Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neocarzinostatin (NCZ), a new antitumor antibiotic, was administered to 19 patients with bladder cancer, 16 patients with prostatic cancer, and 3 patients with hepatoma. All patients had objectively measurable metastatic lesions including 21 with palpable nodes or subcutaneous nodules, 10 with pulmonary nodules as demonstrated by chest x-ray, 4 with malignant hepatomegaly, and 3 with bidimensional pelvic masses as demonstrated by CT scanning. Sixty-five courses of NCZ were administered via an intravenous bolus daily for five days with dosages ranging from 1500 to 3000 U/m2. Immediate toxicity was not dose-limiting except for 1 episode of anaphylaxis and 1 of acute renal failure. Myelotoxicity was delayed, dose-dependent, noncumulative, and dose-limiting. Thrombocytopenia was prolonged or irreversible in 5 cases. The maximally tolerated dose was 2750 U/m2. One patient with NCZ-associated pulmonary fibrosis and 1 with biopsy-proven hepatitis are discussed in detail. Neocarzinostatin demonstrated minimal therapeutic activity (1 partial remission) in patients with bladder cancer. There was no response in patients with prostatic cancer or hepatoma.
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PMID:Phase II trial of neocarzinostatin in patients with bladder and prostatic cancer: toxicity of a five-day iv bolus schedule. 644 76

We compared light pen (LPEN) and Region of Interest (ROI) computer methods in determining spleen-to-liver (S/L) ratios both in anterior and posterior images in various liver diseases. The S/L ratio was independent of age or type of colloid used (equal particle size provided). Results with corresponding LPEN and ROI programs did not differ significantly from each other. The sensitivity and specificity were tested and the anterior view yielded somewhat better results than the posterior view but the best results were obtained when both projections were used. The sensitivity for all liver diseases was 60% and the corresponding specificity 93%. In hepatocellular diseases the sensitivity was 80-100%, but the S/L ration had only 37% sensitivity for hepatic metastases. Hepatomegaly in the anterior view was found in 67% of fatty liver cases, in 25% of cirrhosis cases, in 20% of hepatitis and in 25% of metastatic livers. Splenomegaly was noted in 39-54% of patients with hepatocellular diseases but only in 4-10% of metastatic diseases.
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PMID:The spleen-to-liver ratios in hepatic diseases. 653 Dec 14

A 33-yr-old Puerto Rican women was hospitalized for chemotherapy and multiple antibiotic treatment for relapse of acute myelomonocytic leukemia. While she was already receiving amphotericin for suspected Aspergillus infection, she developed hepatomegaly and abnormal liver enzymes with high serum bilirubin. The blood cultures were negative. Percutaneous liver biopsy revealed granulomatous fungal hepatitis identified by cultures as Trichosporon cutaneum. In spite of the continued administration of amphotericin, with the addition of 5-fluorocytosine, Trichosporon was later cultured from her blood, and she succumbed to fungemia and polymicrobial sepsis.
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PMID:Trichosporon hepatitis. 657 26

This study evaluated the subchronic (14-day) toxicity of selected (0.2, 1.0, and 4.0 mg/kg) daily subcutaneous injections of diethylstilbestrol (DES) in female (C57B1/6 X C3H)F1 mice. Parameters observed included body and organ weights, gross organ morphology, histopathology, clinical chemistry, and hepatic microsomal enzyme activities. The liver, bone marrow, and thymus are major target organs for DES. Liver enlargement, with associated histopathological changes consistent with mild hepatitis, centrolobular necrosis, and sinusoidal changes were observed. Supporting the histological changes were alterations in serum enzyme levels and microsomal enzyme activity. Bone marrow changes included decreases in the number of cells as well as the number of colony forming units per gram stem cells. Toxicity to the thymus was evidenced by decreased thymic weights and lymphocyte depletion. The hepatic and thymic effects were observed at the lowest (0.2 mg/kg) dose. Although all parameters were not assessed for recovery, those that were evaluated returned to control levels by thirty days after treatment.
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PMID:Subchronic toxicology of diethystilbestrol in the mouse. 662 66

Bridging hepatic necrosis has, in the past, been found to be of prognostic significance in patients with acute viral hepatitis. In two studies performed on a selected group of patients with acute viral hepatitis, one-third of the patients with bridging hepatic necrosis developed chronic liver disease. These patients differed from the average hepatitis patient in that they were more severely ill and a higher percentage of them had acute viral hepatitis Type B. As all army personnel in Israel who develop jaundice and are suspected of having acute viral hepatitis are hospitalized, regardless of their clinical state, they constitute a group of patients not preselected for severity of illness. Forty-eight soldiers diagnosed clinically and biochemically as having viral hepatitis were hospitalized during a 27-month period. After giving informed consent, 41 of them underwent a liver needle biopsy within a few days of hospitalization. Each histological specimen was coded, and was then examined for bridging hepatic necrosis by three independent observers. Fourteen patients (34%) were found to have bridging hepatic necrosis. Clinically, these patients could not be clearly separated from the group without bridging hepatic necrosis, although hepatomegaly was more frequent among them, and their mean leukocyte count and bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels were higher. During a follow-up of more than 1 year, patients in both groups recovered completely. Four patients, two in each group, consented to a second liver needle biopsy, which was found to be normal. We conclude that bridging hepatic necrosis seems to be more common than expected, and does not seem to have the severe prognostic significance attributed to it in the past.
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PMID:Bridging hepatic necrosis in acute viral hepatitis. 669 68

A 12 year old boy with Burkitt's lymphoma developed severe hepatitis with hepatomegaly, subclinical jaundice, and a small rise in body temperature, associated with an important rise in SGPT and fall in prothrombin titres, 6 days after anticancer chemotherapy and 24 hours after halothane anaesthesia. Hepatitis A and B serology remained negative. This hepatic failure explained perhaps the unusually severe vincristine toxicity which gave rise to a polyneuritis with important sequelae. The association of halothane hepatitis with antimitotic drugs appeared particularly dangerous, and halothane should probably be avoided in all patients been given or about to be given anticancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Post-anesthetic hepatitis. The role of halothane and antimitotic combinations]. 674 42

Starting from the question, whether the morphological substrate of the degenerative damage of the liver parenchyma possesses an adequate clinical and prognostic valency 127 patients with histologically ascertained findings underwent a secondary examination over a period from 1 to 8 years (average 4 years). In two thirds of the patients the occurrence of a virus hepatitis in the anamnesis was conspicuous so that the suggestion of causal connections is obvious. An important clinical symptom of the degenerative damage of the liver parenchyma represent the findings of a hepatomegaly in the majority of the patients. Only in pathological results the laboratory-chemical parameters allowed diagnostic conclusions. Controls of the course, in which in 80 patients clinical and biochemical investigations as well as in 47 patients additional histological investigations of the liver were the basis, showed an involution in 48 patients (37.8%). 58 cases (45.7%) had a constant course of the disease. In 21 patients (16.5%) the degenerative damage of the liver parenchyma showed a processing tendency. Most patients with morphologically ascertained progressing courses of the disease gave anamnestic and/or histological references to a virus hepatitis gone through. The morphological substrate of the degenerative damage of the liver parenchyma partly by all means a value of a disease is to be ascribed to. The possibility of a transition stage to a defined chronic hepatopathy which is not to be excluded in several cases renders controls of the course necessary.
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PMID:[Clinical and prognostic significance of degenerative liver parenchyma damage]. 688 Mar 12

In order to assess the prevalence of venocclusive disease in autopsied recipients of bone marrow transplantation, we reviewed coded liver histology from 204 consecutive autopsied recipients transplanted for leukemia (142), other malignancies (5), or aplastic anemia (57). Twenty-seven patients with leukemia, 2 with carcinoma, and 3 with aplasia had venocclusive disease and survived 2-86 days post-transplant. Early lesions showed subintimal edema and hemorrhage within small central venules and centrilobular congestion with hepatocyte degeneration. Later lesions showed subtotal to complete fibrous obliteration of the central venule lumina and centrilobular sinusoidal fibrosis. Thirteen patients had a subclinical course, and 19 were symptomatic. Venocclusive disease was life-threatening or lethal in 13. Typical symptoms developed 1-3 wk post-transplant and consisted of sudden weight gain, hepatic enlargement, ascites, high bilirubin, and encephalopathy. Statistical analyses showed a significantly higher prevalence of venocclusive disease associated with transplantation for leukemia (P = 0.014), pretransplant conditioning with more rigorous chemoradiotherapy regimens (P < 0.001) and three- to fourfold increase of venocclusive disease in patients whose conditioning included dimethyl busulfan (P < 0.005). Abnormal liver tests before transplant were also more prevalent among patients with venocclusive disease. No factors predicted the clinical outcome of established venocclusive disease. Venocclusive disease showed no association with hepatic graft-versus-host disease even among prolonged cases with severe periportal hepatitis and cholestasis. Other centrilobular lesions (hepatocyte degeneration, sinusoidal fibrosis, and phlebosclerosis) were identified in 23 patients. These non-specific changes may occur with viral hepatitis, graft-versus-host disease or chemoradiotherapy effects.
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PMID:An analysis of hepatic venocclusive disease and centrilobular hepatic degeneration following bone marrow transplantation. 700 4

Campylobacter coli is known to cause ulcerous enterocolitis, but hepatitis has not yet been reported. A 50-year-old woman without history of liver disease was admitted with diarrhoea, fever, poor general condition, subicterus and enlarged liver. Campylobacter coli was grown in haemoculture, and a specific antibiotic treatment resulted in complete cure. The results of haemoculture, the necrosis and polymorphonuclear infiltrates found in liver biopsies, the return to normal of biochemical tests and liver size under antibiotic therapy and the absence of any other cause of acute or chronic liver disease are strong arguments in favour of the hepatitis being caused by Campylobacter coli in this patient.
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PMID:[Hepatitis caused by Campylobacter coli (author's transl)]. 707 Sep 93

A case is described wherein a 29 year old woman was admitted to the hospital because of the possibility of a hepatic tumor; symptoms included abdominal pain, diffuse hepatic enlargement and absence of uptake in an area of the right hepatic lobe. After a normal pregnancy and delivery 11 years earlier the patient used oral contraceptives (OCs) composed of norethindrone with mestranol until 8 years before entry; 5 years before admission she resumed use of an OC containing norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol. She smoked 1.5 packages of cigarettes and drank 1 glass of wine daily, and there was no history of nausea, vomiting, melena, jaundice, dark urine, light stools, hepatitis, or blood transfusions. Benign lesions which are known to be caused by OCs fall into 2 groups: designated focal nodular hyperplasia and liver-cell adenoma. The evidence linking the latter with OCs is more convincing since in case-controlled studies the risk of development of adenomas has been shown to increase with the estrogen strength of the OCs and duration of use; in women who have been taking OCs over 7 years the relative risk is 500 times that for matched control nonusers. The vascular complications of OC therapy include Budd-Chiari syndrome, peliosis hepatis, and periportal sinusoidal dilatation. The patient in this case was diagnosed to have periportal and midzonal hepatic sinusoidal dilatation association with OC medication. She underwent an operation on her liver which proved to be successful combined with cessation of OC use. The mechanism by which OCs cause these lesions is not known. In 5 of 13 cases similar to the one described here clinical and biochemical abnormalities resolved and 1 patient had a follow-up liver biopsy that revealed normal findings 10 months after cessation of OC therapy; there is no evidence to suggest that sinusoidal dilatation is irreversible.
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PMID:Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 40-1982. Tender hepatomegaly in a 29-year-old woman. 711 Feb 74


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