Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adenine arabinoside (ARA-A) and its monophosphate (ARA-AMP) are potent inhibitors of hepatitis B virus, but they have not been shown to beneficially alter the natural history of chronic type B hepatitis. Analysis of responders to ARA-AMP therapy has shown that responses can be temporary and that truly long-term beneficial responses are rare. Most long-term responses occur in patients with marked elevations in serum aminotransferase activities and severe chronic active hepatitis. This group of patients, however, may also be the most likely to have a spontaneous improvement in chronic hepatitis. Analyses from England suggest that male homosexual patients have a lower response rate to ARA-AMP than heterosexual patients. This difference has not been shown in studies from the United States. The effect of HTLV-III infection on the course and outcome of hepatitis B virus infection and on clinical responses to antiviral therapy needs further evaluation. In view of the side-effects of ARA-AMP and its marginal efficacy, it is unlikely to play a role as a single agent in the therapy of this important chronic liver disease. However, the use of ARA-AMP after a short course of immunosuppressive therapy is an approach to therapy that deserves future investigation in prospective controlled trials.
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PMID:Therapy of chronic type B hepatitis with adenine arabinoside and adenine arabinoside monophosphate. 243 79

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was induced from a human peripheral mononuclear fraction by incubation with a streptococcal preparation stabilized with penicillin G (OK432). This IFN-gamma-producing activity was significantly reduced in patients with chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In patients with liver cirrhosis it was also reduced but not significantly. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA and skin tests for the purified protein derivative of tuberculin, phytohemagglutinin-P and a polysaccharide fraction prepared from streptococcus pyogenes Su strain were determined to have no significant relation to this IFN-gamma-producing activity. Although the addition of interleukin 2 (IL-2) to the culture medium enhanced the IFN-gamma-producing activity, there was no difference in this enhancement between normal control and chronic hepatitis. Therefore reduction of the IFN-gamma-producing activity observed in chronic hepatitis seems to be caused by a decreased number of IFN-gamma-producing activity cells or hypofunction of these cells or both. Since HBeAg became negative in patients whose IFN-gamma-producing activity was increased by the administration of the immunopotentiator OK432 or IFN-beta, the IFN-producing system in the patients with B type hepatitis may contribute to the elimination of HBV. Adenine arabinoside suppressed IFN-gamma-producing activity both in vivo and in vitro.
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PMID:In vitro interferon producing activity of peripheral mononuclear cells in patients with chronic liver disease. 303 38

Adenosin deaminase (ADA) deficiency is the cause for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) in about 15% of patients with SCID, often presenting as T (-)B (-)NK (-)SCID. Treatment options for ADA-SCID are enzyme replacement, bone marrow transplantation or gene therapy. We here describe the first patient with ADA-SCID and fatal hepatic failure despite bone marrow transplantation from a 10/10 HLA identical related donor. As patients with ADA-SCID may be at yet underestimated increased risk for rapid hepatic failure we speculate whether hepatitis in ADA-SCID should lead to the immediate treatment with enzyme replacement by pegylated ADA.
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PMID:Hyperbilirubinemia and rapid fatal hepatic failure in severe combined immunodeficiency caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID). 2127 5