Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

77 patients with chronic active or persistent hepatitis of type B proved by liver biopsy were divided into two groups. 39 cases were treated with Ara-A. dauricine and polysaccharide of pore umbellate as group I. 38 cases were treated with Ara-A, radix isatidis and radix salviae mitiorrhize as group II. By the end of 3 months in the course, the effective rates of ALT and AST were 68.6% and 68.4% in group I, 34.4% and 34.8% in group II. The rates of HBeAg from positive to negative were 35.9% and 39.5% in group I and II respectively. Follow up to 3 months after cessation of therapy, ALT level was normal in 55.6% of group I and 60% of group II: HBeAg was negative in 42.9% of group I and in 50% of group II. Follow up to 9 months after cessation of the treatment, ALT was normal in 56.3% of group I and in 62.5% of group II, HBeAg was negative in 37.5% of group I and in 60% of group II. These results show that dauricine and polysaccharide of pore umbellate did not strengthen the antiviral effect of Ara-A.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of combined treatment with Ara-A dauricine and Chinese herbs in chronic hepatitis B infection]. 179 48

The course of liver involvement during the first three weeks of typhoid fever was studied in 20 patients. Previous studies of liver involvement in typhoid fever have not considered the time course of changes. In this study, hepatomegaly was found during the 2nd or 3rd wk more often than in the 1st wk (36% vs. 11%), whereas jaundice was detectable in 9% of patients after the 1st wk, but never before. Alkaline phosphatase, AST, and ALT were raised in 100%, 100%, and 91% of cases, respectively, during the 2nd and 3rd wk but during the 1st wk, only 11%, 89%, and 56% had mild increases. This study shows that, although the clinical picture of hepatitis is unusual, liver involvement is invariably present after the 1st wk, and should not be considered as a complication, but as a feature of the disease.
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PMID:The liver in typhoid fever: always affected, not just a complication. 188 3

The effect of prostaglandins (PG) in patients with fulminant and subfulminant viral hepatitis was studied. Seventeen patients presented with FHF secondary to hepatitis A (N = 3), hepatitis B (N = 6) and non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis (N = 8). Fourteen of the 17 patients had stage III or IV hepatic encephalopathy (HE). At presentation, the mean AST was 1844 +/- 1246 units/liter, bilirubin 232 +/- 135 mumol/liter, PT 34 +/- 18 and PTT 73 +/- 26 sec, and coagulation factors V and VII were 8 +/- 4 and 9 +/- 51%, respectively. Twelve of 17 patients responded to PGE1 rapidly, with a decrease in AST from 1540 +/- 833 to 188 +/- 324 units/liter, a decrease in prothrombin time from 27 +/- 7 sec to 12 +/- 1 sec, PTT from 61 +/- 10 sec to 31 +/- 2 sec, and an increase in factor V from 9 +/- 4% to 69 +/- 18% and factor VII from 11 +/- 5% to 71 +/- 20%. Five responders with NANB hepatitis relapsed upon discontinuation of therapy, with recurrence of HE and increases in AST and PT but improvement was observed upon retreatment. After four weeks of intravenous therapy, oral PGE2 was substituted. Two patients have recovered completely and remain in remission six and 12 months following cessation of therapy. Two additional patients continue in remission after two and six months of PGE2. No relapses have been seen in patients with hepatitis A virus (HAV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Liver biopsies in the 12 surviving patients have returned to normal. These results suggest efficacy of PGE for FHF. Further investigation is warranted.
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PMID:Treatment of fulminant viral hepatic failure with prostaglandin E. A preliminary report. 190 42

To determine the effect of a recombinant alpha interferon 2b (Intron-A) and possible benefit of prednisolone pretreatment in chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis, 75 Chinese patients with clinico-histologically proven chronic hepatitis were randomly allocated to one of the following regimens: (A) 3 million units of Intron-A trice weekly for 6 months; (B) dose titration according to ALT-AST values; (C) prednisolone withdrawal followed by regimen A; (D) control group: no treatment for 6 months but followed by alternating treatment with 3 million units of Intron-A trice weekly for 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks no treatment for 6 months. Up to September 30, 1990, 67 patients have been followed for a minimum of 2 months. At the end of the second month, complete response (normal ALT) was achieved in 71% of group A, 50% of group B, 50% of group C and 0% of group D. At the end of the 6th month, the complete response rate was 62%, 47% and 64% respectively in groups A, B and C. The response rates in groups A and C were significantly better than the 7% in the control group. Complete response usually (91%) occurred within 2 months after the first dose of interferon. Relapse occurred in 40% of the complete responders, usually within 2 months of the last dose. The cumulative relapse rate was significantly lower in responders of group C (11% vs 43% in group A and 86% in group B during a period of 6 months). Only mild adverse effects were reported though two patients withdrew because of intolerable fatigue.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prednisolone withdrawal followed by recombinant alfa-interferon in chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: interim results of a randomized controlled trial. 190 74

Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B. In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50%. In those infected at birth, response rates are lower. Twenty-one pretreatment variables were assessed for their significance in response prediction using data from 114 patients given alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. In those patients who had received a minimum of 90 million units per m2 total dose over 12 weeks, a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status (p less than 0.001), chronic active hepatitis on liver biopsy (p less than 0.005), high AST level (p less than 0.001), low hepatitis B virus DNA level (p less than 0.001) and a history of acute hepatitis (p less than 0.005) were all associated with an increased likelihood of response on univariate analysis. On stepwise logistic regression analysis, hepatitis B virus DNA, AST and a history of acute hepatitis predicted response independently (p less than 0.05). The most reliable combination of predictive factors was a negative anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody status, with either a positive history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 45 IU per liter or no history of acute icteric hepatitis and AST greater than 85 IU per liter, which predicted response in 77% with a specificity of 79% (p less than 0.001). The loss of HBsAg in addition to HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA was more likely to occur in patients with chronic infection of less than 2 years duration (p less than 0.001).
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PMID:Treatment of hepatitis B virus infection with interferon. Factors predicting response to interferon. 196 Mar 78

A 49 year old female was started on disulfiram. Six weeks later she was given naproxen because of epicondylitis. After 5 days' treatment with naproxen she complained of nausea, anorexia and jaundice. At admission, bilirubin was 452 mumol/l, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) 1925 U/I, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) 2815 U/I and prothrombin time measured as Normotest was 27%. The patient developed a fulminant hepatitis and died in hepatic coma almost four weeks after the introduction of naproxen. Postmortem examination disclosed a small liver (1,100 g) and histological examination showed massive necrosis and collapse of the lobules. The naproxen was the most probable cause of death, but it is impossible to exclude disulfiram as causative agent.
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PMID:[Fulminating hepatitis after treatment with naproxen and/or disulfiram?]. 200 Jun 13

Detailed liver function test analysis is reported for 30 patients with Alzheimer's disease who were treated with tetrahydroaminoacridine. Results show that a benign elevation of aspartate transaminase occurs in up to 50% cases, that the reaction can be a symptomatic one and that clinical hepatitis can occasionally result. Liver function test changes appear dose-dependent and normalize within 2-4 weeks of stopping the drug or of reducing the dose. Women appear more likely to develop hepatotoxicity than men. Rechallenge with THA in patients previously showing abnormalities in liver function shows that some patients are able to tolerate the drug a second time.
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PMID:Effects of tetrahydroaminoacridine on liver function in patients with Alzheimer's disease. 205 2

Blood donors' screening has been performed during the last twenty years and it has reached a considerable post-transfusion hepatitis prevention due to disqualifying hyperbilirubinemic donors. Since 1981, AST screening has been combined with the attention paid to bilirubin--conditioned plasma colour. In the following years a steep exponential increase of hyperbilirubinemic donors incidence has been observed from 1.3% in 1983 and 1984 to 4.0% in 1988. The possibilities of a relationship to hepatitis epidemic of the years 1979-80 or to other factors are discussed. The hyperbilirubinemias are suggested to be of a posthepatitic character, produced in the unrecognised hepatitis cases who had been subclinical at the time of the epidemic. More information is expected from the development of the trend in the next years.
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PMID:Increasing trend of hyperbilirubinemia incidence in the blood donors population. 210 Jul 46

Twenty-nine patients of 18,000 inpatient admissions over a six-month period developed ischaemic hepatitis accompanied by peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST-EC 2.6.1.1) activity greater than 1,000 U/L. Seventeen of these 29 patients died either during or shortly after the episode of ischaemic hepatitis, with an overall mortality of 58.6%. Mortality was not due in any of the cases to the hepatitis but rather the underlying cause. Ischaemic hepatitis was the commonest cause of an AST activity greater than 1,000 U/L in this hospital population (29 of 52 patients i.e. 56%). This condition is more common than generally appreciated and is associated with a poor prognosis.
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PMID:Mortality associated with ischaemic hepatitis. 187 62

Human leukocyte antigen-D region-related alleles (human leukocyte antigen DR and DQ) and human leukocyte antigen class I alleles were typed serologically in 31 Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis. These patients had increased serum levels of AST and IgG, high titers of autoantibodies, no history of blood transfusion and were negative for HBsAg and antibodies to HBc. Three hundred eighty-six healthy subjects and 30 patients with cryptogenic chronic hepatitis served as control groups. The frequency of DR4 was significantly higher in autoimmune hepatitis patients (90.3%) than in healthy subjects (38.6%) and in cryptogenic chronic hepatitis patients (30%). The frequency of Bw54 was significantly higher in autoimmune hepatitis patients (45.2%) than in healthy subjects (10.9%). The risk to DR4-positive subjects for autoimmune hepatitis was 14.8 relative to healthy subjects. Two of 31 patients (6.5%) with autoimmune hepatitis were positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus; both clearly satisfied criteria for autoimmune hepatitis and both had Bw54 and DR4. This study revealed a highly significant association of autoimmune hepatitis with human leukocyte antigen Bw54 and DR4 in Japanese patients. Among the DR4-positive patients with autoimmune hepatitis, no significant differences were seen between those positive or negative for Bw54 with regard to clinical or laboratory data, relapse of disease or efficacy of prednisolone. Thus human leukocyte antigen class II alleles contribute to susceptibility and resistance to autoimmune hepatitis in Japanese patients, with distinct racial differences from those in white patients.
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PMID:Association of autoimmune hepatitis with HLA-Bw54 and DR4 in Japanese patients. 217 92


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