Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fasting serum bile acid (FSBA) was serially measured by a fluorescent enzyme method in a follow-up study of 61 patients with chronic liver disease. In chronic inactive hepatitis, fluctuation of FSBA was within the normal range in both the exacerbated state and in remission. In chronic active hepatitis, FSBA was abnormally elevated in both states, but the difference was not significant. In chronic active hepatitis where FSBA was elevated in the remission state above its value in the exacerbated state, exacerbation of the disease occurred repeatedly during the follow-up period. In compensated liver cirrhosis progressing into the decompensated form, FSBA levels increased before a decrease in the serum values of albumin, cholesterol, and cholinesterase, and an elevation of bilirubin. In liver cirrhosis, FSBA levels increased above 100 microM, 1-4 months before the appearance of ascites.
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PMID:Clinical significance of fasting serum bile acid in the long-term observation of chronic liver disease. 397

Prealbumin (PA) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) serum concentrations have been determined in 161 patients with different chronic and acute liver diseases and in 49 healthy controls. Their possible role in clinical practice as liver markers of hepatic biosynthesis in comparison with other traditional tests: albumin, pseudocholinesterase and clotting factors II, VII and X associated activity (Hepato-Quick) was investigated. PA and RBP were always highly intercorrelated and significantly decreased in acute viral hepatitis, steatosis, chronic persistent and active hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatic tumors and primary biliary cirrhosis. Among the different tests, PA and RBP presented the best values of specificity (0.98 and 0.97, respectively), sensitivity (0.77 and 0.73) and positive (0.99) and negative prediction (0.57 and 0.46). In chronic liver diseases PA and RBP distinguished more efficiently than the other biosynthetic markers among diseases with different degree of severity. In acute viral hepatitis the behavior of PA and RBP, followed for 4 consecutive weeks, was similar to that of Hepato-Quick and better than the other tests in reflecting the clinical course of the disease.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of prealbumin and retinol-binding protein in acute and chronic liver diseases. 403 63

We considered the serum binding activity for human albumin polymerized with glutaraldehyde in 346 serum samples of 205 subjects with acute and chronic type A, B and non-A, non-B virus hepatitis. We showed that the binding activity for pHSA in the control groups did not have a titer higher than 2(-6). All sera from patients with HAV and HBV acute infection showed a high binding titer that returned to below the threshold in the former after the peak of hepatocytolysis, and in the latter after the seroconversion of HBsAg to anti-HBs. In the subjects who became HBsAg chronic carriers after the acute episode of HBV infection, the pHSA binding activity showed a decrement of the titer in relation to the seroconversion of HBeAg to anti-HBe. Furthermore, 92% of HBsAg chronic carriers who were HBeAg positive had a high titer of pHSA binding, while only 14.3% of the anti-HBe positives showed a high titer. Acute and chronic hepatitis non-A, non-B virus showed a pHSA binding titer similar to that of the control group. The results indicate that the non-A, non-B virus does not seem to be correlated to pHSA or related factors.
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PMID:Serum binding activity for human albumin polymers in acute and chronic virus hepatitis. 407 12

Human plasma containing the Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen was fractionated by the cold ethanol method of Cohn, Strong, Hughes, Mulford, Ashworth, Melin, and Taylor (1946) and small aliquots were examined for the presence of this antigen by immunodiffusion and by electron microscopy. The findings were in general agreement with the postulated risk of transmitting hepatitis by blood derivatives. The Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen was detected in fibrinogen, thrombin, and antihaemophilic globulin as well as in other fractions. The antigen was not found in gamma globulin (immunoglobulin fraction) nor in albumin.The use of radioiodinated fibrinogen for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis is discussed and it is concluded that the use of fibrinogen for diagnostic procedures should be assessed against the possible risk of hepatitis.
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PMID:The Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen in fibrinogen and other fractions of human plasma. 499 77

Acute-phase proteins (APRs), albumin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M), were studied in 14 patients with acute hepatitis B. No acute-phase reaction in this disease was observed, contrary to other viral infections. Peak SGPT correlated negatively with prealbumin, but no other relations with APR, albumin, or alpha 2M were found. As many APRs have antiinflammatory properties, the relation of these proteins at the start and the subsequent course of hepatitis, measured by "SGPT area" and duration of the illness, was calculated. The serum level of APR and albumin at the start of the disease is not significantly related to the subsequent course. However alpha 2M, not being an APR, and prealbumin are negatively correlated to these parameters: high levels of alpha 2M and prealbumin point to a less severe course than low levels. The clinical significance of the depressed acute-phase reaction during hepatitis and the effect of alpha 2M are discussed.
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PMID:Profiles of acute-phase reactants and clinical significance of alpha 2-macroglobulin in acute hepatitis B. 608 4

18 normal women, 20 with active schistosomiasis, and 25 with past histories of viral hepatitis were given a contraceptive pill containing 0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol and 0.5 mg levonorgestrel for 6 consecutive cycles. Serum bile acids were measured by enzyme immunoassay method before and after 3 and 6 months of use. Simultaneously, conventional liver function tests (serum bilirubin, transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin) were done. Serum bile acid concentration was not significantly changed by contraceptive use in any group. The concentration of cholylglycine (the main bile acid measured) did not correlate with the values of any of the other tests. Pretreatment values of serum cholylglycine were significantly lower in the past-hepatitis group. The difference was maintained during treatment.
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PMID:Effect of oral contraception on serum bile acid. 614 34

Two new antigenic determinants have been identified on serum albumin molecules originating from hepatic patients. The same antigenic determinants may be induced on serum albumins of different species by in vitro aging or glutaraldehyde treatment. In patients with liver cell dysfunction the new antigenic sites of the albumin molecules induce the synthesis of specific antipolymerized albumin antibodies (AAA) identified by precipitation and hemagglutination methods. The anti-polymerized albumin precipitins (AA-P) reveal with high specificity and sensitivity the presence and severity of liver cell dysfunction. In patients with active liver diseases (acute viral hepatitis and chronic aggressive hepatitis), both precipitins and agglutinins show high titers, while in patients with severe liver diseases and long evolution or in old-agers AA-P positivity is seldom associated with anti-polymerized albumin agglutinins.
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PMID:A new antigen/antibody system--the polymerized albumin and antialbumin antibodies. 615 87

The change with time in profiles of five serum proteins in acute hepatitis were studied. Prealbumin (Pre) decreased in the initial stage and made a peak to be normal thereafter. Alpha 1 antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) showed a slight increase in the initial stage but no remarkable change thereafter. Haptoglobin (Hp) decreased in the initial stage and then increased gradually to be normal. Alpha 2HS glycoprotein (alpha 2HS) and beta 1CA globulin (beta 1CA) showed no decrease, but they later increased in the 2nd or 3rd week. In fulminant hepatitis, alpha 1AT was somewhat high in the initial stage but decreased gradually to the lower normal limits; Pre and Hp decreased markedly; and alpha 2HS and beta 1C/A decreased from the initial stage. Alpha 2HS and beta 1C/A were found useful for estimation of the severity of acute hepatitis in the initial stage. It was found that when Hp showed a marked decrease, especially ahaptoglobinemia, the hepatic injury was serious. Various degrees of hepatic injury were produced by Gal-N in rats and mice were compared with the amount of these proteins. The level of albumin (Al), transferrin (Tr), alpha 1AT and Hp was inversely proportional to the amount of liver cell necrosis, Particularly, Hp showed a marked decrease in submassive or massive necrosis, while a moderate decrease in minimal change of focal necrosis. Al and Tr showed a slight decrease of about the same degree, and the decrease of alpha 1AT was somewhat greater. beta 1C/A decreased in inversely proportion with the amount of liver cell necrosis and its decrease in massive necrosis was more pronounced than the other proteins.
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PMID:Clinical and experimental studies on the profiles of serum proteins in acute hepatic injury. 617 86

Clinical and laboratory findings of 92 cases of pathologically verified noncirrhotic primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed and compared with that of 174 cases of cirrhotic HCC during the same period. Ninety-two cases of noncirrhotic HCC constitute one third of all the cases of HCC. They comprised 74 men (80.4%) and 18 women (19.6%) with a male:female ratio of 4.1. The mean age was 52.0 +/- 14.5 years. Among them, 17.4% had a history of hepatitis; 65.2% were HBsAg positive. Compared with cirrhotic HCC, patients with noncirrhotic HCC had less frequent past history of hepatitis, lower positive rate for HBsAg, higher albumin/globulin ratio, and lower frequency in the elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein. The results might imply that noncirrhotic and cirrhotic HCC have different pathogenetic backgrounds.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma in noncirrhotic patients. A laparoscopic study of 92 cases in Taiwan. 620 44

Drinking pattern as well as clinical, biochemical and histological findings were recorded of 282 males with alcohol-induced liver disease (fatty liver in 103, hepatitis in 61, cirrhosis in 118). The proportion of persons under 50 years of age was significantly greater with alcoholic hepatitis (70%) than cirrhosis (46%). Mean daily alcohol consumption was clearly lower among those with fatty liver than hepatitis or cirrhosis (P less than 0.02). Duration of alcohol abuse was on average shorter in patients with fatty liver and hepatitis than with cirrhosis (excessive consumption of less than 15 years was 61% and 62%, respectively, in the former, 28% in the latter (P less than 0.02). Symptoms and clinical and biochemical findings did not help in differentiating between hepatitis without cirrhotic change and cirrhosis. The most marked differences between cirrhosis and hepatitis, on one hand, and fatty liver, on the other, related to the frequency of certain signs and symptoms: upper abdominal pain, hard consistency of the liver, generalized jaundice, bleeding from esophageal varices and ascites; among biochemical findings they were: elevation of serum-bilirubin concentration above 34 mumol/l (2 mg/dl), lowering of the Quick values and of albumin concentration. Mortality rate during hospital stay was lower among patients with hepatitis but no cirrhotic change (6.6%) than among those with cirrhotic change (31.4%). While the prognosis under abstinence was relatively more favourable in patients with mild or moderately severe hepatitis, nonicteric forms require closer attention than has been given them so far.
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PMID:[Alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis. Drinking behavior and incidence of clinical, clinico-chemical and histological findings in 282 patients]. 623 65


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