Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper reviews the safety data for levofloxacin utilizing reports from clinical and post-marketing surveillance trials. The side effect incidence rates are 1.3% for nausea, 0.1% for anxiety, 0.3% for insomnia, and 0.1% for headache. No levofloxacin-related adverse events were reported at a rate higher than 1.3%, and most were lower. Four clinical trials were reported. Levofloxacin achieved superior clinical and microbiological results compared to ceftriaxone/macrolide combination, and was better tolerated. Results comparing IV azithromycin plus ceftriaxone versus 500 mg levofloxacin in hospitalised CAP demonstrated that levofloxacin performed better, with more adverse events associated with the comparators (levofloxacin 5.3%, comparators 9.3%). High-dose levofloxacin (750 mg) was also evaluated and found to be well tolerated. Surveillance data reported low ADR rates for levofloxacin: nausea 0.8%, rash 0.5%, abdominal pain 0.4%, and diarrhoea, dizziness, and vomiting 0.3%. Worldwide and US surveillance data confirmed that tendon rupture occurred in less than 4 per million prescriptions, taste perversion in less than 3 per million, convulsions in 2 per million, and photosensitivity, hepatitis, hepatic failure, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes or empyema all in less than 1 per million.
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PMID:Latest industry information on the safety profile of levofloxacin in the US. 1154 87

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic commonly used to treat respiratory, urinary tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. Levofloxacin is generally well tolerated and has fewer reported side effects than other fluoroquinolones. We present a case of levofloxacin-associated severe hepatocellular injury. The hepatitis resolved soon after discontinuation of levofloxacin.
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PMID:Acute hepatitis associated with oral levofloxacin therapy in a hemodialysis patient. 1455 12

The purpose of this study was to clarify the various clinical presentations, incidence, and complications associated with tuberculosis (TB), as well as patient survival in heart transplantation (HTx) recipients. A retrospective review of 177 case records of HTx recipients from May 1989 to April 2003 were evaluated for their clinical course, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and survival. TB was diagnosed by culture. TB was proven in five (2.8%) patients. There were three pulmonary lesions and two extrapulmonary lesions. TB was diagnosed at 3.5 to 85 months after HTx. Pulmonary lesions were detected by cultures of sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, or pleural effusion. For extrapulmonay lesions, one subject had neck lymphadenopathy shown by biopsy and culture to be TB; another suffered from swelling of the finger joints which upon culture of the aspirate proved to be TB. Treatment consisted of isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), ethambutol, pyrazinamide, streptomycin (STR), ciprofloxacin (Ciproxin), and levofloxacin (Cravit). During the use of RIF, the daily dosage of cyclosporine (CsA) or tacrolimus was increased to maintain appropriate levels. Because of severe hepatotoxicity and interference with CsA, RIF was withdrawn and STR given in the last three patients. In addition, ciprofloxacin was given in the patient with miliary TB. Levofloxacin was given to the other two patients. All patients survived the TB infection under treatment with at least three drugs. There were five clinical presentations of TB in our HTx recipients. Because of the high incidence of hepatitis and severe drug interaction with CsA or tacrolimus on RIF treatment, avoiding the use of RIF but treatment with at least three drugs is recommended.
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PMID:Various clinical presentations of tuberculosis in heart transplant recipients. 1556 Dec 61

Levofloxacin, commonly used in medical practice, is prescribed to treat pneumonia in patients with comorbidities. Although generally well tolerated and safe, it has a well-known, but rarely reported, undercharacterized and ill-identified hepatotoxicity, with an unknown signature. With cases of fulminant hepatitis, cholestasis episodes reveal an apparently benign progression. Its capability of interference with the glucidic metabolism is also well-known, and the susceptibility factors to these events include age, presence of multiple pathologies and polymedication. The link between Diabetes Mellitus and hepatotoxicity has not yet been identified. Nonetheless, reports of several cases in literature along with the identification of two cases in insulin-treated diabetics, lead to believe that this is a higher-risk group.
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PMID:[Levofloxacin hepatotoxicity. Higher risk in diabetics?]. 2285 23