Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six years of necropsy records from a zoo colony of four tamarin species (Saguinus oedipus, S. geoffroyi, S. imperator, and S. mystax) were examined. Mean age at death was 4.0 years, average length in the colony at time of death was 3.4 years. Annual mortality rate varied between 9 and 30%. Gross necropsy findings, histopathologic, and bacteriological results indicate primary cause of death as follows: peritonitis (26%), septicemia (14%), nephritis (5%), hepatitis (5%), pneumonia (2%), and others.
J Med Primatol 1992 Jan
PMID:Survey of Saguinus mortality in a zoo colony. 160 56

During recent historical times many Africans changed their diet to one based on maize. The grain is regularly contaminated by fungi which are toxigenic to domestic animals and birds. After one of the fungi, Diplodia maydis, in pure culture on maize, was added to the food of omnivorous primates there was demyelination of nerves, atrophy, degeneration and necrosis of muscle, and hepatitis. These preliminary results are applicable to veterinary and laboratory animal sciences. They may also be medically significant since neuromuscular syndromes of unknown cause are prevalent among Africans. Nerve conduction velocities and organ weights are defined for vervet monkeys.
J Med Primatol 1991 Jul
PMID:Mycotoxic peripheral myelinopathy, myopathy, and hepatitis caused by Diplodia maydis in vervet monkeys. 165 46

Chimpanzees were examined for the effect of viral hepatitis infections on specific and nonspecific immune response mechanisms. The data suggest that infection with either hepatitis B virus or hepatitis non-A, non-B virus may result in suppression of cellular immune response components. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was lower in virus-infected chimpanzees than in naive animals. Neutrophils from virus infected animals exhibited decreased or altered chemiluminescence kinetics.
J Med Primatol 1991 Aug
PMID:Lymphocyte and neutrophil dysfunction associated with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis non-A, non-B virus infection in the chimpanzee. 175 73

Laminated iron concretions were noted in the liver of an aged siamang (Hylobates syndactylus) that had granulomatous enteritis and hepatitis due to Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection. Preexisting hepatic siderosis, iron sequestration in macrophages, and compromised macrophage function due to mycobacterial infection are proposed as the basis for the abundance and size of the concretions. Similar siderophilic bodies and concomitant siderosis occurred in other siamangs. The concretions are similar to Schumann bodies and Michaelis-Gutmann bodies associated with granulomatous disease in other species.
J Med Primatol 1991 Jul
PMID:Siderophilic bodies associated with hemosiderosis and atypical mycobacterial infection in an island siamang (Hylobates syndactylus). 192 Mar 83

To determine the main causes of death in "owl monkeys" (Aotus nancymae and A. vociferans) in captivity, 115 necropsies were performed. According to the macroscopic findings and clinical data, results are as follow: acute lobular pneumonia (25.2%), chronic nephropathy (10.4%), acute catarrhal enteritis (8.7%), acute hemorrhagic enteritis (7%), acute toxic hepatitis (5.2%), trauma (5.2%), and others.
J Med Primatol 1990
PMID:Mortality causes of owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae and Aotus vociferans) in captivity. 233 6

Based on the know epidemiology of the viruses that account for the bulk of the need for chimpanzees in biomedical research--hepatitis B virus (HBV), non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)--as well as the psychosocial needs of this species, requirements for appropriate isolation conditions for these animals have been reviewed. We believe that animals should generally be housed in groups of at least two in the same cage, and that cages encased in solid-walled isolator boxes for housing of single chimpanzees are unnecessary for virologically adequate isolation for studies of HBV, NANB and HIV, and cause sensory and psychosocial deprivation, which contravenes their psychological well-being.
J Med Primatol 1989
PMID:Appropriate conditions for maintenance of chimpanzees in studies with blood-borne viruses: an epidemiologic and psychosocial perspective. 249 32

Normal ranges for gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in chimpanzees were determined and categorized according to age and sex. Enzyme patterns presented for 36 cases of non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis and compared to others with hepatitis A and/or B show that the response of this enzyme to these viral agents in chimpanzees is comparable to that seen in human patients. The value of GGT determinations, in addition to aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase for the differentiation of various types of viral hepatitis, is described.
J Med Primatol 1985
PMID:The clinical chemistry of chimpanzees: II. Gamma glutamyl transferase levels in hepatitis studies. 286 23

Epidemiology has indicated the possible association of non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in man, but there are no means for confirmation. Chimpanzees are recognized models for studying hepatitis B and NANBH, and may become carriers of both. The first case of HCC to be reported in chimpanzees was found after longitudinal study of a hepatitis B-free chimpanzee 7 years after inoculation with human plasma from a patient reported to have chronic NANBH.
J Med Primatol 1988
PMID:Non-A, non-B hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a chimpanzee. 314 34

Although many primate species have been inoculated with the agents of human hepatitis A, B, and non-A, non-B, only a small number of species have been shown to be susceptible, and only the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) has been shown to be reproducibly susceptible to all three types of human hepatitis. Infectious inocula containing each agent have been identified in different laboratories and the end-point titers of infectivity determined, in most cases by inoculation of chimpanzees. These inocula and the nonhuman primate models have permitted investigators to study the inactivation of these agents and to evaluate passive and active immunization against the agents.
J Med Primatol 1983
PMID:Primate animal models and titered inocula for the study of human hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and non-A, non-B hepatitis. 609 14

Viral hepatitis in chimpanzees produces negligible symptomatology, and serum aminotransferase changes may be minimal. To maximize the predictive value of these determinations, which are the only serum indicators available for non-A non-B (NANB) hepatitis infection, normal ranges for aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT) were examined and categorized according to age and sex. Males were found to have higher values than females, and adults higher values than juveniles. The kinetic method used and the values obtained are described. Differences in methodologies and reporting units are discussed.
J Med Primatol 1982
PMID:The clinical chemistry of chimpanzees. I. Determination of aminotransferase baseline values for hepatitis studies. 615 21


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