Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six patients suffering from chronic liver disease attributed to oxyphenisatin ingestion are presented. They seem to be the first such cases reported in France. These patients were between 22 and 69 years old, 5 of them were female. Three patients had a chronic active hepatitis (CAH). In these three subjects the onset of the illness was a jaundice ; alanine transaminase (ALAT) exceeded 5 times the upper limit of the normal value ; smooth muscle antibodies were present in 2 patients and antinuclear antibodies in the third. Two other patients had cirrhosis, without chronic active hepatitis ; none presented autoantibodies. The sixth patient suffered from a subacute hepatitis, suggested by the presence of jaundice and ascites, high levels of serum ALAT and a very prolonged prothrombin time ; smooth muscle antibodies were present. In all cases, HBs Ag was absent from serum. Each patient had ingested laxative pills containing oxyphenisatin for 4 to 25 years ; the total amount ingested was comprised between 12.5 and 350 g. The chronic liver diseases reported in this series closely resemble those published in the literature. The lesions observed make it necessary to look for oxyphenisatin ingestion in every patient having CAH or cirrhosis without known etiology. These chronic liver diseases imply the rapid withdrawal of oxyphenisatin from french market, as already enforced in Australia and the United States.
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PMID:[Oxyphenisatin, a laxative responsible for chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, still marketed in France (author's transl)]. 50 28

Twenty-one of 30 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) had evidence of liver involvement. The liver disease was characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, mild elevation of enzymes, abnormal BSP retention and low albumin levels. Histology, available in 12 patients, showed either chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis or liver cirrhosis; 44% of the patients had HBsAg or HBsAb in sera and/or cryoglobulins, confirming the high frequency of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in EMC. However, liver lesions were similar in all patients, regardless of HBV exposure. Since other factors usually associated with chronic liver diseases were absent or apparently irrelevant, it is temptative to speculate that a 'cryoglobulinemic hepatitis' may exist as a distinct syndrome. The characteristic complement profile of the patients with EMC (low CH50 and C4, normal C3PA), not related to albumin levels, can help to differentiate this disease from chronic liver disease without cryoglobulins.
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PMID:Liver involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. 54 44

The prevalence of HBsAg and anti HBs was studied in 1062 inpatients in the city of Rio de Janeiro. HBsAg positivity rates were as follows: a) acute viral hepatitis: 37.8% b) chronic hepatitis 46.67% c) chronic liver disease without hepatitis: 7.69% d) diabetes 3.08% e) lepromatous leprosy 2.35% f) others 2.01%. The carrier state is emphasized. Anti HBs was less frequent in patients with acute viral hepatitis than in patients with other diseases (hepatic or not). The highest levels were: a) lepromatous leprosy: 57.65% b) drug addicts: 46.15% e) diabetes: 43.3%. The high anti HBs positivity is discussed.
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PMID:Infection by the hepatitis B virus in patients of a general hospital. 54 81

A radioimmunological assay was made of HBsAg and HBsAb in 183 patients during the course of acute viral hepatitis, 23 with prior HBsAg-positive hepatitis, 72 with chronic liver disease, 822 blood donors, 44 patients and 28 staff members from two dialysis centres, and the medical and paramedical staff of several high-risk departments. Microimmunodiffusion on agar was also used to determine HBeAg and HBeAb in the same 183 acute hepatitis patients, 37 HBsAg+ blood donors, 20 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, the patients of two haemodialysis centres and the staff of departments at high risk for hepatitis B. Attention is drawn to the marked incidence (5.5%) of chronic HBsAg carriers in the blood donors, and the considerable circulation of virus B in the population examined, HBsAb-positivity (27.6%) being also an expression of this. Stress is also laid on the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the study of the HBsAg-HBsAb system during acute and chronic hepatitis. The importance of serum hepatitis B markers in the transmission of this disease in dialysis centres and other high-risk departments and in its prevention is underscored. Lastly, emphasis is laid on the appreciable progress that analysis of the e-anti-e system offers in the prognostic assessment of type B hepatitis, attention being also drawn to the fact that the dynamics of this system is even more complex and interesting than had first been thought. An assessment of this kind is useful in the differentiation of "contagious" and "non-contagious" HBsAg carriers.
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PMID:[Detection of HBsAg and the related antibody (HBsAb) with the radioimmunological method. Behavior of the HBeAg-HBcAb system in HBsAg-positive patients]. 55 Jul 51

A total of 108 Swiss haemophiliacs (89 haemophilia A and 19 haemophilia B patients) were investigated for the presence of serological hepatitis B virusmarkers and for transaminase abnormalities; the patients were also evaluated regarding hepatitis history. 22% of the patients were found to have a history of acute clinical hepatitis. 82% showed signs of hepatitis B virus (or hepatitis Bs-antigen) exposure: 6% were shown to be hepatitis Bs-antigen carriers, hepatitis B2-antibodies were found in 71% and hepatitis Bc-antibodies in 72% of the patients. 39% of the haemophiliacs showed elevated transaminase activities; it must be assumed that a proportion of the patients of this group have asymptomatic chronic liver disease.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of hepatitis in Swiss hemophiliacs]. 55 69

An outbreak of chronic liver disease was investigated in a kennel of dogs. Anorexia, depression, polyuria, polydipsia, icterus and a terminal hemorrhagic diathesis were noted in clinically affected dogs. Thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, elevated fibrinogen degradation products and prolonged activated partial thrombosplastin times (PTT) and one-stage prothrombin times (PT) were associated with the hemorrhagic crisis. Aflatoxicosis was confirmed by the presence of significant levels of aflatoxicosis was confirmed by the presence of significant levels of aflatoxin B in the commercial dog food being fed. A subacute hepatitis was found on necropsy. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was suspected as the cause of the hemorrhage in these cases and treatment was instituted.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation complicating aflatoxicosis in dogs. 55 87

The humoral immune response to hepatitis B virus antigens and the cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were investigated in 12 healthy persons and 56 patients with various liver diseases. In patients with acute viral hepatitis type B, anti-hepatitis B core antigen was present constantly in serum in all phases, and after clinical recovery simultaneously with anti-HBs. A transitory cellular immune response to HBsAg was demonstrated at the time the antigen was cleared, while a patient with persisting HBs antigenaemia and another with transient hepatitis Bc antigen showed no response during the course of the disease. Cellular immune response to HBsAg was present only infrequently in patients with chronic liver disease type B and non-B, thus suggesting that a cellular immunity to HBsAg is not a prerequisite for the development of these conditions.
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PMID:Humoral and cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B virus antigens in acute and chronic liver disease. 60 51

Six patients with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg-pos) chronic liver disease have been treated with transfer factor (TF) prepared from leucocytes of normal blood donors with no history of hepatitis, and with TF from subjects recently recovered from type B hepatitis. In three patients there were transient elevations of aspartate transaminase (AsT) after 'specific' TF, representing damage or destruction of hepatocytes, and in two of these patients there was coincidental complement consumption, suggesting that TF had stimulated production of antibody. In one other patient there was an increase in E-rosetting lymphocyte (ERL) concentration representing a change in T-lymphocyte reactivity. One of the two patients who had no measured response to TF had a primary liver cell carcinoma and was receiving prednisolone therapy. TF prepared from subjects who have recently recovered from type B hepatitis may have temporarily altered the immunological status of patients with HBsAg-pos chronic liver disease, but it did not have a beneficial therapeutic effect.
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PMID:Transfer factor in the attempted treatment of patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease. 60 32

In order to evaluate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the etiology of chronic liver diseases, paired sera of 143 patients with biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs by radioimmunoassay method. HBsAg was detected in 67.3% of patients with a preceding verified eipsode of acute hepatitis, and in 26.7% of patients with a cryptogenic form of chronic hepatitis. HBsAg was not found in any of patients with alcoholic chronic hepatitis and in only two of 18 patients with other forms of chronic liver disease. No significant difference in the incidence of anti-HBs was observed in all groups of patients. According to previous studies our results confirm the higher prevalence of HBV infection in etiology of chronic persistent and aggressive hepatitis and indicate that this prevalence may be observed especially in Middle and South Italy. The presence of HBsAg in the serum of 37.2% of our patients with cirrhosis compared with 9% of reported cases in North Italy suggest that HBV plays an important role in the etiology of cirrhosis of the liver in our area.
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PMID:[Epidemiologic study of chronic hepatitis in relation to heptatis B virus infections (author's transl)]. 61 63

The complications of isoniazid (INH) were studied in 1033 patients, who had received INH for at least 18 months, with or without other drugs. Hepatitis developed in 25 patients; this was attributed to rifampicin, (15 cases); infectious hepatitis (three cases); INH alone, (three cases); IHN possibly exacerbating chronic liver disease, (two cases); and multiple drug treatment, (two cases). Central nervous system disorders (mainly peripheral neuropathy) due to INH occurred in 12 patients, all of whom were over the age of 40 years. Hypersensitivity to INH developed in 12 patients. Some difficulties in distinguishing hepatitis due to rifampicin from that due to INH are discussed. When the risk of hepatitis was compared with the risks of developing, or dying from, tuberculosis, it was found that the benefits of INH chemoprophylaxis outweighed the risks, particularly in patients who were less than 50 years of age.
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PMID:How safe is isoniazid? 65 34


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