Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome describes a hypersensitivity reaction to a number of drugs. It is characterized by a triad of fever, rash, and internal organ involvement. Carbamazepine is suspected to be the cause of the drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in this young man who presented with fulminant hepatitis and an exfoliating rash 8 weeks after starting carbamazepine. Symptoms gradually resolved after stopping carbamazepine and starting systemic steroids.Because we encountered only a few similar cases in the literature, we wish to highlight the importance of recognizing these symptoms as a syndrome that can be fatal, especially if not recognized early.
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PMID:Carbamazepine-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a 35-year-old man with epilepsy. 1883 49

Drug-induced liver injury is a major safety concern in drug development and clinical pharmacotherapy; however, advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury are hampered by the lack of animal models. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a widely used antiepileptic agent. Although the drug is generally well tolerated, only a small number of patients prescribed CBZ develop severe hepatitis. In the present study, we developed a mouse model of CBZ-induced liver injury and elucidated the mechanisms accounting for the hepatotoxicity of CBZ. Male BALB/c mice were orally administered CBZ for 5 days. The plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were prominently increased, and severe liver damage was observed via histological evaluation. The analysis of the plasma concentration of CBZ and its metabolites demonstrated that 3-hydroxy CBZ may be relevant in CBZ-induced liver injury. The hepatic glutathione levels were significantly decreased, and oxidative stress markers were significantly altered. Mechanistic investigations found that hepatic mRNA levels of toll-like receptor 4, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and their ligands were significantly increased. Moreover, the plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines were also increased. Prostaglandin E(1) administration ameliorated the hepatic injury caused by CBZ. In conclusion, metabolic activation followed by the stimulation of immune responses was demonstrated to be involved in CBZ-induced liver injury in mice.
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PMID:Metabolic activation and inflammation reactions involved in carbamazepine-induced liver injury. 2279 Sep 70

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the widely prescribed drugs in the field of neuropsychiatry. We report a case of a 27-year-old female patient presenting with severe cholestatic hepatitis presenting after the initiation of CBZ. We establish the probability of drug-induced liver injury using Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences/Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method causality assessment scale, and the patient had high probability with a score of 9. We briefly review the literature in this field discussing the scope of the problem, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestation, course, and management.
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PMID:A Case of Carbamazepine-induced Severe Cholestatic Hepatitis: Case Report and Review of Literature. 2920 May 72

Carbamazepine was and still used extensively in clinical practice in varied indications can cause adverse drug reaction shaving diverse clinical manifestations of variable severity. "Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms" (DRESS) syndrome is a severe, potentially life-threatening, acute adverse drug reactions, typically characterized by a long latency period from drug exposure. DRESS syndrome is characterized by the presence of fever, coetaneous eruptions, lymphadenopathy, internal organ involvement (such as hepatitis, carditis, interstitial nephritis, interstitial pneumonitis, etc.) and haematological abnormalities, mainly leucocytosis, eosinophilia and sometimes atypical lymphocytosis. We report a clinical case of DRESS syndrome with liver injury, evaluated with the RegiSCAR scoring system as a "definite case" possibly induced by carbamazepine in a patient.
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PMID:DRESS Syndrome. 3129 51


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