Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-one serum samples from 18 wolves (Canis lupus) were collected from 1985 to 1990 from northwestern Montana (USA) and southeastern British Columbia, Canada, and evaluated for antibodies to canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper (CD), infectious canine hepatitis, and Lyme disease; we found prevalences of 13 (65%) of 19, five (29%) of 17, seven (36%) of 19, and 0 of 20 wolves for these diseases, respectively. Pups died or disappeared in three of the eight packs studied. In these three packs, adult pack members had CPV titers > or = 1,600 or CD titers > or = 1,250. In packs that successfully raised pups, CPV and CD titers were low. We propose that CPV or CD may have caused some pup mortalities.
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PMID:Serologic investigations of canine parvovirus and canine distemper in relation to wolf (Canis lupus) pup mortalities. 802 16

During the last decade, there has been a sharp increase in the number of tests routinely used to screen all volunteer whole blood donations for evidence of transfusion-transmissible infection. These measures have had a dramatic effect on improvements in transfusion safety, especially as far as hepatitis viruses and the human immunodeficiency virus are concerned. Although all blood donations are not routinely screened for evidence of possible transmissibility of cytomegalovirus, some are, since there is now a clearer understanding of the categories of patients in whom this infection must be avoided. Recent studies have also pointed to a role for leukocyte filtration of transfusion products as an alternative to donor screening for selected patients at risk of cytomegalovirus infection. With regard to other viruses, knowledge about the relevance of Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, and parvovirus to blood product safety is incomplete. Until their pathogenicity, if any, in transfusion recipients is known, recommendations about special handling of blood products because of concern for these viruses is premature.
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PMID:Transfusion-transmitted viral infections other than hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, and human parvovirus B19. 816 84

The presence of viruses in blood cells or plasma from asymptomatic donors is the major risk of transmitting an infectious agent through blood transfusion. The main viruses involved are hepatitis viruses and retroviruses. The risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been progressively and efficiently reduced in the last years by the successive introduction of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), antibody to hepatitis B core (HBc Ab), and more recently antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV Ab). The risk of transmitting human retroviruses like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) has also been reduced drastically thanks to screening for corresponding antibodies. However, except for HBs Ag screening, the immunoassays used for HCV, HIV, or HTLV only detect antibodies. Therefore, although they are infectious, a few blood units may be not discarded. The efficacy of preventive measures depends on the incubation time, the infectivity during this silent phase, and the sensitivity of screening procedures. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and parvovirus B 19 are responsible for common infections. Consequently, 30% to more than 50% adults have serologic evidence of past infection. However, both viruses may cause severe primo-infections in some circumstances, especially in pregnant women or immunodeficient individuals.
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PMID:[Viral risks associated with blood transfusion]. 838 12

Virucidal methods to inactivate infectious agents are based on various methods of heating or chemically treating plasma concentrates of coagulation factors VIII and IX used in the treatment of hemophilia A and B. This clinical evaluation of the viral safety of such 'treated' concentrates is mainly based on the prospective study of previously untreated hemophiliacs by means of clinical and serological markers of viral infection. Although there have been a few focal episodes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by clotting factors, these have been traced to ineffective virucidal methods that are no longer used or to clerical errors during the manufacturing process. Viral inactivation by pasteurization, vapor heating, heating in the lyophilized state at 80 degrees C and addition of solvent/detergent definitely decreases the risk of infection with hepatitis B and C. The current screening of plasma units for antibody to hepatitis C virus prior to inclusion in pools for concentrate production should further decrease the risk of hepatitis C infection. Other viruses, such as parvovirus and the hepatitis A virus, may still cause infections because they are quite resistant to virucidal methods. On the whole, virucidal methods have greatly reduced the risk of new HIV infections and, to a lesser degree, hepatitis.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of viral safety of coagulation factor VIII and IX concentrates. 803 99

In a Muscovy duck breeding-growing farm in Aomori prefecture, most of ducklings hatched during spring in 1994 died within two-week-old. The mortality was nearly 100%. In most cases, birds died without clinical signs and some with leg weakness. By serological and virological tests, the outbreak was identified as a goose parvovirus infection. In pathological test, however, no typical manifestations of goose parvovirus infections (hepatitis and intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatic cells) were detected.
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PMID:An outbreak of goose parvovirus infection in Japan. 851 19

The paper describes events that in the last fifteen years, have led to the identification of the aetiological agents of three widely known diseases: cat scratch disease, erythema infectiosum and exanthem subitum. The particular features of Afipia felis and Rochalimaea, Parvovirus B 19 and Herpesvirus 6 are presented. The paternity of new diseases (i.e. bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis hepatitis, LES-like syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, petechial glove and sock syndrome, etc.) has also been attributed to some of these pathogens as has the paternity of some older ones (i.e. aplastic crisis, erythroblastosis fetalis, trench fever, hepatitis, opportunistic infection, etc.). It has been argued that the same pathogen can cause different diseases depending on the immunogenic state of the subject. To date, persisting difficulties in isolating the pathogen or differentiating between latent or active infection, still in some cases raises doubts concerning the attribution of the disease to a specific agent. New immunological or molecular techniques, allowing the direct detection of in vivo replication, are still needed in order to establish a sure connection between some of these agents and some of these diseases. Progress here will both give more accurate data about the epidemiology of some diseases and allow us to apply more appropriate treatment and prevention techniques.
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PMID:New pathogens, and diseases old and new. I) Afipia felis and Rochalimaea. II) Parvovirus B 19. III) herpesvirus 6. 871 Apr 8

Viral exanthems can be classified as erythematous vesicular and papular. The majority are erythematous with the most common viral causes being non polio enteroviruses, respiratory viruses, acute. Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes viruses 6 and 7, and parvovirus B-19. Measles, rubella, mumps, acute GMV, hepatitis viruses. HIV seroconversion, Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses are less commonly seen. The differential diagnosis includes drug eruption, erythematous bacterial exanthems and Kawasaki's syndrome.
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PMID:Viral exanthems in childhood. 871 3

Rheumatic complaints secondary to viral infections are usually brief, self-limited and nondestructive. They may accompany almost any type of viral illness, and the arthritic presentation is nonspecific. These manifestations are protean, ranging from arthralgia to vasculitis. Often the cause of the rheumatic complaint remains elusive because of the prompt resolution of the viral infection. Evaluation for autoimmune diseases should be postponed until the symptoms have been present for at least six weeks. However, some viral diseases, such as parvovirus, chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, can produce long-lasting rheumatic symptoms. Since the arthritis associated with hepatitis C infection has only recently been recognized, it is important to search for this association in patients who have atypical rheumatic complaints, risk factors for hepatitis and alterations in liver enzymes, so that an accurate diagnosis can be established and the pathophysiology can be better understood.
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PMID:Viral infection as a cause of arthritis. 890 Mar 60

A previously healthy 33-year-old male patient presented with fever, rash and polyarthritis. Subsequently, he developed pleuropneumonitis, pericardial effusion and hepatitis. The diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection was based on the detection of parvovirus DNA by PCR in a skin biopsy, bone marrow cells and serum. The patient had high parvovirus IgG antibody titres but remained negative for IgM at a three month follow-up, suggesting persistence of the virus or reinfection. It is concluded that detection of viral DNA is needed to verify a parvovirus B19 infection even in an immunologically healthy host.
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PMID:Detection of parvovirus B19 in skin biopsy, serum, and bone marrow of a patient with fever, rash, and polyarthritis followed by pneumonia, pericardial effusion, and hepatitis. 903 82

Molecular biology techniques are applied for the diagnosis of meningoencephalitis due to herpesviruses, enteroviruses or polyomaviruses, for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus, human parvovirus B19, varicella-zoster virus and rubella virus infections occurring during pregnancy, for the diagnosis and the management of retrovirus infections (HIV and HTLV) and of hepatitis (HBV and HCV), for papillomavirus typing and to detect a link between virus and clinical manifestations (cardiomyopathy or insulinodependent diabetes with coxsackievirus B: Kaposi's sarcoma with HHV 8) or to investigate an environmental contamination with viruses. These new molecular markers which are both qualitative and quantitative represent an important advance in the field of viral diagnosis research, in the monitoring of viral load during the course of infection, in the therapy control of viral disease and in the epidemiology of virus spread. Standardization and automatization are obtained using available commercial reagents and kits.
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PMID:[Molecular biology at the service of the daily medical virology. 2. Applications to virological diagnosis]. 918 Sep 61


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