Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article summarizes the results of a recent study of atomic bomb radiation and non-cancer diseases in the AHS (Adult Health Study) population by the RERF (Radiation Effects Research Foundation) along with a general discussion of previous studies. The association of atomic bomb radiation and CVD was examined by incidence studies and prevalence studies of various endpoints of atherosclerosis, such as MI, stroke, aortic arch calcification, isolated systolic hypertension, and pulse wave velocity, and, although the excess was small, all endpoints indicated an increase of CVD in the heavily exposed group. Because of the consistency of the results, it is almost certain that CVD is higher among atomic bomb survivors. However, all CVD risk factors associated with lifestyle had not necessarily been adjusted for in studies to date, and it is difficult at present to conclude that the increase in CVD among survivors was a direct effect of radiation. Recent studies have demonstrated almost certainly that uterine myoma is more frequent among atomic bomb survivors. It cannot, at present, be concluded that uterine myoma is caused by radiation, because there are no reported studies of other exposed populations. Further analyses including the role of confounding factors as well as molecular approaches are needed to verify this radiation effect. The relationship between atomic bomb radiation exposure and hyperparathyroidism can now be said to have been established in view of the strong dose response, the agreement with results of studies of other populations, the high risk in the younger survivors, and the biological plausibility. Future studies by molecular approaches, etc., are needed to determine the pathogenic mechanism. Among other benign tumours, a dose response has been demonstrated for tumours of the thyroid, stomach and ovary. Although fewer studies have been conducted than for cancer, a clear association between radiation and various benign tumours is emerging. Concerning the association between atomic bomb radiation exposure and chronic liver diseases, the recent incidence study of members of the AHS population demonstrated a significant dose response. Both chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were suggested as being associated with exposure. The possibility that the increased occurrence of chronic liver diseases among the survivors may be due to hepatitis virus infection cannot be excluded, and the results of the ongoing hepatitis C virus antibody titre studies are awaited.
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PMID:Profiles of non-cancer diseases in atomic bomb survivors. 889 51

Serum pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in patients with acute liver diseases were assessed to clarify the clinical significance of these measurements in relation to disease severity. Concentrations of circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) p55 and p75 were measured at admission in patients with fulminant hepatitis (FH; n=19), severe acute hepatitis (AHS, n=15), or acute hepatitis (AH, n=7). Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-10, and sTNFR-55 were significantly higher in patients with FH than in those with AHS (P<.05, <.05, and <.01, respectively) or AH (P<.05). Serum IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels were higher in patients who died of FH (n=13) than in FH survivors (n=6; P<.05). The ratios between TNF-alpha and IL-10 and sTNFR-55 or sTNFR-75 were not valuable in predicting mortality and disease severity. However, both proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels at admission were associated with fatal outcome among patients with FH.
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PMID:High levels of serum interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are associated with fatality in fulminant hepatitis. 1097 6

We report herein a 21-year-old hepatitis B virus (HBV) female carrier who developed persistent fever, lymphadenopathy and pancytopenia in September of 2000. Hemophagocytes were found in the bone marrow smears. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology showed positive for VCA-IgG, IgM and EB-ER and negative for EBNA. The EBV genome was detected in the peripheral blood. The patient was diagnosed as having EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (EBV-AHS) and received chemotherapy. Although she was treated with lamivudine three months after the initiation of chemotherapy, she developed severe hepatitis. She recovered from the hepatitis through a combination of plasma exchange, immunosuppressive and antiviral therapies. Because of the refractoriness of her EBV-AHS to chemotherapy, she received allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from her HLA-identical brother. Hepatitis B did not recur after the PBSCT under administration of lamivudine. The EBV genome in the peripheral blood disappeared soon after the PBSCT but it was revealed again after the initiation of prednisolone for the treatment of acute GVHD. A donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) was given on day 169 and the EBV genome copy number in the peripheral blood gradually decreased and disappeared. Although the origin of the EBV-infected cells could not be determined as being from the host or donor, DLI was a useful treatment for the recurrence of EBV infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for EBV-AHS.
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PMID:[Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for a hepatitis B virus carrier with Epstein-Barr virus associated with hemophagocytic syndrome]. 1519 50