Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An autopsy case of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia was presented. A 58-year-old Japanese female with non-A, non-B hepatitis was admitted on August 2, 1983. Moderate grade of fever and hemorrhagic diathesis appeared on September 16, when hepatitis was evaluated as being under resolving. The peripheral blood and bone marrow findings were consistent with aplastic anemia. Since infection was suggested by increased levels of serum gammaglobulin and CRP, treatment with antibiotics as well as prednisolone and blood transfusion was initiated. Since September 21, gradual tenderness and edema on the right lower abdominal wall appeared. She died on October 3. On postmortem examination, systemic plasmacytosis with lymphadenopathy and septic monilial infection was revealed. Numerous plasma cells were atypical, but were immunohistochemically proved to be polyclonal. The bone marrow showed a massive and diffuse plasma cell proliferation with extremely scarce myeloid cells and megakaryocytes. There was a large granulomatous lesion with monilial infection in the wall of the ileocecum. By these findings, systemic plasmacytosis was suspected to be due to chronic monilial infection. The pathogenesis of systemic plasmacytosis in aplastic anemias and in other diseases were discussed with relation to the present case.
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PMID:Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia with systemic plasmacytosis. 310 39

We report one case of subacute thyroiditis associated with acute hepatitis, which is histopathologically diagnosed. A 43-year-old woman visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever, sore throat and anterior neck pain. Thyroid gland was found to be swollen and tender. Laboratory findings gave high ESR and positive test for CRP. High values of T3, T4 and RT3U indicated that the patient had hyperthyroidism. However no autoantibodies against thyroglobulin and microsome were found. High activities of serum AIP, LAP and gamma-GTP were observed. Serum GOT and GPT activities increased moderately. AIP type 2 was dominant in zymograms. Histopathological findings of liver specimen obtained by needle biopsy showed ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes with a slight focal necrosis and hyaline bodies. In addition bile plugs were observed in some biliary tubules. These findings were consistent with those of acute hepatitis. After three months all laboratory data were found to be within normal ranges and no recurrence has been observed. Subacute hepatitis associated with liver dysfunction is considered to be relatively frequent. However very few reports have been published on the case in which histopathological evidence for acute hepatitis was presented.
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PMID:[A case of subacute thyroiditis associated with acute hepatitis]. 328 15

Extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease include a number of inflammatory diseases. The clinical activity of these associated diseases may in some cases parallel that of the intestinal inflammation. The activity of extraintestinal manifestations may however be paramount. A cause and effect relationship has not been shown for extraintestinal manifestations such as eye involvement, arthritis and accompanying hepatitis. The histological changes of extraintestinal manifestations consists of noncaseating granulomas that are difficult to distinguish from granulomas occurring in other systemic inflammatory diseases. This report is on a female patient with lower abdominal pain, fatigue, night-sweat, weight loss, episcleritis and diarrhea without blood and slime. Noncaseating granulomas were found in the colon and liver, but not in the lung. The differential diagnosis between the extrapulmonary manifestation of sarcoidosis and a generalized Crohn's disease is discussed. Hypocalcemia, large bowel involvement and missing histological changes in lung tissue rather support the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, particularly because the high CD4/CD8-quotient found in the bronchial lavage is not only characteristic for sarcoidosis but also found in Crohn's disease. Abdominal pain, diarrhea, night-sweat, weight loss and inflammation parameters like CRP and anaemia normalized under therapy with prednisone within a couple of months.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of granulomatous diseases--epithelioid cell granuloma in the intestine and liver in Crohn disease?]. 807 97

Regarding problems in emergency and urgent immunoserologic tests, I mainly focused on infectious diseases and CPR and discussed the correspondence of dangerous needle stick injuries, and the significance of emergency CRP measurement in various body fluids using highly sensitive determination methods. The actual conditions and correspondence of infections due to dangerous needle stick injuries (accidental pricking with used needles) such as hepatitis, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), herpes simplex, falciparum malaria, tuberculosis, Rocky mountain spotted fever, and human colonic adenocarcinoma are discussed. With regard to emergency CRP measurement, application of highly sensitive determination methods and the significance of CRP measurement of various body fluids (healthy adult blood, cord blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and puncture fluid) are described. The reference values for CRP concentrations in various body fluids were established at 15 to 3,063 ng/ml for serum (male; 26 to 3.992 ng/ml, female; 11 to 1,672 ng/ml), 9 to 73 ng/ml for cord blood, 2 to 10 ng/ml for cerebrospinal fluid and less than 2 ng/ml for urine.
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PMID:[Future prospects of emergency laboratory tests--problems of immunoserologic tests]. 893 87

We studied a case of a 63 year old Japanese man who presented in October, 1994 with general fatigue, low grade fever, micro hematuria and leukocytosis, elevated CRP as well as liver dysfunction. A liver biopsy at that time revealed mild cholangiolitis. Six months later he was admitted because of weight loss, protein urea, and renal failure. At that time he was positive for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA) with perinuclear staining patter(p-ANCA) done by indirect immunofluorescence. He was also positive for anti-myeloperoxidase antibody(MPO-ANCA) done by ELISA. A renal biopsy showed idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis with pauci-immune type(ICGN). Despite therapy with steroids and cyclophosphamide, which improved his subjective symptoms, his renal failure accelerated necessitating hemodialysis which he has been on for over four years. In conclusion, this patient has a rare case of ICGN that presented with liver dysfunction similar to autoimmune hepatitis. Since ANCA has been known to be associated with systemic vasculitides as well as chronic inflammatory diseases(e.g. ICGN, microscopic polyarteritis nodosa, ulcerative colitis or autoimmune liver diseases), both the crescent formation in this patient's glomeruli and cholangiolitis in his liver may have shared the common etiology related to ANCA.
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PMID:[A case of ANCA positive idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis initiated with fever and liver dysfunction]. 1089 76

ANA IIF is an effective screening assay in patients with clinical features of SLE and will detect most anti-ssDNA, anti-dsDNA, ENAs, and other autoantibodies. False positives are common. The clinical importance cannot be extrapolated from the ANA titre or pattern, although higher titres (> 1/160) are more likely to be important. HEp-2 cells are the most sensitive substrate for ANA detection, but this must be balanced against an increased incidence of insignificant positivity. ANA positive samples should be subjected to more specific assays for the diagnosis of SLE. A combination of ENA (Ro/La/Sm/RNP) and dsDNA assays will detect most patients with SLE as long as the characteristics of the assays used are well understood. ESR and CRP measurements provide useful additional information. Sjogren's syndrome and MCTD will produce overlapping serology with SLE, and anti-dsDNA titres are sometimes seen in autoimmune hepatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. All results should be reported in the light of the clinical details, by an experienced immunologist. A suggested diagnostic protocol is outlined in fig 1. The type of assay used crucially influences the predictive value of the tests. ELISA technology dominates routine laboratory practice, but tends to produce more false positive and true weak positive results, which may reduce the PPV of the test. This can be minimised by using IgG specific conjugates and careful assay validation. The NPV for SLE [figure: see text] is high for most assays but the PPV varies. Where necessary, laboratories should use crithidia or Farr dsDNA assays to confirm dubious ELISA dsDNA results, and ID/IB to confirm dubious ENA results. For monitoring, a precise, quantitative assay is required. It is unclear whether the detection of IgM or low affinity antibodies has a role here. A combination of anti-dsDNA, C3, C4, CRP, and ESR assays provides the most useful clinical information. Anti-ssDNA assays are likely to be useful, and are potentially more robust than anti-dsDNA assays, but require more validation. Local validation of individual assays and EQA participation is essential. Not all assays that apparently measure the same antibody specificities have equal clinical relevance, even within a single technology. Insufficient international or national reference preparations are currently available for many antibody specificities to enable effective standardisation. Quality assurance schemes reveal large differences in units reported by different assays for some analytes, even when calibrated against an IRP or equivalent reference preparation. Serial results can therefore only be compared from the same laboratory at present. Most autoantibodies increase during active disease, but few prospective data are currently available to justify treatment on the basis of rising titres. Further randomised prospective studies are required to examine the importance of antibody isotype and affinity in the monitoring of SLE by individual assay methods. The most important aspect of the appropriate use of laboratory assays is to become familiar with the limitations of the technology currently in use in your local laboratory, and to consult with your clinical immunologist in cases of doubt, preferably before commencing serological screening.
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PMID:The use of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of SLE. 1091 99

In order to determine the factors responsible for the differentiation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) hepatitis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) hepatitis in previously healthy adults, the clinical features and laboratory data of both types of hepatitis were retrospectively analyzed. CMV hepatitis showed a tendency to increase in our department. In comparison with EBV hepatitis, CMV hepatitis occurred in significantly older hosts than EBV hepatitis. We found that lymphadenopathy, cough and sore throat was more common in EBV hepatitis than in CMV hepatitis. The number of peripheral white blood cell count and atypical lymphocytes, and serum GOT, GPT, LDH and CRP levels of CMV and EBV hepatitis showed no significant differences.
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PMID:[Comparison between cytomegalovirus hepatitis and Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis in healthy adults]. 1110 65

Knowledge of the physiopathological basis of the fibrogenesis in the hepatopathy by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is critical. We describe the evolution of the infection by HCV after a ten-year follow-up in patients with antibody immunodeficiency (common variable immunodeficiency (n=3) (IDVC), IgG subclasses deficiency (n=2), specific deficiency of antibodies formation (n=1). The patients were treated with a prepared intravenous immunoglobulin that was associated later with an HCV hepatitis outbreak. Five of the six patients had a positive overwhelming course (CRP) for HCV and all have changes in their hepatic biochemistry during the exposure period [ Analine Aminotransferase (ALT) (from 280 to 2720 U/L) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) (from 400 to 2600) U/L)]. In less than one year, two patients with IDVC developed cirrhosis and the other patient with IDVC, an active chronic hepatitis while the other patients cured the infection without the treatment. The patients with IDVC presented lower IgG levels than the patients with antibodies deficiency before the exposure (average: seric IgG = 697 mg/dl and 1480 mg/dl respectively) and had, in addition, lower T CD4+ lymphocytes [average: T CD4+ lymphocytes = 22% (413 x 106 cells/l) and 33% (869 x 106 cells/l) respectively)]. One combination of components of humoral and cellular immunodeficiency could play a role in the accelerated evolutive course of the hepatopathy by HCV in patients with IDVC.
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PMID:[Overwhelming course of HCV disease in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia associated with cellular immunity deficiency]. 1581 19

Hepatitis is a rare clinical manifestation of syphilis. In this report a 50 years old male patient who was diagnosed as secondary syphilis presenting with hepatitis has been discussed. The patient was admitted to the hospital with high fever and skin rash, and his history revealed a suspected sexual contact. He indicated that he had been admitted to a health center eight months ago because of the presence of a penile wound, however VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test was negative at that time. Fever (39.5 degrees C), jaundice in skin and sclera, generalized macular and maculopapular skin rash including palms and soles, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly were detected in physical examination. Laboratory tests yielded elevated erythrocyte sedimantation rate, high CRP levels and elevated liver enzyme levels, however viral hepatitis markers together with VDRL and TPHA (Treponema pallidum hemagglutination) tests were found negative. Ceftriaxone therapy was initiated because of the presence of high fever (40 degrees C) and 30 leukocyte/mm3 in urine, and the absence of bacteria in Gram staining of urine sample. However, the antibiotic therapy was discontinued since fever persisted. As the clinical signs and symptoms strongly indicated syphilis, the serological tests were repeated and VDRL positivity at 1/8 and TPHA positivity at 1/1280 titers were detected. Ceftriaxone therapy was restarted and continued for 14 days with complete cure. Since the spouse of the patient was also found VDRL and TPHA positive, she was treated with penicilin. The presentation of this case emphasized the importance of repeating the serological tests for syphilis since they might be negative in the early stages of infection. The case also indicates that syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatitis.
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PMID:[A case of secondary syphilis with hepatitis]. 1768 17

LIGHT (lymphotoxin-like inducible protein that competes with glycoprotein D for binding herpesvirus entry mediator on T cells) is a recently identified of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) ligand superfamily. We wanted to establish whether the presence of chronic viral hepatitis could be implicated in enhanced inflammation as well as the elevation of plasma LIGHT levels in haemodialyzed (HD) patients. The plasma levels of LIGHT, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and TNF-alpha were measured in HD patients with hepatitis in comparison to subjects without hepatitis and to healthy volunteers. The values of hs CRP and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated in HD patients when compared to the controls. TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in the hepatitis-positive relative to the hepatitis-negative group (p <0.01). LIGHT levels were significantly decreased in hepatitis-negative patients as compared to controls (p <0.001) and hepatitis-positive group (p < 0.01). Both LIGHT and TNF-alpha were directly associated with the presence of hepatitis. Multiple stepwise regression analysis identified increased iron levels as the only independent variable significantly associated with increased LIGHT (beta=0.475, p=0.003). These results suggest the presence of chronic viral hepatitis and iron levels are novel determinants of the increased LIGHT in the plasma of HD patients.
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PMID:Chronic viral hepatitis and iron affect the plasma levels of LIGHT--a new member of the TNF superfamily in uraemic haemodialyzed patients. 1782 30


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