Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study of the initial liver laboratory tests was carried out in the following patients: 55 patients with alcoholic liver disease, 53 with cholangitis, 41 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 65 with acute viral hepatitis, and 49 with hepatitis-B surface antigen-positive chronic active hepatitis. There was considerable overlap in the levels of the serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) among the five groups. However, the ratio of GT to AP was significantly higher in the group with alcoholic liver disease than in any of the other four groups. When the ratio was higher than 1.4, the diagnostic efficiency for distinguishing the alcohol group from the other four groups was 78% (the normal upper limit for GT and AP being 35 and 115 U/1, respectively). A possible explanation for this higher ratio in alcoholic liver disease is suggested. We conclude that when the GT and AP is greater than 1.4, it is of greater diagnostic value than either variable alone in differentiating alcoholic from other liver diseases.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of the ratio of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to alkaline phosphatase in alcoholic liver disease. 612 89

The following recommendations are to be given for the basis diagnosis of hepatitis: --In the blood donation and blood transfusion institutions the control of the donors is performed by means of the combination ALAT and HBs-antigen (transmigration electrophoresis); depending on methods limits were established showing a high diagnostic specificity. Thus, no doubt, the diagnostic sensitivity is decreased, but the number of the examined persons with falsely positive findings probably diminishes. --For the diagnostics in the clinic the parameters ALAT, ASAT, bilirubin and the thymol turbidity test are at the disposal as criteria of the liver cell damage as well as AP (alkaline phosphatase), AAP and GGT as criteria of the cholostasis and the thymol turbidity test, serum protein including immunoglobulins as criteria of the mesenchymal reaction. The reference areas must be established method-specifically corresponding to the interrogation of the physician. --The isoenzymes of the ALD, the ASAT and the LDH represent an essential enrichment of the diagnostic and prognostic estimation of hepatitis. But at present it is not yet possible to determine these parameters in routine work. However, there gradual introduction into practice should be the aim.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of acute hepatitis]. 613 83

55 soldiers of the Austrian UNO contingent to the Near East, stationed on the Golan Heights for 6 months were examined before and after their period of duty for hepatitis A antibodies and the liver specific enzymes GOT, GTP and gamma-GT were determined. All received prophylactic gamma globulin to prevent infectious hepatitis at a dosage of 0.05 ml/kg body weight before flying out and after three months. No cases of hepatitis occurred, but 4 sero-negative subjects displayed antibody conversion. No concomitant changes in the liver enzyme values were recorded, however. These findings are discussed.
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PMID:[Hepatitis A: antibody conversion under gamma globulin (author's transl)]. 615 46

A 63-year-old woman developed anicteric hepatitis after two weeks of therapy with ranitidine. Despite continuation of therapy, her symptoms resolved within five days and transaminase levels returned to normal in the next four weeks, at which time use of the drug ceased. The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level returned to normal two weeks later. Although liver biopsy and drug rechallenge were not performed, no other cause for the reaction could be found.
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PMID:Possible ranitidine hepatitis. 627 48

Among 2175 patients seen over the last three years in a non-specialized department of internal medicine with no intensive care unit, 100 had supranormal serum lactic dehydrogenase activities. These patients' case-reports have been analyzed. Nearly half the patients (47/100) had a malignant disease (cancer or hemopathy). Among the remaining patients, 19 had a hepatic disorder (alcohol hepatitis in 10, viral hepatitis in 8, and isoniazide hepatitis in 1), 7 had a heart disease (heart failure with hepatomegaly in 5, myocardial infarction in 2), and 27 had various other conditions (including hemolysis in 6 and polymyositis en 3). The value of serum LDH assay is obvious in situations other than acute conditions such as myocardial infarction of pulmonary embolism; these are better known and have not been studied here as their prevalence was low among the patients enlisted in our study. In comparison to other enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), transaminases (GOT, GPT) that were also routinely assayed in our patients, abnormal serum LDH activities are much less common and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum LDH activity indicates a serious condition, often with a fatal outcome. The "various other conditions" group includes patients with hemolysis, hepatitis and myositis; the other patients in this group either had severe infectious diseases or died suddenly in the first few days of their hospitalization before diagnosis had been established. Each etiologic group has been analyzed to asses the characteristics of patients with increased LDH activity according to each etiology. Analysis of coincident abnormalities of the other enzymes listed above shows marked differences between etiologic groups; diagnostic accuracy can thus be enhanced in certain conditions. Most patients with malignancies had poorly differentiated tumors, with metastases: 28 had an epithelial tumor, with hepatic and/or bone metastases in 23 cases, 5 had cancer of the liver, 10 had a malignant hemopathy (2 lymphomas, 5 myeloproliferative syndromes, 3 acute leukemias), and 4 had a sarcoma. Cancer of the lung is the most common malignancy (10 cases) and may be responsible for increased serum LDH activity even in patients without metastases. Serum LDH assay is of value for monitoring the course in patients with initially increased activities as it falls under effective therapy and rises during exacerbations.
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PMID:[Value and diagnostic significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in internal medicine (author's transl)]. 628 24

The gamma-GT/ASAT (aspartate aminotransferase) and gamma-GT/ALAT (alanine aminotransferase) ratios were examined in 6 children with neonatal hepatitis (NH), 14 children with extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA), and 8 children with intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) (of which 3 with the Aagenaes syndrome). A ratio above 1 is suggestive of EHBA. Both ratios differentiate very well between NH and EHBA, but there is considerable overlap in the enzyme ratios between the EHBA and the IHC groups. Gamma-GT/transaminase ratios may prove to be a useful indicator in the diagnostic work-up of children with liver and biliary tract disease, allowing for early surgery in patients with EHBA, and with a low risk of subjecting NH patients to unnecessary surgery. In our cases the gamma-GT/ALAT ratio separated better between EHBA and IHC than the gamma-GT/ASAT ratio. Furthermore, the case histories made EHBA seem unlikely in two out of three IHC patients with a gamma-GT/ALAT ratio above 1.
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PMID:Liver enzyme ratios in neonatal liver disease. 652 89

An analysis of findings of laboratory examinations of 36 patients with a cholestatic form of virus hepatitis and 35 patients with carcinoma of the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone enabled the authors to establish the differential-diagnostic significance of the activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, time of plasma recalcification, plasma tolerance to heparin, fibrinogen content in plasma and fibrinolytic activity in cholestatic hepatitis and mechanical jaundice.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis between the cholestatic form of viral hepatitis and tumor-caused obstructive jaundice]. 664 68

Non-alcoholic steatosis hepatitis and fatty cirrhosis represents an unfamiliar liver disease of yet unknown etiology, which is usually indistinguishable from alcoholic lesions by histological criteria. For the affected patients this means automatically the inappropriate assumption of hidden alcohol abuse. Out of 1467 liver biopsies during 1979 to 1982 we selected 25 patients (group I), who either denied alcohol intake or reported negligible consumption. None of them had taken steatogenous drugs or had been treated by jejuno-ileal bypass operation for morbid obesity. Nevertheless, in all cases liver biopsy demonstrated changes that were thought to be characteristic of alcoholic liver disease. This group was compared with an additional series of 25 patients (group II, selected out of 342 alcoholics), who admitted to a mean daily alcohol ingestion of 145 +/- 37 g. According to body weight, sex ratio, estimated degree of hepatocellular fat deposition and relation of steatosis hepatitis (n = 15) to fatty cirrhosis (n = 12) there were no differences between both groups. In contrast to the alcoholics (group II) significantly lower (p less than 0.001) values of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (127 +/- 138 vs 669 +/- 588 U/l) and mean corpuscular erythrocyte volume (89 +/- 4,7 vs 102 +/- 7,8 fl) occurred among the abstinent patients (group I). However, the considerable overlap of measured values argued against a sufficiently discriminative function of both parameters. On the other hand, the serum SGOT/SGPT ratio (I: 1,0 +/- 0,4 vs II: 3,5 +/- 1,4) as well as the serum immunoglobulin-index IgG/IgA (I: 5,6 +/- 2,1 vs II: 2,7 +/- 0,7) allowed a more than 90% separation between the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Nonalcoholic fatty liver hepatitis and fatty cirrhosis mimicking alcoholic liver diseases]. 665 31

We describe the clinico-pathological characteristics of hepatic injury associated with the toxic-epidemic syndrome caused by the consumption of adulterated rapeseed oil. Of 842 toxic-epidemic syndrome patients admitted to our hospital between May, 1981, and January, 1982, 24.1% showed signs of liver involvement which was more frequent in women and in the fourth decade of life. No statistical significance was found in relation to alcohol consumption, treatment with potentially hepatotoxic antibiotics, or adult respiratory distress syndrome. Most (91.6%) patients with hepatic injury were asymptomatic; jaundice or abdominal pain was rarely noted. One patient died of acute liver failure following Budd-Chiari syndrome. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was raised in all cases, alkaline phosphatase in 94.6%, and less frequently lactate dehydrogenase (80%), SGPT (84.7%), and SGOT (76%). Serum total bilirubin was usually normal (89.2%). The histologic lesion was similar to drug-induced cholestatic hepatitis. Lamellar inclusions, canalicular injury, giant mitochondria, and hyperplasia of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum were seen by electron microscopy. Ultrastructural signs of cholestasis were common (78.9%). The pathogenesis of this lesion is unknown; however, because of similarities with chlorpromazine-induced cholestatic hepatitis, we suggest that a combination of hypersensitivity and intrinsic hepatoxicity is a possible mechanism.
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PMID:Hepatic injury in the toxic epidemic syndrome caused by ingestion of adulterated cooking oil (Spain, 1981). 669 64

In an open clinical study, 31 healthy volunteers were each given three i.v. infusions of 50 ml of a immunoglobulin preparation (Intraglobin) from three different production batches. During a 35-week observation period every three weeks blood specimens were drawn from the participants and analysed for serological (HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe) and clinico-chemical parameters of hepatitis (SGOT, SGPT, gamma-GT and bilirubin levels). In no case evidence of the development of hepatitis arose, nor did the participants suffer from any side-effects during or after the infusions. Ten out of the 31 subjects then received another 150 ml infusion followed by an intradermal application of the new immunoglobulin in a 1:10 dilution four weeks later. No signs of immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reactions could be observed in the volunteers.
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PMID:A clinical study of the tolerance and safety of a beta-propiolactone-treated immunoglobulin. 679 45


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