Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

333 sera from 295 patients were tested for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence, and for their binding capacities towards "native", double stranded DNA (anti-nDNA) by a commercially available radioassay kit. 63 out of 66 SLE sera were ANA positive, and 42 were anti-nDNA positive. 267 "non-SLE" sera were also tested, originating from patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis (77), rheumatoid arthritis (86), scleroderma (40), pseudo-LE syndrome (35), and various other "collagenous" diseases (29). 120 of these 267 sera were ANA positive, while only 16 (6%) gave elevated anti-nDNA values. Thus it appears that this anti-nDNA test kit is a helpful tool for the serological diagnosis of SLE.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic approaches in systemic lupus erythematosus (author's transl)]. 110 79

In this symposium, the speakers have discussed the progress of the current diagnostic methods available for the diagnosis of viral hepatitis type C, and the accuracy and reproducibility at hand now, or which should be attained in the near future. Since the first appearance of ELISA (Ortho) and RIA (Dainabot) kit, the screening of infected blood with HCV from donors has been very successful. Posttransfusion hepatitis following infected blood transfusion has clearly decreased. The carrier rate of HCV in the Ehime prefecture is reported to be 1.85% in males and 1.25% in females. Diagnostic methods of the second generation such as ELISA and RIBA using C200 and C22 (core) protein as antigens yield 92.6 to 100% positive results in a diagnosis of NANB hepatitis following anti-hemophilic sera injection or hemodialysis. Detection of HCV RNA by RT-PCR procedure promised accurate diagnosis. Using such diagnostic methods, the majority of the patients with NANB chronic hepatitis were diagnosed as having CH type C. IgM anti-C 100-3 antibody was not useful for early diagnosis of patients infected with HCV, but the titer was useful for determining the therapeutic response of patients on INF therapy. The route of infection was concluded to be mostly horizontal rather than vertical (maternal-child), though a few cases were present suggestive of maternal transmission. Interferon therapy against patients with CH type C was effective in CAH 2A, but only a poor response was observed in patients with CAH 2B.
 ...
PMID:[Symposium: Current evaluation of diagnostic methods on viral hepatitis type C and consequent clinical features]. 165 58

Hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) was assessed in serum samples from patients with non-A, non-B liver diseases using an Ortho HCV ELISA kit. In patients with posttransfusion hepatitis, anti-HCV was found in 89% and the interval between onset and anti-HCV seroconversion was 51 to 168 (mean 80) days. Anti-HCV remained positive with fluctuating serum GPT levels in 88% of the patients in whom anti-HCV seroconversion was observed. In chronic liver diseases, anti-HCV was found in 70 to 100%, being more common in patients who had a history of blood transfusion. The average interval between transfusion and detectable anti-HCV was 21.5 years. Anti-HCV was also found occasionally in patients having normalized serum GPT level after the onset, HBV carrier with posttransfusion hepatitis and patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Decreasing anti-HCV titer was noted with the normalization of serum GPT levels in the patients who received interferon therapy. These findings suggest that anti-HCV is closely associated with blood transfusion and HCV infection plays an important role in non-A, non-B liver diseases. The improvement of the current HCV assay system seems to contribute to further evaluation of the clinical entity of HCV infection.
 ...
PMID:[Detection of hepatitis C virus antibody in non-A non-B liver diseases]. 184 11

The 5'-noncoding region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes is highly conserved. A two-stage polymerase chain reaction (PCR), involving two pairs of primers deduced from the 5'-noncoding region of the HCV genome, was developed for a sensitive and specific detection of HCV RNA. The first stage of PCR was performed for 35 cycles with primers capable of multiplying fragments of 221 base pairs. PCR products in samples negative for HCV RNA were subjected to the second stage of PCR for 30 cycles with primers located internal to those employed in the first stage of PCR. The two-stage PCR detected up to 10 chimpanzee infectious doses/ml of HCV, and HCV RNA in 11 (92%) of 12 sera from patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis without detectable antibodies to HCV by a commercial assay kit. Primers from the 5'-noncoding region of the HCV genome would be suitable for detecting HCV RNA by PCR, since the other regions of the HCV genome diverge extensively in sequence because of its nature as an RNA virus.
 ...
PMID:Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by a two-stage polymerase chain reaction with two pairs of primers deduced from the 5'-noncoding region. 196 53

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the determination of antibodies against the putative capsid protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV). A 36-mer oligopeptide with a sequence of RRGPRLGVRATRKTSERSQPRGRRQPIPKVRRPEGR (CP9) was synthesized; it was selected on the translation product of the presumptive HCV core gene, because of a high local hydrophilicity and excellent conservation by different HCV strains. The synthetic peptide was immobilized on a solid-support to capture antibodies directed to CP9 (anti-CP9) in test sera, which were detected by Fab' fragments of monoclonal anti-human IgG/gamma labeled with horseradish peroxidase. The specificity of anti-CP9 was confirmed by absorption tests. Anti-CP9 was detected in 13 (68%) of 19 patients with sporadic acute non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis and in 15 (83%) of 18 patients with post-transfusion acute NANB hepatitis. In 7 cases of acute NANB hepatitis who were followed, anti-CP9 developed earlier than antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) detectable by a commercial assay kit. Among patients with chronic NANB liver diseases, anti-CP9 was detected in 103 (77%) of 133 with chronic hepatitis, 70 (62%) of 113 with liver cirrhosis and 31 (76%) of 41 with hepatocellular carcinoma. Anti-CP9 and anti-HCV overlapped in 175 (54%) among 324 cases of acute or chronic NANB liver diseases; 58 (18%) were positive only for anti-CP9 while 49 (15%) were positive only for anti-HCV. HCV RNA was detected, by amplifying HCV cDNA with polymerase chain reaction, in 10 of 11 sera positive only for anti-CP9. Among sera from 606 blood donors, 21 were positive only for anti-CP9. HCV RNA was detected in 5 (24%) of them, all of which had A492 values greater than 0.600 in ELISA for anti-CP9. Based on these results, anti-CP9 would complement anti-HCV for the diagnosis of HCV infection and contribute toward further decreasing posttransfusion NANB hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against the capsid protein of hepatitis C virus with a synthetic oligopeptide. 196 54

The prototype of an ELISA kit using protein A as the second reaction reagent for mice and anti-rat IgG for rats was prepared for seromonitoring of the Sendai virus and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)/sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV)/Parker's rat coronavirus (PCV) infections. The respective antigen strains and protein concentrations were Sendai virus MN strain, 2 micrograms/ml and MHV Nu-67 strain, 5 micrograms/ml. The reliability of this prototype kit was investigated in two field tests performed on a total of 10,094 mouse and rat sera from 147 institutions. The results indicated that the two types of kits for the two species of animals were highly specific, but it is necessary to increase the detection sensitivity of the MHV antigen for the MHV antibody of mice and SDAV/PCV antibodies of rats.
 ...
PMID:Studies on the development of an ELISA kit for microbiological monitoring. 1. Evaluation of the reliability of the prototype kit by field tests. 215 85

Improvement of the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) antigen in a prototype ELISA kit was performed. Equivalent divalent antigens of MHV Nu-67 and S strains with a protein concentration of 10 micrograms/ml showed the best sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MHV and sialodacryoadenitis/Parker's rat coronavirus antibodies in mice and rats, respectively. An increase in the reliability of macroscopic evaluation of both antibody tests is expected by using the newly manufactured kit with the improved antigen.
 ...
PMID:Studies on the development of an ELISA kit for microbiological monitoring. 2. Improvement of the prototype ELISA kit with special references to mouse hepatitis virus antigen. 215 86

NCC-ST-439 is a monoclonal antibody established from human stomach cancer xenografted nude mice. The values of NCC-ST-439 were measured in 139 cases with various digestive tract cancers and 294 cases with benign digestive tract diseases with the NCC-ST-439 EIA kit (Nihon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), and its clinical usefulness was compared with those of CA19-9 and CEA. The positive rates of NCC-ST-439 in cases of digestive tract cancer were high, i.e., 66.7% for cancer of the bile duct, 58.3% for pancreatic cancer and 52.9% for colorectal cancer. In the benign digestive tract diseases, the overall positive rate seen in case of cholelithiasis and cholangitis, chronic gastritis, benign colorectal diseases and hepatitis, was only 3.7%. The positive rate of NCC-ST-439 was lower than those for CA19-9 and CEA in cases of stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and liver cancer, but it was the same as that of CA19-9 and higher than that of CEA in cases of biliary tract cancer and pancreatic cancer. The false positive rate of NCC-ST-439 in benign diseases of the digestive tract was the lowest among the three markers. With respect to sensitivity, specificity and efficiency, CA19-9 showed the highest sensitivity, but NCC-ST-439 and CEA showed better specificity than CA19-9, and NCC-ST-439 showed the highest efficiency. In combination assays using combinations of NCC-ST-439, CA19-9 and CEA, the positive rates for ST-439 alone were 22.1% for stomach cancer, 52.9% for colorectal cancer, 15.0% for liver cancer and 58.3% for pancreatic cancer, while the combined rates increased to 51.9%, 70.6%, 75.0% and 66.7%, respectively. In an investigation of changes with time in NCC-ST-439 values during chemotherapy of various types of digestive tract cancer, there was a decrease in PR cases, no change in NC cases and a tendency to increase in PD cases. These results suggested that it was possible to apply NCC-ST-439 clinically.
 ...
PMID:[Study on the clinical usefulness of NCC-ST-439 in cases of digestive tract cancer]. 221 36

The commercially available HepProbe kit involving the use of a 32P-labeled RNA probe was evaluated for its sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in detecting hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in patient serum by dot blot hybridization. The level of detection was 0.3 pg, corresponding to 3 x 10(4) genomes in 50 microliters of serum. A total of 181 serum samples were tested; 53 (82%) of 65 patients positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis e antigen were positive for HBV DNA compared with only 12 of 74 (16%) hepatitis B surface antigen-positive but hepatitis e antigen-negative individuals. In addition, among all patients positive for HBV DNA, there was a statistically significant correlation between the concentration of HBV DNA in serum and the presence or absence of hepatitis e antigen. None of the 42 hepatitis B surface antigen- and hepatitis e antigen-negative patients tested was positive for HBV DNA. Reproducibility was 87%, with all discordant results representing borderline positives. The results indicate that HepProbe can be employed as a sensitive and reliable assay for HBV DNA in patient serum.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of the commercially available HepProbe kit for detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum. 229 78

The dearth of plasma alpha fetoprotein reference ranges for preterm infants often impairs the clinical interpretation of plasma alpha fetoprotein data collected from ill babies. This study tested our hypothesis that meaningful plasma reference ranges could be established for preterm infants by a simple correction of patient age at sampling date for gestational age deficit at birth. Using a modified radioimmunoassay kit method, determinations of alpha fetoprotein were performed on capillary and venous blood samples collected from 56 babies aged from birth to 5 months with gestational ages ranging from 26 weeks to 43 weeks. Unmodified plasma alpha fetoprotein values were grouped according to patient age and examined statistically using established normal theory methods, but these yielded excessively wide reference intervals and non-Gaussian distribution parameters. Acceptable reference ranges were derived using logarithmic transformation of plasma alpha fetoprotein values and rearrangement against patient age corrected for gestational age deficit. These provisional reference ranges for plasma alpha fetoprotein in preterm (and term) infants are applied to groups of previously meaningless alpha fetoprotein results and used to test the potential usefulness of plasma alpha fetoprotein determination as a diagnostic marker in biliary atresia, hepatitis, and yolk sac derived tumours.
 ...
PMID:Plasma alpha fetoprotein reference ranges in infancy: effect of prematurity. 243 23


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>