Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical sarcocystosis was studied in 37 goats after inoculation with graded doses of sporocysts of Sarcocystis capracanis. Eight uninoculated goats served as controls. Clinical response varied with the dose. Goats inoculated with 10-40 million sporocysts died between 11 and 13 days after inoculation (DAI), from interstitial pneumonia, vasculitis, and necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes. All goats inoculated with 100,000 or 1 million sporocysts died between 19 and 23 DAI; clinical signs were anorexia, fever (40-41 C), anemia, and weight loss. Four of 4 goats inoculated with 50,000 sporocysts and 1 of 4 inoculated with 10,000 sporocysts died 24, 28, 39, 68, and 61 DAI, respectively. Goats inoculated with 1,000 sporocysts and uninoculated goats remained clinically normal. After day 18 and before day 68, packed cell volume and hemoglobin content decreased to as low as 11% and 3.6 g/dl, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities were inconsistently increased. Blood urea nitrogen and bilirubin values were increased, reaching as high as 63 mg/dl and 10 mg/dl, respectively. Histologically, thymic atrophy, vasculitis, hepatitis, cholangitis, myocarditis, generalized myositis, and encephalomyelitis were the main microscopic findings. The cause of the anemia in goats that died after day 19 was not determined.
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PMID:Sarcocystosis in goats: clinical signs and pathologic and hematologic findings. 678 65

A combination therapy consisting of daily intrarectal administration of 1,500 mg of FT-207 suppository, daily or every three day bladder instillation of 40 mg adriamycin for a total of 20 applications, and once per week intramuscular administration of 5 KE OK-432 was described. The therapy was performed in 30 cases of advanced bladder cancer. The effectiveness evaluated by Karnofsky's criteria was as follows: 8 cases of 0-0, 2 of 0-A, 1 of 0-B, 2 of 0-C, 7 of 1-A and 10 of 1-B, showing an effective rate of 57%. Local pain was observed in 20 cases (67%), pancytopenia in 1 (3%), hepatitis in 4 (13%), stomatitis in 5 (17%) and anorexia in 6 (20%). From this clinical trial, it is presumed that combination therapy administering FT-207 intrarectally, adriamycin intravesically and OK-432 intramuscularly might be used for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer provided sufficient care is taken of general side effects.
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PMID:Immunochemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer using FT-207, adriamycin and OK-432. 681 68

An in vivo murine model for immunodeficiency of both B and T cells is produced by continuous intraperitoneal infusion of 2'-deoxycoformycin (DCF), a specific tightly binding inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADase; adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4). After DCF infusion, ADase of thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes was inhibited to varying degrees ranging from 57% to 100%. Immunodeficiency under these conditions was indicated by: (i) a striking decrease in lymphocyte response to the T-cell mitogens concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin; (ii) an impairment of delayed hypersensitivity measured by the footpad reaction; (iii) a decrease in antibody production measured in both in vivo and in vitro plaque-forming cell assay; (iv) a significant prolongation of mouse skin allograft survival after transplantation into the C57BL/6J (H-2b) strain of skin from BALB/c (H-2d) mice; and (v) a marked lymphopenia. Histological examination indicated lymphoid degeneration in the thymus, lymph nodes, and spleen with no alterations in other tissues including bone marrow, kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and liver except for the occurrence of hepatitis. A decrease in the number of Thy-1-positive cells in both spleen and lymph nodes further supported the fact of cytotoxicity of DCF to T cells. Anorexia and weight loss were observed within 5 days of continuous DCF infusion at 0.4 mg/kg body weight per day. These data indicate that this method provides an experimental model for future studies on the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the genetically determined severe combined immunodeficiency disease in man.
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PMID:Animal model for immune dysfunction associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency. 696 8

Eleven patients with Dubin-Johnson syndrome (DJS) were studied clinicopathologically. In three patients with DJS, concomitant chronic hepatitis was observed. They showed long-standing jaundice with the symptoms of general fatigue and anorexia. Laboratory tests revealed mild hypertransaminasemia, elevated serum bilirubin (over 5.0 mg/dl) and a high level of serum Bromsulphalein (BSP) retention at 45 min (above 18%). Two patients complicated with chronic hepatitis showed a rather slow secondary rise in the BSP excretion curve in comparison with the patients who had no complication. One patient accompanied with the most severe fibrosis showed no secondary rise in the BSP excretion curve. After the treatment of the patient with phenobarbital, however, a secondary rise in the BSP excretion curve appeared and the serum BSP level was also significantly decreased at all points on the BSP excretion curve. Histological examination of the liver revealed the decreased number of the Dubin-Johnson pigments in the patients complicated with chronic hepatitis. Laparoscopically, a patient with a chronic aggressive hepatitis showed a dark gray decololization of the liver surface and another patient with a chronic aggressive hepatitis showed a black color of the liver surface with partial nodule formation.
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PMID:Clinicopathological studies of the Dubin-Johnson syndrome complicated with chronic hepatitis. 716 Jun 1

Two pregnant mares diagnosed as having equine monocytic ehrlichiosis based on history, clinical signs, and high serum antibody titers to Ehrlichia risticii aborted subsequent to recovery from illness. Mare 1 and mare 2 experienced clinical illness at 120 and 143 days of gestation and aborted at 203 and 226 days of gestation, respectively. The fetuses were expelled in fresh condition, and both mares retained their placentas upon abortion. Gross findings for the fetuses included meconium staining and petechiation of external surfaces. Internally, there was increased volume of feces within the small and large intestines and liver discoloration with enlargement. Microscopic findings included lymphohistiocytic enterocolitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis. Lymphoid hyperplasia and depletion were present in spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. Ehrlichia risticii was recovered from bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, colon, and liver of the first fetus and bone marrow and colon of the second fetus. Electron microscopic evaluation of the organism isolated in cell culture revealed morphology consistent with E. risticii. The isolated organism was inoculated into a naive pony, and this pony developed high levels of antibody against E. risticii, became ehrlichemic, and developed clinical signs of depression, anorexia, and mild diarrhea. These findings confirm that E. risticii is an abortifacient under conditions of natural infection and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of equine abortions.
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PMID:Identification of Ehrlichia risticii as the causative agent of two equine abortions following natural maternal infection. 761 2

Seven horses developed clinical or subclinical hepatitis 48 to 87 days after administration of tetanus antitoxin. One horse had mildly high hepatic enzyme activity 120 days after inoculation with tetanus antitoxin. The first horse developed signs of depression, lethargy, and anorexia. During hospitalization, signs of hepatoencephalopathy were noticed, and laboratory data were consistent with hepatic disease. Another horse that was found dead had gross and histologic lesions compatible with serum hepatitis. Screening of serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and aspartate transaminase activities were used to investigate the remaining horses in the herd. High GGT activities (71 to 206 IU/L) were detected in 5 additional herd members. These horses appeared clinically normal, apart from 2 reports of nasal photosensitization and an aborted fetus. In 3 horses, high serum GGT activity persisted over a 44-day testing period. All affected horses had been given tetanus antitoxin within 12 hours of parturition, and a common source of vaccine was identified for 7 horses. Findings in this group of horses indicate that clinical and subclinical serum hepatitis can develop after administration of tetanus antitoxin.
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PMID:Hepatic disease associated with administration of tetanus antitoxin in eight horses. 778 47

A 56-year-old Saudi male was admitted with abnormal liver chemistry values and a > 5-month history of lethargy, malaise, anorexia, and jaundice. Extensive investigations did not establish an etiological diagnosis. Liver histology confirmed the clinically apparent aggressive hepatitis with fibrosis but gave no clue to its etiology. The patient was empirically treated with alpha-interferon for presumed non-A, non-B hepatitis, with clinical and biochemical worsening. Interferon was discontinued and the patient was started on immunosuppression. Dramatic clinical and biochemical improvement occurred, with normalization of the liver chemistry within 4 weeks. The patient has been followed-up for 12 months and has not suffered a relapse. This case highlights the etiological heterogeneity of chronic active hepatitis. The entity of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis is unclear, and perhaps it is better defined as steroid-responsive hepatitis. Steroid-responsive hepatitis should always be considered in cases of cryptogenic chronic active hepatitis.
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PMID:Idiopathic chronic active hepatitis: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. 787 13

Two cases of naturally occurring fatal disease in eagles (a booted eagle and a buzzard) are reported. Both eagles showed anorexia, weight loss, weakness, and inability to fly. Microscopically, stained liver sections showed wide non-zonal coagulation necrosis and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes adjacent to the edges of necrotic regions. Ultrastructural studies of hepatocytes revealed multiple enveloped viral particles in the cytoplasm, focal paracrystalline arrays of virions within the nuclei, and some budding particles bound by a membrane, located in an evagination of nuclear membrane. The size and morphology of all of these particles were consistent with herpesvirus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of naturally occurring field cases of herpesvirus hepatitis in eagles (Accipitridae).
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PMID:Herpesvirus hepatitis in two eagles in Spain. 800 94

During normal pregnancy, serum transaminase levels remain within normal limits. An elevated level observed in a pregnant woman always signals a disease process, most often of hepatic origin, but in certain cases, of muscular origin. During the last three months of pregnancy and in the immediate post partum period a large number of liver diseases can cause elevated transaminase levels, depending upon the clinical presentation. In everyday practice, a complete liver battery together with specialized consultation is required for all pregnant women with raised transaminase levels. Toxaemia gravis may be evident in patients with severely raised blood pressure, especially if seizures occur. Epigastric or subcostal pain should suggest hepatic involvement. Hypertension may however be absent and epigastric or left shoulder pain may be the only clinical signs. Acute liver steatosis is 20 to 50 times more rare than toxaemia and may cause nausea and vomiting. Certain non-specific signs such as asthenia, anorexia, polyalgia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and fever, together with pruritus should suggest acute hepatitis. A 25-fold increase in transaminase level is commonly encountered. The risk of fulminating hepatitis is less than 1/1000 but should always be entertained. All drugs should be stopped and careful research for recent xenobiotic contamination (drugs, infusions, alphamethyldopa, etc.) should be undertaken. Viral hepatitis requires serovaccination of the newborn at birth. Herpetic hepatitis is rare but requires rapid diagnosis (liver biopsy) and treatment with acyclovir in addition to cesarean section and treatment of the newborn at birth. Rare cases of hepatitis E may occur after a stay in North Africa, the Middle-East, Southeast Asia or Mexico. Chronic cases with or without temporary pruritus suggest infectious hepatitis B or C although, in chronic hepatitis C, serum transaminase levels often return to normal during pregnancy. Rare cases of asymptomatic elevations of serum transaminase levels can reveal subclinical chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:[Significance of elevated transaminase levels at the end of pregnancy]. 802 21

Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex is described in 3 adult Siamese cats. All cats were the result of father-daughter matings. Clinical signs included anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and pyrexia. Nonregenerative anemia was detected in all 3 cats, and macrocytosis was observed in 2. An antemortem diagnosis of mycobacterial infection was made on the basis of identification of acid-fast bacilli in tissue aspirates. The cats died or were euthanatized owing to clinical deterioration, despite antibiotic treatment. Necropsy findings included granulomatous lymphadenitis, enterocolitis, pneumonia, cellulitis, myelitis, and hepatitis. Organisms from the Mycobacterium avium complex were identified in bacteriologic cultures of tissue samples.
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PMID:Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in three Siamese cats. 812 27


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