Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective case-control study was conducted to identify occupational risk factors associated with primary liver cancer in New Jersey, with particular focus on agricultural occupations and pesticide exposures. Hospital record room, tumor registry, and death certificate searches for the diagnosis of primary liver cancer resulted in identification of 959 cases of which 335 were subsequently confirmed. Interviews were completed for 265 persons with liver cancer diagnosed between January 1, 1975 and March 1, 1980 and for 530 matched controls; 96% of all interviews were conducted with family members of deceased or incompetent study subjects. Analyses of employment in agricultural occupations identified male farm laborers as having an odds ratio of 1.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-3.00). An estimated relative risk of 3.20 (CI 1.11-9.21) was found for males engaged in winemaking. Among nonagricultural occupations, elevated risks were found for males working as bartenders and those employed in eating and drinking places, laundries and dry cleaning services, and gasoline service stations. An elevated risk of liver cancer was also associated with females employed as cleaning service workers. Hepatitis and cirrhosis could not be evaluated as risk factors in this study. Dose-response trends by level of alcohol consumption were found for both males and females.
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PMID:Occupational risk factors and liver cancer. A retrospective case-control study of primary liver cancer in New Jersey. 683 58

Variation of incidence of HBe antigen (HBeAg) and HBe antibody (anti-HBe) was examined by use of RIA in 72 patients with HBsAg positive liver diseases. 1) Percentage of positive HBeAg was highest (71.5%) in chronic active hepatitis with lobular distortion, followed by chronic active hapatitis without lobular distortion (70.0%) and acute hepatitis in asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (66.7%). In contrast, it was low in chronic inactive hepatitis (35.7%) and liver cirrhosis (38.5%). None of liver cancers showed HBeAg positive reaction. 2) Percentage of positive HBe antibody (anti-HBe) was highest in liver cancer (100%), followed by liver cirrhosis (61.5%) and chronic inactive hepatitis (50.0%). In acute hepatitis from asymptomatic HBsAg carriers no anti-HBe was found. In chronic active hepatitis the percentage of positive anti-HBe was low, 21.4 and 30.0% with and without lobular distortion, respectively. 3) In 45 patients with persistently positive HBsAg liver diseases, fluctuations of HBeAg and anti-HBe were followed over a period of one year in relation to serum GPT values, an indicator of clinical conditions. Serum GPT tended to fluctuate or to remain high in patients with persistently positive HBeAg or with sporadically positive HBeAg or anti-HBe, whereas it tended to become low or normal with persistently positive anti-HBe or with seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe. However, there were some exceptions to this tendency. From these results we concluded that it is clinically of significant value to determine HBeAg and anti-HBe levels for the effective assessment of the activity and time course of HBsAg positive liver diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of HBeAg and anti-HBe in HBsAg positive liver diseases]. 684 Jun 66

Osaka, Japan, has one of the highest, primary liver cancer (PLC) incidence-rates in the world, although hepatitis-B virus (HBV) is not endemic. This paper addresses the question of whether the PLC-incidence variation within Osaka Prefecture is due to differences in the prevalence of hepatitis-C virus (HCV) infection. The screening data of antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) and of hepatitis-B virus antigen (HBsAg) in 111,069 male blood-donors, and the incidence data of male PLC obtained from the Osaka Cancer Registry were examined. In a multiple-weighted regression analysis, the age-standardized incidence rate of PLC in the 61 counties within Osaka was correlated significantly with the age-standardized prevalence of anti-HCV with adjustment for that of HBsAg (regression coefficient [RC] = 7.26, P < 0.0001). This finding was consistent with the relationship between the PLC incidence rate and the prevalence of high-titer (> or = 2(12)) anti-HCV (RC = 11.18, P < 0.0001). There was significant association between the prevalence of HBsAg and the PLC incidence rate with adjustment for that of anti-HCV (RC = 7.08, P = 0.018). These findings suggest that the PLC-incidence variation within Osaka is correlated with the geographic pattern of HCV infection as well as that of HBV infection among the residents.
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PMID:Primary liver cancer incidence-rates related to hepatitis-C virus infection: a correlational study in Osaka, Japan. 751 Jan 33

Risk of cancer mortality from 1973 to 1985 in persons born in the Indian subcontinent who migrated to England and Wales was analysed by ethnicity, and compared with cancer mortality in the England and Wales native population, using data from England and Wales death certificates. There were substantial highly significant raised risks in Indian ethnic migrants for cancers of the mouth and pharynx, gall bladder, and liver in each sex, larynx and thyroid in males, and oesophagus in females. There were also substantial raised risks in these migrants of each sex for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and myeloma. For the mouth and pharynx, and liver in each sex, and gall bladder in females, there were also raised risks of lesser magnitude in British ethnic migrants. For colon and rectal cancer and cutaneous melanoma in each sex, ovarian cancer in women and bladder cancer in men, there were appreciable significantly reduced risks in the Indian ethnic migrants not shared by those of British ethnicity. Appreciable raised risks in British ethnic migrants not shared by those of Indian ethnicity occurred for nasopharyngeal cancer in males, soft tissue malignancy in both sexes and non-melanoma skin cancer in males. In migrants of both ethnicities there were appreciable significantly raised risks in each sex for leukaemia and decreased risks in each sex for gastric cancer, for lung cancer except in females of British ethnicity and in males for testicular cancer. The results suggest the need for public health measures to combat the high risks of oral and pharyngeal cancers and liver cancer in the Indian ethnic immigrant population of England and Wales, by prevention of betel quid chewing and hepatitis transmission respectively. The data also imply that early exposures or early acquired behaviours in India, or exposures during migration, may increase the risk of leukaemia and reduce the risks of gastric and testicular cancers in the migrants irrespective of their ethnicity. Aetiological studies would be worthwhile to investigate the reasons for the sizeable decreased risk of colon and rectal cancer and increased risk of gall bladder cancer in each sex and the increased risk of thyroid and laryngeal cancer in males and oesophageal cancer in females of Indian ethnicity but not of British ethnicity who have migrated from the Indian subcontinent.
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PMID:Cancer mortality in Indian and British ethnic immigrants from the Indian subcontinent to England and Wales. 757 89

Based on a prospective study including a population size of eighty thousand in Nanhui County, the risk factors of primary liver cancer in Nanhui County were found as follows: history of hepatitis (OR 1.03, 95%CL 1.02-1.04), the length of drinking pond & ditch water (OR 1.16, 95% CL 1.02-1.32) and the length of drinking river water (OR 1.25, 95% CL 1.09-1.43). The length of drinking shallow well water (OR 0.65, 95% CL 0.59-0.73) and deep well water (including tap water, OR 0.20, 95% CL 0.16-0.25) seemed to be the protective factors of PLC. These data are useful for PLC prevention and to identify the high-risk individuals in Nanhui County.
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PMID:[The prospective research of risk factors of primary liver cancer in Nanhui County, Shanghai]. 776 21

To investigate clinicopathologic characteristics of primary liver cancer (PLC) in young adults, 77 patients younger than 35 years were compared with 603 patients older than 35 years during the same period. In the young patients, PLC showed a low incidence of PLC detected at mass survey (young 15.6% versus older 28.7%, P < 0.05); a low incidence of hepatitis history (young 36.8% versus older 66.3%, P < 0.01); a high incidence of positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) (young 79.2% versus older 67.6%, P < 0.05); a low incidence of associated cirrhosis (young 64.9% versus older 90.7%, P < 0.01); larger tumor size (PLC > 5cm; young 87.0% versus older 73.0%, P < 0.01); a more advanced stage of the disease in TNM classification (stage III; young 29.9% versus older 18.2%, P < 0.05). It is suggested that hepatitis B virus (HBV) may play an important role in the development of PLC without associated liver cirrhosis in the young patients. A close periodic surveillance of young adults with a positive HBsAg is important to detect PLC at an early stage.
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PMID:[Clinicopathologic characteristics of primary liver cancer in patients younger than 35 years]. 778 53

C/EBP is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. In order to identify its distribution and localization, immunohistochemical technique (ABC method) was done using anti-C/EBP polypeptide antibodies 1103#, 425# in liver specimens from 20 normal adults, 5 neonates, 6 patients with hepatitis, 25 with liver cirrhosis, 80 with hepatocellular carcinoma (40 cases were associated with surrounding nontumorous tissues) and 26 patients with cholangiocarcinoma (15 cases were associated with surrounding nontumorous tissues). The results showed that C/EBP was diffusely distributed in nuclei and cytoplasm of differentiated liver cells and very low or undetectable in liver cancer cells. The manifestation of C/EBP correlated with degree of differentiation of tumour cells, and was obviously weaker than that in surrounding nontumorous tissues. C/EBP positive staining has also been found in regenerating epithelial cells of bile ductules. The results suggested that C/EBP should play an important role in establishing and maintaining the differentiation of liver cells.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical demonstration of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) in human liver tissues of various origin. 780 44

We propose that hepatitis virus can cause an increase in the incidence of liver cancer by a combination of two mechanisms: (1) cell killing and stimulation of mitosis leading to an accumulation of events necessary for transformation, and (2) an increase in chromosomal instability mediated by induced recombinogenic protein(s) during chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:Hepatitis virus-related hepatocarcinogenesis. 781 42

LEC rats develop an autosomal recessive hepatitis and subsequently liver cancer associated with copper accumulation in the liver similar to that of Wilson's disease. Using 71 backcross [(WKAH x LEC) x LEC] rats, linkage analysis of the hepatitis with the WD gene for Wilson's disease revealed identical segregation and no recombination event between these two genes. This result indicates that the WD gene is a prime candidate for the hts gene responsible for the hepatitis of LEC rats, and suggests that the hepatitis of LEC rats may be caused by a defect in a copper-transporting ATPase expressed in the liver.
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PMID:The WD gene for Wilson's disease links to the hepatitis of LEC rats. 792 21

A synthetic HDAg 27 peptide which was selected and designed by the authors and synthesised by Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science was used with ELISA method to detect serum anti HD in HBV infected subjects in Chongqing. Anti HD was positive in one of 300 blood donors and was negative in all of 113 cases of hepatitis A and 58 cases of hepatitis non-B. Anti HD was positive in 106 out of 882 cases with positive HBV marker (12.02%), among which anti HD was positive in 3.17% (13/410) of HBsAg carrier, 14.4% (11/76) of acute hepatitis, 7.6% (1/13) of chronic persistent hepatitis, 17.68% (22/121) of chronic active hepatitis, 19.77% (17/86) of severe hepatitis, 29.49% (23/78) of liver cancer and 19.39% (19/98) of primary hepatic cancer. These results coincided with those of previous reports. The coincidence rate was 94.9% (74/78) when compared with Abbott EIA kit. When the natural HDAg was used to compete anti HD in four anti HD positive and two anti HD negative serum specimens, anti HD was negative in all specimens. It is shown that the HDAg 27 peptide has natural HDAg activity capable of being recognized by natural anti HD and is a new diagnostic agent being more simple, save, stable and reliable.
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PMID:[Application of synthetic 27 oligopeptide of HDV antigen for detecting serum anti-HD in HBV infected subjects in Chongqing]. 795 61


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