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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hepatitis is a significant complication of the treatment of hemophilia A with factor VIII concentrates. Chronic liver disease in these patients is infrequently documented in the literature. The results of percutaneous liver biopsy, under the coverage of glycine-precipitated factor VIII, in six patients with hemophilia A who had the persistence of abnormal liver-function tests for at least 6 months, are described. Three patients had chronic active hepatitis, and three had chronic persistent hepatitis. No complications were encountered as a result of the biopsy procedure. These results suggest that percutaneous liver biopsy should be considered in patients with hemophilia A with continuously abnormal liver-function tests to establish a histologic diagnosis and to guide further therapy.
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PMID:Liver biopsy in hemophilia A. 86 50

Since the approach to the management and outcome of extreme hyperbilirubinemia in patients with sickle cell anemia is not clearly defined, we reviewed our experience with marked hyperbilirubinemia in six children with sickle cell disease. Intrahepatic sickling (sickle hepatopathy) rather than hepatitis or biliary stones appeared primarily responsible for the extreme jaundice in at least four children and possibly in all six. Signs and symptoms were few, and laboratory abnormalities were not striking other than marked hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin concentrations ranging from 20.4 to 57.6 mg/dl with approximately one half conjugated). All of the children improved within days to weeks and currently are well, without recurrence of hyperbilirubinemia or evidence of chronic liver disease. The patients described here suggest that sickling within the liver, previously reported to be a serious and even fatal syndrome, usually is a benign and self-limited process.
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PMID:Benign course of extreme hyperbilirubinemia in sickle cell anemia: analysis of six cases. 87 60

Thirty four out of 45 HBsAg long-term carriers with normal liver function tests, discovered among family members of patients with HBsAg positive liver diseases, have been investigated by liver biopsy. Of these 34, 12 had normal liver tissue and 8 mild non specific changes, such as focal Kupffer cell hyperplasia or mild lymphocytic infiltrates in the portal tracts on liver biopsy. Two subjects showed multiple histioid granulomata scattered in normal liver parenchyma. Of the remaining 12 cases, 8 showed some areas of pin-head necrosis and mild portal tracts infiltration and 4 showed some areas of focal parenchymal infiltration associated with portal tracts inflammation. We consider that these histological changes are very mild lesions within the spectrum of hepatitis. None of our cases had histological picture of Chronic liver disease. Consequently it appears that normal liver function tests may be of some values to exclude severe histological abnormalities.
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PMID:Liver histology in 34 "HPsAg long-term healthy carriers. 88 62

Transition from acute to chronic hepatitis has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. In 17 patients with acute viral hepatitis, observed during a period of 7 years, a liver biopsy showed changes compatible with chronic aggressive hepatitis and superimposed acute hepatitis. Follow-up biopsies showed normal liver in 14 cases, chronic persistent hepatitis in 1, and cirrhosis in 2. In 12 cases the initial biopsy which showed changes suggestive of chronicity was taken 1 month after onset of symptoms of acute hepatitis, or later. Cases developing chronic liver disease showed no characteristic clinical, laboratory, or histological features at the time of the first biopsy. If the diagnosis of chronic active hepatitis is based on histological findings alone in patients with prolonged acute hepatitis, the incidence of this condition will be grossly overestimated. The transition from acute to chronic hepatitis cannot be recognized with any degree of certainty by presently available methods.
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PMID:Significance of suspected "chronic aggressive hepatitis" in acute hepatitis. 89 54

Within 5 to 14 days of onset of grade 3 or 4 coma, liver biopsies were obtained in 14 of 15 consecutive patients who recovered from fulminant hepatitis. In 9 patients, follow-up biopsy was obtained 6 to 60 months after acute hepatitis and autopsy was performed in 2 patients who died in 4 months from complications of hepatitis (aplastic anemia) or of corticosteroid therapy (sepsis). During fulminant illness the biopsy findings were: multilobular necrosis in 4 patients, confluent (bridging) necrosis in 9, and only portal inflammation in 1. The duration or the grade of coma did not correlate with the severity of necrosis on the biopsy. Follow-up biopsy showed development of chronic (active) hepatitis in 3 of 9 patients (with cirrhosis in one of these). Chronic liver disease was not found in the two autopsies. If fulminant hepatitis is the result of vigorous cell-mediated immune attack on hepatocytes, then this process cannot always eradicate chronic hepatitis B surface antigenemia, nor can it always prevent the development of chronic (active) hepatitis or cirrhosis.
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PMID:The liver during and after fulminant hepatitis. 89 67

The study aimed at the confrontation of the results from the investigation of the immunoglobulines G, M, and A (IgG, IgM and IgA), the test for spontaneous rosette formation and the determination of Australian antigen (HBsAg) in 110 patients with chronic liver disease (liver steatosis, chronic persisting hepatitis, chronic aggressive hepatitis and liver cirrhosis). The diagnosis was morphologically confirmed and some of the patients were repeatedly examined. No significant interrelations among the three main classes of immunoglobulines were established in the majority of the groups of chronic liver diseases, speaking for the individual information, carried by the separate immunoglobuline classes. Correlation was established between IgG and IgM in chronic active hepatitis. The mean values of IgG and IgM are considerably higher in cases with splenomegaly. IgG is more often increased when the patients are carriers of HBsAg, being in agreement with the contemporary concepts about the differences in immune pathological mechanism in chronic liver diseases, with and without HB5-antigenemia.
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PMID:[Immunological indices in chronic liver diseases]. 89 22

Acute viral B-hepatitis is the consequence of an effective specific immune response against the hepatitis B-virus with elimination of the virus. Corticosteroids decrease this immune reaction and thereby inhibit virus elimination. In principle, therefore, corticosteroid therapy promotes a transition to chronicity. This theoretical concept is documented practically by 8 patients treated with steroids in the early phase of acute viral hepatitis. Transition to some form of chronic liver disease is documented by serial liver biopsies in all 8 patients. The immunohistological findings showed the presence of HBsAg and HBcAg, as theoretically expected. These 8 selected cases, although uncontrolled, together with the theoretical concept of B-virus elimination, provide evidence against the use of corticosteroids in acute B-hepatitis.
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PMID:[Immunological aspects of acute viral hepatitis treated with corticosteroids]. 92 38

Oxphenisatin is known to induce liver damage and is suspected to cause or perpetuate chronic liver disease. In order to evaluate the hepatotoxic effect of long-term therapy with oxyphenisatin 26 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated for the presence of liver disease. In all cases, liver biopsy, biochemical liver function tests and determination of Hepatitis-B antigen were performed. Ten patients showed no pathological changes in the liver biopsy and a further 2 had only non-specific changes. Seven patients had fatty liver, 5 passive congestion, one haemosiderosis and only one had cirrhosis of the liver. No correlation was found between the activity of rheumatoid arthritis, and duration of the disease, the drug therapy given, and the liver damage.
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PMID:Morphological changes in liver biopsies from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 93 24

To document the sequelae of acute hepatitis among recipients of commercial and volunteer blood and to assess factors influencing the development of chronic hepatitis (CH), 47 patients with post-transfusion hepatitis were followed prospectively from the time they received their transfusions. Twenty-nine had prolongation of at least 2-fold serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (T) elevations for more than 20 weeks, and were classified as CH. When the patients with CH were compared to those with only acute hepatitis (abnormal T for less that 20 weeks), no difference was found with respect to age, sex, number of units transfused, incubation period, presence or absence of symptoms, occurrence of jaundice, maximum T, receipt or development of hepatitis B surface antigen or antibody, underlying illness, or area of the hospital where the patient was treated. Liver biopsies in 15 of the 29 revealed chronic-active hepatitis in 9, chronic persistent hepatitis in 2, unresolved hepatitis in 4. Five of the 9 patients with chronic active hepatitis were without symptoms. None of these died or have developed cirrhosis. Because chronic liver disease frequently developed after acute post-transfusion hepatitis among multiply transfused hepatitis B surface antigen negative blood recipients, close follow-up, including liver biopsy, is warranted in such patients with prolonged transaminase elevations.
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PMID:Post-transfusion chronic liver disease. 96 71

Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipids and the lipoprotein pattern were studied in 169 cases chronic liver disease confirmed by biopsy. On the ground of the immunological and morphological results the patients were classified into five groups. In chronic persistent hepatitis no significant abnormality was found. In chronic aggressive hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver the serum cholesterol level was significantly reduced. In fatty infiltration of the liver the serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid concentrations were significantly increased, as compared with the normal values and with the figures obtained in the cases of chronic inflammatory liver disease. In the cases of cirrhosis with additional diabetes the lipid values were likewise increased. In chronic aggressive hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver the levels of pre-beta and alpha lipoprotein were decreased, in fatty infiltration of the liver those of beta and pre-beta lipoprotein were increased.
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PMID:Serum lipids and lipoproteins in chronic liver disease. 103 49


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