Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hycanthone was given to 15 patients with metastatic cancer in order to determine the maximum tolerable dose. The drug was administered in 5-day courses at 3-week intervals. The starting dose was 30 mg/m2/day and the highest dose level reached was 90 mg/m2/day. The most common (13 patients) side effect was nausea and/or vomiting. The dose-limiting toxicity was toxic hepatitis manifested as elevation in serum transaminases in eight of 15 patients and an increase in serum bilirubin in three patients. Hepatotoxicity was dose-related and was observed in two of 25 courses given at the dose level of less than or equal to 70 mg/m2 compared to seven of nine courses given at the dose level of greater than or equal to 80 mg/m2. Because of an unacceptable incidence of hepatotoxicity at higher doses, 70 mg/m2/day x 5 appears to be a safe dose for phase II studies.
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PMID:Phase I study of hycanthone. 35 76

Twelve patients with liver disease related to methyldopa were seen between 1967 and 1977. Illness occurred within 1--9 weeks of commencement of therapy in 9 patients, the remaining 3 patients having received the drug for 13 months, 15 months and 7 years before experiencing symptoms. Jaundice with tender hepatomegaly, usually preceded by symptoms of malaise, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and associated with upper abdominal pain, was an invariable finding in all patients. Biochemical liver function tests indicated hepatocellular necrosis and correlated with histopathological evidence of hepatic injury, the spectrum of which ranged from fatty change and focal hepatocellular necrosis to massive hepatic necrosis. Most patients showed moderate to severe acute hepatitis or chronic active hepatitis with associated cholestasis. The drug was withdrawn on presentation to hospital in 11 patients, with rapid clinical improvement in 9. One patient died, having presented in hepatic failure, and another, who had been taking methyldopa for 7 years, showed slower clinical and biochemical resolution over a period of several months. The remaining patient in the series developed fulminant hepatitis when the drug was accidentally recommenced 1 year after a prior episode of methyldopa-induced hepatitis. In this latter patient, and in 2 others, the causal relationship between methyldopa and hepatic dysfunction was proved with the recurrence of hepatitis within 2 weeks of re-exposure to the drug.
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PMID:Patterns of hepatic injury induced by methyldopa. 42 37

A fatal case of acute fulminant hepatitis following exposure to dichloropropanols is reported. A 59-year-old male worker in a chemical plant developed general malaise, nausea and vomiting several hours after cleaning a tank that had contained dichloropropanols. He had no previous history of hepatic dysfunction. On admission, hepatomegaly was prominent. Because of highly elevated levels of GOT and GPT in the serum, reduced prothrombin time and a lowered consciousness level, a diagnosis of fulminant hepatitis was made. Significant decreases of leukocytes and platelets were also observed. Serum creatinine and BUN were slightly elevated. Although plasma exchanges were conducted on the third and fourth day, the liver functions continued to deteriorate. The patient died on the fifth day. Because dichloropropanols could be detected in the blood specimens obtained at the time of admission, we considered that fulminant hepatitis in this case was attributed to dichloropropanols exposure. To our knowledge, this is the first case of fulminant hepatitis after dichloropropanols-exposure.
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PMID:[Fulminant hepatitis after the inhalation of dichloropropanols]. 150 13

The Southwest Oncology Group studied the response rate and toxicity of didemnin B (3.47 mg/m2 i.v. q 28 days) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. There were no responses in 22 response evaluable patients. Toxicity was significant with 10 patients having grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Toxicity seen included nausea and vomiting, exacerbation of coronary artery disease, hyperglycemia, anorexia, diarrhea and hepatitis. Didemnin B was toxic but inactive in patients with renal cell treated at this dose.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of didemnin B in advanced adenocarcinoma of the kidney. A Southwest Oncology Group study. 160 54

Recombinant human gamma interferon (Biogen) and vinblastine were administered in a phase I study. Side effects included fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, acute symptomatic hyponatremia, reversible myelosuppression, hepatitis, transient hypotension, congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, and nonselective proteinuria. In most patients, additional host factors contributed to these toxic effects. Side effects occurred despite dose reduction; therefore, protocol accrual was prematurely closed. No correlation between serum concentrations and toxicity was noted. Median serum vinblastine concentration was 1.04 ng/ml; median serum interferon concentration was 17.3 IU/ml.
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PMID:Hyponatremia and other toxic effects during a phase I trial of recombinant human gamma interferon and vinblastine. 309 Dec 46

The combination treatment of mitomycin C (M), vincristine (V), and cisplatin (P) (MVP) in 63 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated for their potential synergistic cytotoxicity. The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable patients, the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, patients with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 patients were myelosuppression (40%), pulmonary fibrosis (9%), peripheral neuropathy (6%), and intractable nausea and vomiting (4%). The degree of leukopenia (P less than 0.01) but not of thrombocytopenia increased significantly in patients who had received prior radiotherapy. One patient died of marked thrombocytopenia and one of fulminant hepatitis. Patients who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, MVP was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of a combination of mitomycin C, vincristine, and cisplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 394 Jun 22

Efforts were made to characterize the clinical and biochemical behaviour of NANB hepatitis in 51 patients. 15 patients had posttransfusion NANB hepatitis, 36 a sporadic form of the disease. The patients' complaints predominantly were nausea and vomiting (64%), in about each 25% cardial complaints, lassitude, muscle pain and fever were observed. An eczema in a kind of maculopapular eruptions was frequently seen. The ratio of SGOT/SGPT was almost never less 1.0, Gamma-GT was consistently increased. The biochemical changes relapsed frequently. In posttransfusion NANB hepatitis the relapses were observed to occur predominantly around day 21, 28, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, and in further weekly intervals.
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PMID:The cyclic behaviour of NANB hepatitis as basis for standardized diagnostic. 614 Jan 98

General anesthesia offers greater comfort for both the abortion patient and the operator. The combination of diazepam and ketamine which is rapidly reversible and offers a moderately deep anesthesia was used in 127 voluntary abortions and 3 therapeutic abortions. Patients ranged in age from 14-40 years and averaged 26, with 58% under 26. Patient weights ranged from 40-82 kg and averaged 56 kg. 43% were primaparas and average parity was 2.5. The average duration of the prenancy was 8.1 weeks. 10 patients were obese, 1 was asthmatic, 1 was a controlled hypertensive, 3 had cardiopathies, and 4 each had hepatitis and meningitis. 1 had treated epilepsy and 2 had serious depressive syndromes. 3 women had previously had voluntary abortions, 9 had had miscarriages, and 1 had had an extrauterine pregnancy. 17% had no fear or anxiety before the procedure, 56% had moderate levels, 28% had significant levels, and 19% had very high levels. 94% of the procedures were done by aspiration and in most cases a preliminary insertion of laminaria was done. The average duration of the procedure was 5 minutes, with extremes of 2 and 25 minutes. Patients were premedicated 1 hour before the procedure with intramuscular injections of 10 mg diazepam and 1/4 mg of atropine. For the induction, a butterfly needle with an antireturn system was used to inject 10 mg of diazepam and 1/4 mg of atropine diluted in 20 ml of distilled water. The patient was placed in the gynecological position and, if necessary, 5 mg of diazepam were added. Between .5-1 mg/kg of ketamine were injected in 10-15 seconds. The same dose was reinjected if the anesthesia was insufficient or the procedure was prolonged. A mixture of 40% oxygen and 60% nitrous oxide was administered if necessary. Patients remained in bed for 6 hours after awakening. 85% of patients received total doses of ketamine of .70mg/kg or less. Average duration of anesthesia was 9.2 minutes, with durations of less than 15 minutes in 94% of cases. On awakening 5% of patients had nausea and vomiting. 16% had minor psychic disturbances or disorientation, 8% had moderate problems with vocalization, and 2% had hallucinatory delirium with agitation. Overall, 20% of patients experienced headaches, 11% nausea, and 9% dizziness. It was concluded that the combination of diazepam .2 mg/kg and ketamine .5-.7 mg/kg provides well tolerated light anesthesia utilizable for outpatient abortions.
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PMID:[Diazepam and ketamine for voluntary interruptions of pregnancy]. 692 72

During normal pregnancy, serum transaminase levels remain within normal limits. An elevated level observed in a pregnant woman always signals a disease process, most often of hepatic origin, but in certain cases, of muscular origin. During the last three months of pregnancy and in the immediate post partum period a large number of liver diseases can cause elevated transaminase levels, depending upon the clinical presentation. In everyday practice, a complete liver battery together with specialized consultation is required for all pregnant women with raised transaminase levels. Toxaemia gravis may be evident in patients with severely raised blood pressure, especially if seizures occur. Epigastric or subcostal pain should suggest hepatic involvement. Hypertension may however be absent and epigastric or left shoulder pain may be the only clinical signs. Acute liver steatosis is 20 to 50 times more rare than toxaemia and may cause nausea and vomiting. Certain non-specific signs such as asthenia, anorexia, polyalgia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and fever, together with pruritus should suggest acute hepatitis. A 25-fold increase in transaminase level is commonly encountered. The risk of fulminating hepatitis is less than 1/1000 but should always be entertained. All drugs should be stopped and careful research for recent xenobiotic contamination (drugs, infusions, alphamethyldopa, etc.) should be undertaken. Viral hepatitis requires serovaccination of the newborn at birth. Herpetic hepatitis is rare but requires rapid diagnosis (liver biopsy) and treatment with acyclovir in addition to cesarean section and treatment of the newborn at birth. Rare cases of hepatitis E may occur after a stay in North Africa, the Middle-East, Southeast Asia or Mexico. Chronic cases with or without temporary pruritus suggest infectious hepatitis B or C although, in chronic hepatitis C, serum transaminase levels often return to normal during pregnancy. Rare cases of asymptomatic elevations of serum transaminase levels can reveal subclinical chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:[Significance of elevated transaminase levels at the end of pregnancy]. 802 21

The results of treating 12 consecutive patients with unresectable colorectal hepatic metastases with a hepatic arterial infusion of high-dose Adriamycin, 100-120 mg/m2, using hepatic venous isolation (HVI) and charcoal hemoperfusion (CHP) are reported herein. Adriamycin was administered over 5-15 min under extracorporeal drug elimination by HVI-CHP. HVI was percutaneously accomplished by either the double-balloon technique using a Fogarty occlusion catheter (8/22F) or a balloon-tipped catheter (16F). During the infusion, isolated hepatic venous blood was filtered by CHP and pumped into the left axillary vein. There were no lethal complications, and good hemodynamic tolerance to HVI-CHP was confirmed. Tumor liquefaction accompanied by a sharp decrease in serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels by more than 50% of pretreatment levels was observed in 6 of the 12 patients 1 month after treatment. Apart from chemical hepatitis, which developed in 11 (92%) of the patients, the Adriamycin toxicities were well controlled following the development of nausea and vomiting in 2 patients (17%), leukopenia < 2,000/mm3 in 3 (25%), and gastric ulcer in 1 (8%). These results indicate that this method is a safe and useful procedure for otherwise hazardous high-dose intra-arterial chemotherapy in patients with unresectable hepatic tumors.
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PMID:Percutaneous hepatic venous isolation and extracorporeal charcoal hemoperfusion for high-dose intraarterial chemotherapy in patients with colorectal hepatic metastases. 872 14


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