Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The main side-effects of BCG vaccination by scarification in 511 patients with malignant melanoma since 1974 have been fatigue and exhaustion, swelling of the lymph-nodes, influenza-like symptoms, nausea and dizziness. Only in 8 patients were the side-effects more severe, requiring the cessation of treatment in some of them. One patient developed granulomatous hepatitis, another experienced a reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis. Allergic reactions occurred in two patients. A further patient developed recurrent erysipelas in the draining areas of the scarification. In two patients we observed continuous severe joint troubles, which were not due to metastatic disease. The eighth patient developed keloids at the vaccination sites on the upper arms. One third of the patients had no side-effects. Altogether vaccinations were tolerated well by most of the patients. Nearly all of them were able to work normally.
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PMID:[Side effects of BCG immune therapy in 511 patients with malignant melanoma]. 670 81

A retrospective questionnaire revealed 11 patients with halothane related liver disturbances in Finland in 1972-1981. Seven of the cases were regarded as obvious and two as probable halothane hepatitis (HH). Four patients suffered HH twice, and none of the cases had a fatal outcome. The speed of onset of icterus correlated with the number of halothane exposures, as did the increase in liver enzyme (ASAT, ALAT) activities and the increase in serum bilirubin concentration. Halothane anaesthesia is strictly contraindicated if a nondefinite icterus has appeared after a previous exposure to halothane. It should not be given if unclear fever or prolonged nausea have followed a previous exposure. No major adverse effects or organ toxicity connected with enflurane were found.
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PMID:Liver damage after halothane anaesthesia: analysis of cases in Finnish hospitals in 1972-1981. 673 54

A 49-year-old woman presented with nausea, general malaise, and a dull ache in the right hypochondrium. Liver biopsy showed slight inflammatory-cell infiltration, and results of liver function tests suggested hepatitis. Hepatitis B surface antigen was not detected, and a cholecystogram was normal. Two years later she presented with similar symptoms, and both illnesses were found to have occurred after ingestion of a herbal remedy containing kelp, motherwort, skullcap, and mistletoe. A challenge test established this to be the cause of the illness. Mistletoe is the only constituent of the tablets known to contain any potential toxin and thus was probably the cause of the illness. Mistletoe is widely used in herbal remedies, whose ingestion may therefore cause hepatitis.
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PMID:Mistletoe hepatitis. 677 41

General anesthesia offers greater comfort for both the abortion patient and the operator. The combination of diazepam and ketamine which is rapidly reversible and offers a moderately deep anesthesia was used in 127 voluntary abortions and 3 therapeutic abortions. Patients ranged in age from 14-40 years and averaged 26, with 58% under 26. Patient weights ranged from 40-82 kg and averaged 56 kg. 43% were primaparas and average parity was 2.5. The average duration of the prenancy was 8.1 weeks. 10 patients were obese, 1 was asthmatic, 1 was a controlled hypertensive, 3 had cardiopathies, and 4 each had hepatitis and meningitis. 1 had treated epilepsy and 2 had serious depressive syndromes. 3 women had previously had voluntary abortions, 9 had had miscarriages, and 1 had had an extrauterine pregnancy. 17% had no fear or anxiety before the procedure, 56% had moderate levels, 28% had significant levels, and 19% had very high levels. 94% of the procedures were done by aspiration and in most cases a preliminary insertion of laminaria was done. The average duration of the procedure was 5 minutes, with extremes of 2 and 25 minutes. Patients were premedicated 1 hour before the procedure with intramuscular injections of 10 mg diazepam and 1/4 mg of atropine. For the induction, a butterfly needle with an antireturn system was used to inject 10 mg of diazepam and 1/4 mg of atropine diluted in 20 ml of distilled water. The patient was placed in the gynecological position and, if necessary, 5 mg of diazepam were added. Between .5-1 mg/kg of ketamine were injected in 10-15 seconds. The same dose was reinjected if the anesthesia was insufficient or the procedure was prolonged. A mixture of 40% oxygen and 60% nitrous oxide was administered if necessary. Patients remained in bed for 6 hours after awakening. 85% of patients received total doses of ketamine of .70mg/kg or less. Average duration of anesthesia was 9.2 minutes, with durations of less than 15 minutes in 94% of cases. On awakening 5% of patients had nausea and vomiting. 16% had minor psychic disturbances or disorientation, 8% had moderate problems with vocalization, and 2% had hallucinatory delirium with agitation. Overall, 20% of patients experienced headaches, 11% nausea, and 9% dizziness. It was concluded that the combination of diazepam .2 mg/kg and ketamine .5-.7 mg/kg provides well tolerated light anesthesia utilizable for outpatient abortions.
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PMID:[Diazepam and ketamine for voluntary interruptions of pregnancy]. 692 72

A case is described wherein a 29 year old woman was admitted to the hospital because of the possibility of a hepatic tumor; symptoms included abdominal pain, diffuse hepatic enlargement and absence of uptake in an area of the right hepatic lobe. After a normal pregnancy and delivery 11 years earlier the patient used oral contraceptives (OCs) composed of norethindrone with mestranol until 8 years before entry; 5 years before admission she resumed use of an OC containing norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol. She smoked 1.5 packages of cigarettes and drank 1 glass of wine daily, and there was no history of nausea, vomiting, melena, jaundice, dark urine, light stools, hepatitis, or blood transfusions. Benign lesions which are known to be caused by OCs fall into 2 groups: designated focal nodular hyperplasia and liver-cell adenoma. The evidence linking the latter with OCs is more convincing since in case-controlled studies the risk of development of adenomas has been shown to increase with the estrogen strength of the OCs and duration of use; in women who have been taking OCs over 7 years the relative risk is 500 times that for matched control nonusers. The vascular complications of OC therapy include Budd-Chiari syndrome, peliosis hepatis, and periportal sinusoidal dilatation. The patient in this case was diagnosed to have periportal and midzonal hepatic sinusoidal dilatation association with OC medication. She underwent an operation on her liver which proved to be successful combined with cessation of OC use. The mechanism by which OCs cause these lesions is not known. In 5 of 13 cases similar to the one described here clinical and biochemical abnormalities resolved and 1 patient had a follow-up liver biopsy that revealed normal findings 10 months after cessation of OC therapy; there is no evidence to suggest that sinusoidal dilatation is irreversible.
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PMID:Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 40-1982. Tender hepatomegaly in a 29-year-old woman. 711 Feb 74

We discuss the case of a 24-year-old black woman at 33--34 weeks gestation, who after intravenous injection of Talwin presented with the following symptom complex: pyrexia, nausea, vomiting, shaking, chills, headache, myalgias, polyarthralgias, severe abdominal pain and "contractions." This symptomatology presents a complex diagnostic problem. Systematic laboratory evaluation eliminated more common etiologies, i.e., sub-acute bacterial endocarditis, HAA + hepatitis, placental abruption, chorioamnionitis, and urinary tract infection. The Talwin had been filtered through cotton ball. History plus exclusion of other etiologies led to the diagnosis of "cotton fever." The available literature is reviewed, and the importance of recognizing this entity when servicing a pregnant population with a high rate of drug abuse is discussed.
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PMID:Cotton fever and pregnancy. A confusing clinical problem. 721 12

Alpha-methyldopa-induced histologic alterations were investigated in 21 patients with hepatic injury after short- and long-term exposure. Seven patients developed liver injury within 6 months and 24 after several years (mean, 5 years) of exposure. Histologic findings and clinical and biochemical data differed significantly in the two groups. Morphologic analysis of the short-term-treated group revealed marked parenchymatous degeneration, focal, confluent and massive necrosis, and inflammation. Fatty accumulation and increased fibrous trabeculae were characteristic for the patients treated for long term. All patients in the short-term-exposed group had acute and severe hepatitis. Four of them had icterus. Two patients died of hepatic coma. Patients in the long-term-treated group had for several months initially mild but increasing discomfort, dyspepsia, nausea, and colics. Liver function tests in these groups revealed differences in serum albumin, bilirubin, and transferase levels. No changes were observed in alkaline phosphatase and Thrombotest. Fat accumulation and fibrous trabeculae suggest that the alterations precede the clinical symptoms and biochemical signs of hepatitis. The findings show that alpha-methyldopa may induce hepatocellular injury after short- and long-term exposure.
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PMID:Morphologic alterations in patients with alpha-methyldopa-induced liver damage after short- and long-term exposure. 732 15

Thirty-eight patients with plaque-type psoriasis were enrolled in a double-blind psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) treatment study comparing the efficacy and side effects of 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). Patients treated with 8-MOP healed significantly faster than those on 5-MOP for 6 weeks of treatment, but there was no significant difference after 9 weeks. There was no significant difference in side effects between the two groups, but nausea tended to be more common in the 8-MOP group. One patient on 5-MOP had signs of toxic hepatitis. The importance for maximizing absorption of taking 5-MOP with food is stressed, and PUVA treatment should be given 3 h after intake of the drug.
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PMID:Treatment of psoriasis with psoralens and ultraviolet A. A double-blind comparison of 8-methoxypsoralen and 5-methoxypsoralen. 788 Jul 62

We present a case of unknown fever and abnormal liver functions which developed during the course of pain management for herpes zoster with repeated epidural blocks with 0.5% lidocaine 10 ml. The patient was a 67 year old woman. At her first admission to dermatology, there were no abnormal findings in her blood examinations. She complained of severe pain from herpes zoster. She was admitted to the pain clinic. She received thoracic epidural blocks with 0.5% lidocaine 10 ml repeatedly three or four times a week. Two weeks later, she developed general fatigue, appetite loss, nausea and a high fever. Blood examinations revealed the elevation of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma glutamyltrans peptidase (gamma-GTP), C reactive protein (CRP), and blood sedimentation rate (BSR). Many examinations including abdominal and thoracic computer tomography and abdominal echograph could not reveal the cause of high fever and abnormal blood examinations. We continued the thoracic epidural block for her herpes zoster pain. GOT, GPT, ALP, and gamma-GTP gradually went down to normal values in next two weeks, though fever still persisted. At this time, lymphocyte cell simulation test with 0.5 % lidocaine was positive and eosinophylic cell had increased to 5%. After ceasing the epidural block, fever resolved and blood examinations returned to normal values. These findings suggest strongly that 0.5% lidocaine induced fever and hepatitis.
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PMID:[Unknown fever and abnormal liver functions after repeated epidural blocks with lidocaine for management of herpes zoster pain]. 818 88

The range of diseases in which intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective has expanded significantly since its initial use in primary antibody deficiency. There are at present at least 17 preparations of IVIG in use worldwide with similar profiles of adverse effects. Infusion-related effects range in severity. Mild adverse reactions (headache, flushing, low backache, nausea, wheezing) are often associated with a fast infusion rate, and respond rapidly on slowing the infusion. Very rare episodes of life-threatening anaphylaxis may occur, particularly in those IgA-deficient patients with anti-IgA antibodies; such patients should receive an IgA-depleted preparation of IVIG. There are concerns with any blood product about safety in regard to viral transmission. The 4 outbreaks of non-A non-B hepatitis (probably hepatitis C) in the 1980s were associated with the use of particular batches of IVIG. The more recent exclusion of all anti-hepatitis C virus positive individuals from the donor pool, and the introduction of specific antiviral steps in the manufacture of IVIGs, should prevent further outbreaks. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is effectively inactivated during the manufacturing process itself and HIV transmission has not been reported with IVIG. Rarely, haematological (Coombs' test positive haemolysis), neurological (aseptic meningitis) or renal (transient rises in serum creatinine) adverse effects may be seen when high doses of IVIG are used for immunomodulatory purposes. Haemolysis, due to passive transmission of blood group antibodies (anti-A, anti-D), may be prevented by selecting IVIG batches that give a negative cross-match between the recipient's red cells and IVIG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Adverse effects of intravenous immunoglobulin. 826 Jan 19


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