Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vincristine-high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor (VCR-MTX-CF) was administered preoperatively at weekly intervals to eight patients, four with primary tumors and four with pulmonary metastases. These patients had not received prior VCR-MTX-CF treatment. A similar treatment program was administered to five patients with pulmonary metastases who had received prior VCR-MTX-CF. Among the eight patients who had not received prior VCR-MTX-CF, complete responses were obtained in three with primary tumors (this was followed by surgical excision) and two with pulmonary metastases. Partial responses occurred in two additional patients. Partial responses were also obtained in two patients who had received VCR-MTX-CF. Chemotherapy and surgery in one patient with an extremity lesion resulted in preservation of the limb and useful function. The major toxicity was anorexia and weight loss. Other side effects included stomatitis, myelosuppression, hepatitis and transient renal impairment. The weekly program was highly effective when compared to responses obtained with the tri-weekly schedule utilized in previous studies.
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PMID:Weekly high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor in osteogenic sarcoma: pre-surgical treatment of primary tumor and of overt pulmonary metastases. 29 28

Forty-eight patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors were treated with a combination of adriamycin 50 mg/m2, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum 50 mg/m2, every 2 to 4 weeks. Fifteen patients responded with a greater than 50% regression of measurable tumor; six with lung cancer; one, carcinoma of the breast; one, ovary; one, cervix; one, prostate; one, testis; one, maxillary sinus; and one, salivary gland, plus one patient with chemodectoma and one with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary. Responses lasted 1 to 18 months, with a median of 6 months. An additional six patients, including two with adenocarcinoma of the lung three with carcinoma of the cervix, and one with embryonal cell testicular carcinoma improved (25-50% regression of the tumor). Toxicity encountered included myelosuppression, azotemia, alopecia, nausea, vomitting, and stomatitis. Severe hematologic toxicity occurred only in those with compromised marrow function or with concurrent active hepatitis. Major potentiation of toxicity by the combination does not appear to have occurred.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in patients with neoplastic diseases. 98 19

Carboplatin is well suited to dose escalation because its major dose-limiting toxicity is myelosuppression when given in 1,200 mg/m2 doses without marrow support. Repeated 800 mg/m2 doses can be given in an investigational setting. With autologous bone marrow rescue the maximum tolerated single-agent dose is approximately 1.8 to 2 g/m2, with dose-limiting toxicities being hepatitis, renal dysfunction, and ototoxicity. Combinations of carboplatin with other agents plus bone marrow rescue are now being investigated in germ cell tumors, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and small cell lung cancer. High-dose carboplatin plus etoposide combinations are being evaluated with colony-plus stimulating factors in an effort to ameliorate myelosuppression. Future high-dose carboplatin studies could be designed with more predictable toxicity, using an assessment of carboplatin renal clearance. Carboplatin is an important new drug warranting further investigation at escalated doses.
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PMID:Current experience with high-dose carboplatin therapy. 141 26

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative merits of idarubicin and daunorubicin in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Thirty-two sites provided 214 previously untreated adults with AML aged 15 years or more who were randomized to receive for induction therapy cytarabine 100 mg/m2/d as a continuous 7-day infusion plus either daunorubicin 45 mg/m2/d (A + D) or idarubicin 13 mg/m2/d (A + I), daily on the first three days of treatment. Postremission therapy consisted of two courses of the induction regimen at the same daily doses, with the anthracycline administered for 2 days and cytarabine for 5. The complete response (CR) rates for evaluable patients were 70% (A + I) and 59% (A + D) (P = .08). The difference in CR rates was significant in patients aged 18 to 50 years (88% for A + I, 70% for A + D, P = .035). Resistant disease was a significantly more frequent cause of induction therapy failure with A + D than with A + I. Hyperleukocytosis (white blood cell count greater than 50,000/microL) unfavorably affected the attainment of CR with A + D but not with A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I. CR duration was significantly greater after A + I treatment, and the survival of all randomized patients treated with A + I was significantly better than that observed after A + D treatment (median 12.9 months v 8.7 months, respectively, P = .038). Toxicity of the two treatments was similar, although A + I patients experienced more prolonged myelosuppression during consolidation therapy, and a greater incidence of mild chemical hepatitis was observed in the A + I group. It is concluded that, at the doses and schedule used in this study, A + I is superior to A + D for induction therapy of AML in adults.
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PMID:Cytarabine plus idarubicin or daunorubicin as induction and consolidation therapy for previously untreated adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. 173 80

From 1982 to 1987, 45 patients with ovarian cancer (21 Stage I, 8 Stage II, 5 Stage III-IV and 11 recurrent or metastatic lesions) were treated in our hospital. All received postoperative 60Co whole abdomino-pelvic moving strip irradiation. Tumor dose ranged from 20 to 26 Gy, in addition, a booster dose of 10-20 Gy was given to the pelvis. Serious gastrointestinal reaction and myelosuppression were rare, and no radio-nephritis or hepatitis was found. The 1, 3 and 5 year survival rates were 100%, 92% and 83% for Stage I; 100%, 100% and 100% for Stage II; 100%, 66.7% and 66.7% for Stage III-IV and 100%, 50% and 20% for recurrent or metastatic lesions, respectively. The author believes that the whole abdomino-pelvic moving strip irradiation is only indicated for patients with dysgerminoma, granulosa cell tumor and resected adenocarcinoma without residual tumor or with residual tumor smaller than 0.5 cm in diameter in the abdomen or smaller than 2 cm in the pelvis. The causes of treatment failure are discussed.
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PMID:[Whole abdomino-pelvic moving strip irradiation in ovarian cancer]. 207 46

Recombinant human gamma interferon (Biogen) and vinblastine were administered in a phase I study. Side effects included fever and chills, nausea and vomiting, acute symptomatic hyponatremia, reversible myelosuppression, hepatitis, transient hypotension, congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, and nonselective proteinuria. In most patients, additional host factors contributed to these toxic effects. Side effects occurred despite dose reduction; therefore, protocol accrual was prematurely closed. No correlation between serum concentrations and toxicity was noted. Median serum vinblastine concentration was 1.04 ng/ml; median serum interferon concentration was 17.3 IU/ml.
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PMID:Hyponatremia and other toxic effects during a phase I trial of recombinant human gamma interferon and vinblastine. 309 Dec 46

Brachytherapy by embolization with radiotherapeutic microspheres following intraarterial infusion of a radiosensitizer represents an attempt to combine several selective modalities into a more potent, focused attack on regionally confined tumors. In pursuit of this goal, we examined the ability of foxhounds with surgically implanted hepatic arterial (HA) delivery systems to tolerate a clinically relevant dosage of HA yttrium-90 (Y-90) by microsphere administration either alone or preceded by a 28-day constant HA infusion of either 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUDR) or a control solution. Five dogs received BUDR (10 mg/kg/day) and five a control buffer infusion for 28 days immediately prior to the administration of Y-90-coated 15 micron resin microspheres (equivalent of 5000 rads to the entire liver) to each dog on day 31. In all animals, blood counts, bilirubin, amylase, appetite, weight, and behavior remained unchanged. Dogs receiving the microspheres after buffer infusion alone exhibited no hepatic enzyme alanine aminotransferase or alkaline phosphatase elevation. Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels both rose during the third week of BUDR infusion, and while subsequent microsphere administration further increased enzyme levels, these levels had largely normalized by necropsy on day 82. At necropsy, the type and degree of hepatic toxicity among the animals receiving radioactive microspheres was comparable to that previously described in patients receiving external beam hepatic irradiation at conventional doses (2000-3000 rads). Also noted was a radiation-induced cholecystitis (due in large part to the gallbladder's total reliance on the hepatic artery for blood supply). One resin microsphere dog exhibited a small quantity of microspheres in the lungs causing focal radiation-induced granulomas suggesting the need to assess shunting of microspheres through the liver in clinical studies. Thus, HA Y-90 microspheres with BUDR can produce acceptable, nonlethal, and tolerable toxicities in this dog model suggesting that clinical studies of this combination are not likely to be contraindicated by synergistic toxicity. Although HA BUDR did not contribute significantly to the toxicity of the Y-90 microspheres, HA BUDR by itself administered uninterrupted for 4 weeks may, like HA FUDR (clinically), cause chemical hepatitis/cholangitis. The unexpected fragmentation of the resin spheres (albeit without myelosuppression) has led us to begin studies with a recently developed nondisruptible glass microsphere (ThereSphere) in which the Y-90 is part of the glass matrix and cannot leach.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of hepatic arterial yttrium-90 microsphere administration alone and combined with regional bromodeoxyuridine infusion in dogs. 358 Oct 69

The combination treatment of mitomycin C (M), vincristine (V), and cisplatin (P) (MVP) in 63 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated for their potential synergistic cytotoxicity. The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable patients, the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, patients with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 patients were myelosuppression (40%), pulmonary fibrosis (9%), peripheral neuropathy (6%), and intractable nausea and vomiting (4%). The degree of leukopenia (P less than 0.01) but not of thrombocytopenia increased significantly in patients who had received prior radiotherapy. One patient died of marked thrombocytopenia and one of fulminant hepatitis. Patients who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, MVP was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of a combination of mitomycin C, vincristine, and cisplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 394 Jun 22

VP-16-213 at standard dose is one of the more active agents for the treatment of germ cell tumors. In previous phase I studies, VP-16-213 has been investigated in suprastandard dose when hematopoietic reconstitution was assured by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). This phase II study was performed to explore the possibility that an augmented dose of VP-16-213 may be more active than standard dose against germ cell tumors. Eleven patients with progressive refractory germ cell tumors were treated with high-dose VP-16-213: 2,400 mg/m2 with ABMT every three to four weeks followed by 1,200 mg/m2 without ABMT. Seven patients had received VP-16-213 at standard dose prior to high-dose VP-16-213. Toxicity to high-dose VP-16-213 included severe myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, alopecia, mucositis, and hepatitis. Of 10 evaluable patients, two complete responses and four partial responses, all of short duration, were obtained. However, some patients unresponsive to standard-dose VP-16-213 exhibited responses to the augmented-dose VP-16-213. Therefore, although more myelosuppressive, VP-16-213 may have increased activity against germ cell tumors when administered at augmented dose. High-dose VP-16-213 may be considered in designing new approaches for initial management of patients with germ cell tumors not expected to be cured with standard chemotherapy.
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PMID:High-dose VP-16-213 monotherapy for refractory germinal malignancies: a phase II study. 636 60

Since 1975, all histologic subtypes of Stage III and IIIE nodular lymphoma patients were treated with a combination of radiotherapy and multiple-agent chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (CHOP-Bleo). Fifty-eight patients were treated through 1979. Treatment consisted of two cycles of CHOP-Bleo alternating with sequential radiotherapy to clinically involved regions, and further CHOP-Bleo to a total of ten cycles. Radiotherapy doses ranged between 3000 and 4000 rad delivered in three to four weeks. Forty-six patients completed treatment. In the other 12 patients, treatment was interrupted because of progressive disease in seven, and myelosuppression in five. Overall five-year survival and disease-free survival results were 82% and 47%, respectively. Survival for those patients who completed therapy was 93%. By histopathology, survivals for all patients were: poorly differentiated lymphocytic, 100%; mixed cell, 80%; and histiocytic, 39%. Disease-free figures for all 58 patients were: poorly differentiated lymphocytic, 44%; mixed cell, 65%; and histiocytic, 35%. The extent of abdominal disease influenced five-year survival as follows: 100% for those who had only occult disease at staging laparotomy; 88% for those who were Stage III on the basis of a positive lymphangiogram; and 50% for those who had a palpable mass or required an exploratory laparotomy for symptoms. Five of seven patients with progression during protocol therapy have died. No patients died as a result of myelosuppression. A number of patients developed complications during treatment, none of which were fatal. Eight patients developed herpes zoster, four patients developed transient radiation hepatitis, and four patients had miscellaneous complications.
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PMID:Stage III nodular lymphomas. Preliminary results of a combined chemotherapy/radiotherapy program. 682 73


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