Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Corzyme-MTM (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL), a newly introduced kit for the measurement of serum IgM antihepatitis B core antigen by enzyme immunoassay, was evaluated for the diagnosis of acute B-viral hepatitis (AVH-B). The study included 175 acute viral hepatitis patients with transient hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Sera from 160 were tested on multiple occasions until their HBsAg cleared. IgM anti-HBc was found in 171 of 175 patients (98.4%) during the acute phase. The serum samples from 42 patients with liver biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis, type B (CAH-B), and 18 patients with persistent hepatitis, type B (PH-B), were analyzed for the presence of IgM anti-HBc, using the same technic. None of the sera from 42 patients with CAH-B and only 2 of the 18 patients with PHB had IgM anti-HBc. Thus, the measuring IgM anti-HBc using Corzyme-M kit is helpful in the diagnosis of AVH-B and in the discrimination of acute from chronic HBV infections.
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PMID:Evaluation of enzyme immunoassay for anti-HBc IgM in the diagnosis of acute hepatitis B virus infection. 638 Feb 71

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

175 patients with histological evidence of chronic diffuse liver disease, 67 patients with heart failure, diabetes and atherosclerosis, and 118 healthy adults under 30 years of age engaged in sports were studied for the prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibody (anti-HAV) by radioimmunoassay using a HAVAB (Abbott)-kit. Infection with hepatitis-A virus is highly prevalent in Hungary, anti-HAV having been demonstrated in a very high proportion of controls as well as of patients. Over the age of 40 the incidence is 100% in controls and 98% in patients with chronic liver disease. Infection with hepatitis-A virus must have been asymptomatic in the majority, since no more than 11.4% of the subjects had a history of acute hepatitis. The prevalence of acquired anti-HAV increases with age until it attains 100% in advanced age. The present results lend no support to the possibility that hepatitis-A virus infection might be involved in the production of chronic diffuse liver disease.
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PMID:Hepatitis a virus antibody in chronic diffuse liver disease. 666 44

A field trial of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of the hepatitis Be markers is reported. It is simple to perform, is designed to be read by eye and does not require any expensive apparatus. When compared with a commercially available RIA kit for the detection of the same markers, ELISA was shown to be as sensitive as RIA for the detection of anti-HBe but slightly less sensitive for the detection of HBeAg. However if all specimens negative for both HBeAg and anti-HBe by ELISA are considered to be potentially infectious, the ELISA should prove to be as useful as RIA for determining the "e" status of HBsAg-positive patients and, therefore, provide a reliable indication of the risk of secondary spread of hepatitis B infection to contacts by needle stick accident, close personal contact or perinatal transmission.
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PMID:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of hepatitis Be antigen and antibody: report of a field trial. 684 49

Using the Staphylococcus aureus absorption method, we have modified a commercial radioimmunoassay kit for the determination of total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen so that we can now determine the predominant globulin species of that antibody. One-hundred percent of acute hepatitis B sera had a predominance of immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, whereas immunoglobulin G antibody to hepatitis B core antigen was predominant in 98.2% of chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. With this test and the commercially available tests for immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis A virus, one can now reasonably differentiate acute hepatitis B from non A/non B hepatitis in a chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carrier.
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PMID:Serodiagnosis of acute hepatitis B virus infection by a modified competitive binding radioimmunoassay. 715 50

This study was designed to investigate the usefulness of serum ferritin determinations for the diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The origin of ferritin in the circulation of these patients was also studied by an in vitro incubation system. Ferritin levels were determined by a radioimmunoassay kit (SPAC kit, Daiichi Radioisotope Lab.). Pretreatment serum ferritin levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, hepatitis and anemia than in normal women. All cases with endometrian cancer showed normal ferritin levels. Among patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, stage IV and recurrence groups showed higher ferritin levels than other stages. In vitro incubation studies revealed that squamous cell carcinoma could release significantly larger amount of ferritin than normal squamous epithelium. In addition, circulating and tissue ferritin of squamous cell carcinoma had the same immunological behavior in a ferritin radioimmunoassay, and also showed the identical localization on isoelectrofocusing gels. These results indicated that (1) circulating ferritin in patients with squamous cell carcinoma would, at least in part, be derived from the tumor tissue, and (2) serum ferritin determinations would be useful for the management of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[Ferritin levels in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (author's transl)]. 723 35

To evaluate the effectiveness of screening test for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), the incidence of acute post-transfusion HCV infection in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery and received blood transfusion was studied. All patients were followed prospectively with serum biochemistry tests and viral hepatitis markers before and periodically for at least 6 months after cardiovascular surgery. None of them had history of liver disease and none tested positive for anti-HCV prior to blood transfusion. Before blood donors were screened for anti-HCV with a second-generation HCV diagnostic kit, 28 (12.4%) of 226 patients or 0.49% of 5,690 unit transfusion had seroconverted to anti-HCV during a 6-month follow-up. The incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH) C in 91 patients who had received 1-12 units transfusion was significantly lower than in 135 patients who had received more than 12 units transfusion (6.6 vs. 16.3%, p < 0.05). However, none of the 87 transfused patients, since anti-HCV screening in July 1992, developed PTH C (p < 0.05). The result demonstrates that screening for anti-HCV by a more sensitive second-generation HCV diagnostic assay may protect the patients studied from PTH C. It further provides a firm argument for the necessity of a nation-wide blood donor screening.
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PMID:Incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis before and after screening for hepatitis C virus antibody. 752 56

Serum levels of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) in patients with various liver diseases were determined using an ELISA kit to explore its clinical significance. Significantly high levels of serum hHGF were found in patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Increased levels of hHGF were observed during severe liver injury in patients who died of fulminant hepatitis. However, the levels returned to normal during the repair process of liver injury in the surviving cases. In patients with liver cirrhosis, serum hHGF levels were negatively correlated with serum albumin (Alb) levels. These results indicate that serum hHGF levels are not useful for detecting repair processes of the injured liver, but serve as an index of the severity of liver dysfunction in various liver diseases.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum hepatocyte growth factor levels in liver diseases. 768 68

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of HCV antibodies was established, using recombinant N-14 fusion protein, and compared with the results of Ortho's HCV antibody (C-100 Ab) test, in serum samples of 1848 normal blood donors and 248 patients with liver diseases. The following results were obtained. 1) N-14 antibodies and C-100 antibodies were detected in 25 (1.4%) and 17 (0.9%) out of 1848 normal blood donors, respectively. The detection rate was enhanced by 1% by using the N-14 test in addition to the C-100 kit. 2) The prevalence rate of anti-HCV in NANB liver diseases was 119 of 169 patients (70.4%) by the N-14 test and 114 of 169 patients (67.5%) by the C-100 test. 145 (85.8%) patients were positive by either one of the assays. The antibody in patients with chronic hepatitis tends to be detect in higher rate by the N-14 test than the C-100 test (p < 0.01). Reversely the latter could detect in higher rate than the former in patients with liver cirrhosis (p < 0.01). The detection rate of the antibody in patients with HCC was the same level by these two tests. By using both tests the detection rate was increased by 15-18%, up to totally 85.8% when compared with the rate obtained by testing either one of these tests. 3) Among 79 patients with liver diseases unrelated to HCV infections such as chronic hepatitis B and auto-immune hepatitis, 3 cases (3.8%) were detected by the N-14 test and 7 (8.9%) by the C-100 test, suggesting more strict specificity of the N-14 test. History of blood transfusion of the patients gave no difference in the results. In conclusion, the N-14 test for the detection of HCV infection seems to be specific and sensitive for the blood-screening, and the diagnosis of hepatitis C infection.
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PMID:[Virological studies on the usefulness of anti-HCV ELISA assay using recombinant N-14 fusion protein in various liver diseases]. 768 26

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies were measured in 28 patients with auto-immune hepatitis type 1 using six different assay kits, three for C100-3 antibody and three for second generation HCV antibody, and two confirmatory tests to determine the prevalence of HCV infection in auto-immune hepatitis. These patients were confirmed to have human leucocyte antigen DR 4 or 2 which is susceptible to auto-immune hepatitis in Japanese. Of the 28 patients, four (14.3%) were positive for HCV antibody in all assays and reacted positively in at least one of the two confirmatory tests, indicating a true positive finding. Eight were positive for HCV antibody only by the Ortho ELISA kit and were negative in both confirmatory tests. The cut-off level for these results was low and became negative soon after the patients received corticosteroid treatment. Thus, these eight patients are presumed to be false-positive reactors. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detected in the serum of two of the four patients with HCV antibody and in none of 24 patients without HCV antibody. No significant difference was observed between the patients with and without HCV antibody in terms of clinical background, liver function tests and auto-antibodies. Our results showed that the prevalence of a past or present HCV infection in patients with auto-immune hepatitis in Japan is low; thus, auto-immune hepatitis is thought to be distinct from hepatitis type C. However, it is also suggested that HCV infection can potentially trigger auto-immune hepatitis.
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PMID:Low prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with auto-immune hepatitis type 1. 769 9


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