Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A family is described in which there occurred two cases of the lupoid type of active chronic hepatitis with cirrhosis, one of chronic persistent hepatitis, and one of myasthenia gravis. The two cases of lupoid hepatitis were in the proposita, a schoolgirl aged 16 years, and her great-aunt aged 69 years whom she had never met. The case of myasthenia gravis was that of the father. The whole family, except the great-aunt, had been exposed to an epidemic of infectious hepatitis five years previously, and the girl and her brother had contracted this disease. The schoolgirl later developed active chronic hepatitis while her brother had chronic persistent hepatitis without immunological concomitants. APART FROM COINCIDENCE, SOME COMBINATION OF THREE PROCESSES WAS REQUIRED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE ILLNESSES IN THIS FAMILY: a genetic predisposition to chronic liver disease in particular, a genetic predisposition to autoimmune reactions in general, and a ;triggering' effect of infection with the hepatitis virus.
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PMID:An interplay of genetic and environmental factors in familial hepatitis and myasthenia gravis. 548 30

An epidemic of infectious hepatitis involving 99 patients and employees of a state mental hospital revealed Australia antigen Au(1) to be absent from the blood of all but one of the subjects when tested at six weeks, three months, nine months and 12 to 18 months after onset of jaundice. The single patient with Au(1) at 12 months had no enzyme abnormality to indicate residual liver disease. If Au(1) is the virus of hepatitis these data would support the concept that persistent or long standing viremia is not a feature of epidemic hepatitis. Moreover, results of this study suggest that the Au(1) test should not be used to establish the absence of a past history of hepatitis in blood donors. These data do not establish the value of the Au(1) test in blood donors with active viremia, but do suggest that of 111 patients with recent hepatitis 1 percent had persistent antigenemia and 4 percent probably had circulating antigen antibody complexes and constituted a potential risk to recipients of their blood. The degree of risk to recipients from transfused blood of post-hepatitis patients without demonstrable Au(1) cannot be assessed.
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PMID:Australia antigen and liver function tests following infectious hepatitis. A study of 111 patients in quest of aids in blood donor screening. 555 1

During an outbreak of infectious hepatitis at a housing development, Coxsackie A10 virus was recovered from the stools of 45 different contacts and from the blood of four others. Caution should be exercised in attributing an etiological role to any given isolate of a Group A Coxsackie virus in view of the widespread distribution of these organisms. Nevertheless, the recovery of Coxsackie A10 viruses from the blood and stools of contacts with hepatitis cases appears to warrant record.
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PMID:Coxsackie A10 virus infection among infectious hepatitis contacts. 582 98

Inhibition of mitosis in vitro was observed in leukocytes from patients with acute infectious hepatitis. Similarly, in cultures of normal leukocytes, after the addition of small amounts of serum from patients with hepatitis, mitosis was suppressed. Althoutgh the incidence of mitosis became normal in leukocytes from convalescent patients, there were chromosomal abnormalities.
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PMID:Leukocyte mitosis: suppression in vitro associated with acute infectious hepatitis. 601 64

55 soldiers of the Austrian UNO contingent to the Near East, stationed on the Golan Heights for 6 months were examined before and after their period of duty for hepatitis A antibodies and the liver specific enzymes GOT, GTP and gamma-GT were determined. All received prophylactic gamma globulin to prevent infectious hepatitis at a dosage of 0.05 ml/kg body weight before flying out and after three months. No cases of hepatitis occurred, but 4 sero-negative subjects displayed antibody conversion. No concomitant changes in the liver enzyme values were recorded, however. These findings are discussed.
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PMID:[Hepatitis A: antibody conversion under gamma globulin (author's transl)]. 615 46

The combined radioimmunoassay of changes in the levels of HBsAg, HBaAb, HBcAb and HAAb in 34 patients with viral hepatitis, as well as in 8 patients with chronic hepatitis and in 40 normal persons, was carried out. Radioimmunoassay was made with the use of reagents manufactured by Abbot Laboratories (USA). This study showed that in infectious hepatitis the levels of HAAb in all patients were elevated already in the first decade of the disease and reached their maximum by the third decade. In serum hepatitis the high levels of HBsAg and HBcAb were observed during the acute period of the disease, while the content of HBsAb did not exceed the normal level. In some of the patients with virial hepatitis the levels of the antigens characteristic of both hepatitis B (HBsAg, HBcAb) and hepatitis A (HAAb) were elevated simultaneously.
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PMID:[Radioimmunological study of the antigen and antibody dynamics of viral hepatitis A and B patients]. 630 63

As to the up to now under the uniform collective notion "infectious hepatitis" notifiable diseases according to the actual stage of realization a group of diseases is concerned which are caused by at least 3 pathogens. Apart from the hepatitis A and B it is the hepatitis non-A/non-B for which an unequivocal differentiation of pathogens with standardized methods of proof is still pending. There is no cross-immunity between the individual virus-caused hepatitides. They behave diversely clinically and epidemiologically. The in very case indicated infection-hygienic measures result from the different duration of infectiousness, the ways and modes of transmission. They concern the hygiene of the hospital and the immunoprophylaxis as well as the separation of persons from the environment of patients who work in S-professions (activity in the branch of food-supply, groups of children). The problems concerning chronic carriers of infectious hepatitis B are hitherto still unclarified. The legal regulations up to now valid for this group of persons, the necessary hospital hygiene when they are admitted and possible future ways of solution for the total problem are explained.
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PMID:[Acute virus hepatitis - infection hygiene recommendations based on current knowledge]. 640 15

A dot hybridisation technique was used to monitor the levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the plasma of two HBV-carrier chimpanzees which had been inocula ed with documented infectious non-A, non-B hepatitis agents. A marked decrease in the quantity of HBV DNA in the plasma during the acute phase of the non-A, non-B hepatitis was observed in both carriers. The possible role of interferon or a similar antiviral agent in modulation of the HBV-carrier state is discussed. Hybridisation may become, in due course, the method of choice for examining blood samples for infectious hepatitis B virus.
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PMID:Assay of HBV DNA in the plasma of HBV-carrier chimpanzees superinfected with non-A, non-B hepatitis. 640 16

The survival of selected viruses in Lactobacillus- and yeast-fermented edible waste material was studied to determine the feasibility of using this material as a livestock feed ingredient. Five viruses, including Newcastle disease virus, infectious canine hepatitis virus, a porcine picornavirus, frog virus 3, and bovine virus diarrhea, were inoculated into a mixture of ground food waste (collected from a school lunch program) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus. Mixtures were incubated at 20, 30, and 40 degrees C for 216 h. In a second trial, four viruses, including Newcastle disease virus, infectious canine hepatitis virus, frog virus 3, and a porcine picornavirus, were inoculated into similar edible waste material containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mixtures were incubated at 20 and 30 degrees C for 216 h. Samples were obtained daily for quantitative (trial 1) and qualitative (trial 2) virus isolation. Temperature, pH, and redox potential were monitored. Controlled pH and temperature studies were also done and compared with the inactivation rates in the fermentation processes. In trial 1 (Lactobacillus fermentation), infectious canine hepatitis virus survived the entire test period in the fermentation process but was inactivated below pH 4.5 in the controlled studies. Newcastle disease virus was inactivated by day 8 in the fermentation process and appeared to be primarily heat sensitive and secondarily pH sensitive in the controlled studies. The porcine picornavirus survived the fermentation process for 8 days at 20 degrees C but was inactivated more rapidly at 30 and 40 degrees C. The controlled studies verified these findings. Frog virus 3 was inactivated by day 3 in the fermentation process and appeared to be sensitive to low pH in the controlled studies. Bovine virus diarrhea was rapidly inactivated in the fermentation process (less than 2 h) and was pH and temperature sensitive. In trial 2 (yeast fermentation), infectious hepatitis virus survived the entire test period in the fermentation process. Newcastle disease virus was inactivated by day 7 at 20 degrees C and day 6 at 30 degrees C. The porcine picornavirus was inactivated by day 7 at 30 degrees C but survived the entire test period at 20 degrees C. Frog virus 3 was inactivated by day 3 at 20 degrees C and day 2 at 30 degrees C.
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PMID:Viricidal effects of Lactobacillus and yeast fermentation. 641 72

Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem, occurring endemically in all areas of the world. The prevalence of the disease is influenced by numerous factors which may be able to modulate its onset. Study of the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in different geographical, ethnic, social and genetic groups as well as immunological and individual factors has contributed much to our understanding of the disease. Hepatitis viruses are classified into A (infectious hepatitis), B (serum hepatitis) and non-A, non-B. The transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potential hazard in dental practice. A number of reports suggest a significantly higher incidence of hepatitis among dentists than in the general population and also higher rates of hepatitis in certain specialists, especially oral surgeons, periodontists and endodontists, than in general dentists. Vectors of infection with HBV in dental practice are blood, saliva and nasopharyngeal secretions. The incidence of hepatitis B in dental practitioners is influenced by the exposure to infection, the type of practice, the number of years of professional experience and antibody response. HBV may be spread by dentists and dental students, by dental auxiliaries and by other personnel closely associated with clinical practice, who are antigen positive carriers but have no clinical symptoms. Therefore, dentists and their staff should know well the risk of infection from their patients, the risk of cross-infection between patients, and the risk of infecting each other.
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PMID:Status of viral hepatitis in the world community: its incidence among dentists and other dental personnel. 658 34


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