance and post-treatment surveillance would be necessary in patients showing this type of response.
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PMID:Serum proteins in hepatic amoebiasis. 93 32

Serum proteins and immunoglobulins were investigated in children with infectious mononucleosis. The results were as follows: 1. Most striking changes in serum protein patterns were increased levels of immunoglobulins. The resulting gammopathies are of symmetric and/or asymmetric type with a beta-gamma bridge.--2. Increased levels of immunoglobulins included all principal immunoglobulin classes IgG, IgM and IgA.--3. Polyclonal gammopathy in infectious mononucleosis did neither reflect the intensity of hepatic involvement nor was a sign for persisting or progressive hepatitis.--4. The type of gammopathies found seems to justify those clinicians, who did not consider to be usefull the application of gammaglobulin in the course of infectious mononucleosis. 5. Suggestion. If it is correct to assume according to Benyeschel-Melnick et al., that the raised production of antibodies in infectious monucleosis limits the further course of the disease, and is the defense against the development of leukemia, it would be necessary to reevaluate the application of corticoid therapy in infectious mononucleosis. This therapy should be reserved for life threatening complciations only.
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PMID:[ Polyclonal gammopathy in children with infectious mononucleosis (author's transl)]. 100 9

In a prospective regional survey of neonatal hepatitis syndrome 32 infants had extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and 103 had hepatitis. No cause for the lesion was found in infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia, but in 32 with hepatitis a specific cause was identified, 24 having genetic deficiency of the serum protein alpha1-antitrypsin. No differences were observed in parental age, mother's health in pregnancy, month of birth, birth order, or sex of the infants. Familial idiopathic hepatitis occurred in 3 of 67 sibs of patients with idiopathic hepatitis, but the 33 sibs of EHBA patients had no liver disease. Of the infants with hepatitis, 36 were of low birthweight, less than 2.5 kg, and 23 were born prematurely. Infants with biliary atresia were all of normal birthweight and only one was born prematurely. Consideration of clinical and biochemical abnormalities in the first 2 months of life showed no differences between the two groups except that infants with EHBA were more commonly jaundiced from birth (80%) and had more frequently acholic stools (83%). The frequency of these features in patients with hepatitis being 68% and 52%. Standard tests of liver function were not discriminatory. Percutaneous liver biopsies were diagnostic in 75% of those with EHBA and in 92% of those with hepatitis. The I131 Rose Bengal faecal excretion was less than 10% in 26 of 28 infants with EHBA and in only 5 of 18 with hepatitis. These latter two investigations together allowed a correct preoperativer diagnosis of EHBA in all instances. Bile drainage was achieved surgically in only 3 cases. A major reason for these poor results may have been the late referral of cases for diagnosis and laparotomy, which should be performed as soon as the diagnosis is suspected and always by 70 days of age.
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PMID:Extrahepatic biliary atresia versus neonatal hepatitis. Review of 137 prospectively investigated infants. 108 49

The determination of plasma viscosity in 37 patients with liver disease allowed their subdivision into three groups. Firstly, decreased viscosity (hypoviscosity) was found in patients with cirrhosis, marked portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Secondly, normal viscosity (normoviscosity) was found in patients with inactive cirrhosis without portal hypertension, and thirdly, increased viscosity (hyperviscosity) was found in patients with active cirrhosis and chronic progressive hepatitis. The concentrations of total serum protein, of fibrinogen and of IgG were found to influence plasma viscosity. A detailed differentiation revealed that increased plasma viscosity is caused by increased levels of IgG while decreased viscosity correlates with low fibrinogen levels. Furthermore a close correlation exists between plasma viscosity and the enzymatic activity of SGOT, SGPT and GLDH. In 5 patients with chronic progressive hepatitis treated with corticosteroids the plasma viscosity normalized in parallel with improvement of the hepato-cellular damage. These findings will be discussed in detail. Hyperviscosity might possibly serve as an additional parameter to characterize chronic progressive hepatitis and to indicate steroid treatment.
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PMID:[Changes of blood-flow properties in patients with chronic liver disease (author's transl)]. 113 47

The present study examined the preventive effects of green tea extract on D-galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatic injury in rats, an animal model of viral hepatitis. A single i.p.-injection of GalN (700 mg/kg) to male Wistar rats caused fulminant hepatitis by 48 hr as assessed by marked increases in the serum aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities; decreases in the serum protein and cholesterol levels and the amount of liver microsome P-450; and marked changes in organ weights. The lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity markedly increased at 8 hr and markedly decreased at 24 hr after the GalN injection. In the experiment, animals were orally administered green tea extract at doses of 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg five times each before and after the GalN injection. Treatment with green tea extract significantly prevented the increases in the GOT, GPT and ALP activities in a dose-related manner. It also significantly prevented the decreases in serum albumin and total cholesterol, although not in a dose-related manner. A tendency to prevent the increase in LCAT activity and the decrease in liver microsome P-450 was also noted. Little effect was found on the other abnormal changes in the serum lipids and proteins and the organ weights. These results suggest that green tea may have an ameliorating effect on hepatic dysfunction.
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PMID:[Effects of green tea extract on galactosamine-induced hepatic injury in rats]. 146 98

Gomisin A (TJN-101) is one of the lignan components isolated from Schisandra Fruits and expected to have some efficacies in clinical treatment of hepatitis. The serum concentrations of TJN-101 and Met. B, which was identified as a demethylenated substance and one of the major metabolites of TJN-101 in rats, were investigated. After intravenous administration at doses of 1.6, 4.0 and 10 mg/kg of body weight, the serum concentration of TJN-101 decreased biphasically, and the terminal elimination half-life at each dose was about 70 min. Dose-dependency was observed for the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). On the other hand, the serum concentration of TJN-101 increased rapidly and reached maximum within 15 to 30 min when administered orally. This result was supported by the in situ roop method. The Cmax and the AUC values were not exactly dose-dependent, but the values increased with a dose-up of TJN-101. The biotransformation of TJN-101 to Met. B, was very rapid in both intravenous and oral administrations. The AUC value of Met. B after oral administration of TJN-101 at a dose of 1.6 mg/kg was relatively larger than any other dosages. It suggested that TJN-101 was extensively underwent the first pass effect in rats. More than 80% of TJN-101 was bound with rat serum protein in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, it seems to be necessary to pay attention when it was administered concurrently with high protein binding drugs.
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PMID:[Studies on the metabolic fate of gomisin A (TJN-101). I. Absorption in rats]. 176 54

Fructus Schizandrae (FS) is a well-known Chinese herb which has been widely used in ancient China. During recent decades, it has been found to be effective in viral and chemical induced hepatitis. In this paper, we report the studies on the chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of FS on mice liver. The results indicated that FS and its several components can mainly protect liver from injury induced by toxic substances such as CCl4; they have anti-oxidant activities against oxygen free radicals; FS and four components have inducing action on liver cytochrome P-450; they also promote certain anabolic metabolism such as serum protein biosynthesis and glycogenesis. All these activities would be of importance in the protection and repair of the injured liver cells. The clinical use of FS is also presented.
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PMID:Pharmacological actions and clinical use of fructus schizandrae. 251 53


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