Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Psychosocial sequelae and quality of life impairment in patients with end-stage liver disease due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) are not known. Quality of life, psychological distress (Profile of Mood State scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and coping (Ways of Coping scale) were prospectively assessed in 82 liver transplant candidates; comparisons were made between patients with HCV hepatitis versus patients with other liver diseases. Patients with HCV were significantly younger than all other patients (p = 0.002). Total mood disturbance (p = 0.038), tension and anxiety (0.047), confusion and bewilderment (p = 0.035) and depression and dejection (p = 0.035), as assessed by Profile of Mood States Scale were significantly higher in patients with HCV than other patients. Patients with HCV were significantly more depressed as assessed by Beck Inventory scores (p = 0.014). Karnofsky performance scores, Child-Pugh score, and liver function tests were not significantly different for patients with HCV vs. all other patients. However, somatic manifestations of the illness (e.g. pain) were greater in patients with HCV and may have contributed towards greater depression in these patients. Our findings warrant replication in other studies, since depression is a modifiable and treatable disorder.
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PMID:Vulnerability to psychologic distress and depression in patients with end-stage liver disease due to hepatitis C virus. 936 31

Several lines of evidence indicate that cytokine-mediated communication pathways between the immune system and the brain are involved in the pathophysiology of depression: (1) . Depression is highly prevalent in various medical conditions, including infectious, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. This clinical association cannot be attributed solely to psychological distress, and it probably reflects direct activation of illness-induced physiological processes. (2). Experiments in humans and in animals demonstrate that exposure to cytokines induces depressive-like mood and behavioural alterations. (3). Cytokine immunotherapy in cancer and hepatitis patients elicits a major depressive episode in a large percentage of the patients. (4). Several types of depression that are not directly associated with a physical disease (e.g. major depression, melancholia, dysthymia) were also associated with cytokine hypersecretion. (5). Antidepressant drugs possess anti-inflammatory characteristics, which may partly account for their therapeutic effect. Congruently, antidepressants were found to reverse cytokine-induced major depression in humans and depressive-like behaviours in animals. (6). Cytokines affect brain systems that were implicated in the aetiology of depression, including the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and monoaminergic systems. These conclusions strongly suggest that during medical conditions elevated levels of cytokines directly contribute to the induction of depression. Therefore, illness-associated depression should not be underestimated (in terms of prevalence and severity), and should be treated with antidepressant drugs, which may act on the specific physiological mechanisms of this disorder.
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PMID:Cytokine-induced changes in mood and behaviour: implications for 'depression due to a general medical condition', immunotherapy and antidepressive treatment. 1246 37

Birth weight is a popular topic, because it is precisely recorded, a major determinant of infant survival, associated with infant mortality, and health outcomes later in life. Low birth weight (LBW) is a predisposing factor for metabolic abnormalities such as atherosclerosis, renal disease, non-insulin diabetes mellitus, asthma, low IQ, hypertension, obesity, psychological distress. They have all been reported to be more common among those who were small at birth. Due to lack of studies suggesting a linkage between LBW and diseases of liver; evidences, which support the hypothesis on the creation of a link between LBW, an indicator of unfavourable intrauterine environment, and liver diseases emerging in the adult life, and possible direct associations of LBW with liver diseases, e.g., hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatoblastoma, or hepatocellular carcinoma were discussed. The associations between LBW and hepatitis vaccination as well as paediatric parental nutrition were also noted.
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PMID:Low birth weight: a possible risk factor also for liver diseases in adult life? 1367 7

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) remains the definitive treatment for hepatitis C (HCV). Although HCV is the number one indication for OLT in the USA, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores are consistently lower for HCV patients when compared with all OLT indications. HCV is unique in that 95% of transplanted patients experience virological recurrence of HCV hepatitis. Despite few physical manifestations of disease at the time of HCV recurrence, patients report an impaired quality of life and functional status compared with OLT recipients without recurrence. Studies show that patient knowledge of the diagnosis of recurrent HCV alone can negatively impact HRQOL. This suggests that patients perceive themselves as unwell and have significant changes in their mental and physical health despite the absence of disease-related complications. Multiple studies show that patients with HCV recurrence report significantly higher scores for depression, anxiety and psychological distress. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of gender, HCV genotype, or HCV antiviral treatment on the HRQOL of OLT recipients with HCV recurrence. This review article describes what is currently known about the impact of recurrent HCV on HRQOL specifically after OLT. Understanding modifiable factors on HRQOL after HCV recurrence in OLT patients can greatly aid in tailoring multidimensional interventions to improve patient HRQOL.
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PMID:The effects of hepatitis C recurrence on health-related quality of life in liver transplant recipients. 1984 50