Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Causes of maternal mortality were investigated in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from September 1981 to September 1983. Viral hepatitis ranked third among the leading causes of maternal mortality behind septic abortion and puerperal sepsis. There were 26 deaths from viral hepatitis during the 2-year study period for a hospital maternal mortality rate of 91.0 per 100,000 live births. Although 30% of women who died of all maternal causes received antenatal care in Addis Ababa, only 13% of women who died from viral hepatitis in our hospital study received antenatal care. Low socio-economic status (SES) has been shown to be associated with low antenatal care utilization and with an increased risk of protein malnutrition. Malnutrition is considered a predisposing factor for liver damage. Suggestions for reducing hepatitis transmission and maternal mortality through education, better hygiene, and improved sanitation are discussed.
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PMID:Viral hepatitis as a major cause of maternal mortality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 288 44

The case notes of all patients who died over the January 1980 to December 1985 period in Tikur Anbessa Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, as a result of conditions associated with pregnancy, labor, and puerperium were reviewed in an effort to identify the most common causes of maternal death. Postpartum autopsy seldom was possible; consequently, the cause of death was based on clinical findings only. 216 deaths occurred over the 6-year period; there were 22,404 live births in the same period, giving a maternal mortality rate (MMR) of 9.6/1000. This rate included deaths from complications following abortions. 197 of the deaths occurred in women who were not booked into Tikur Anbessa Hospital. In terms of direct causes of death, abortion, puerperal sepsis, and ruptured uterus together accounted for 75.9% of deaths. Of indirect causes, infectious hepatitis, relapsing fever, and malaria accounted for 56.8% of deaths. Of deaths due to abortion, 21/48 occurred in nulliparas, and 25 were below age 19. Of the deaths caused by ruptured uterus, 20/29 occurred in multipara, and all of those women were from rural areas. The majority of deaths from hepatitis occurred in the 30-34 years age group. In Ethiopia, the maternal mortality rate is high because of both poor or inadequate antenatal and postnatal care as well as because of poor transportation and communication systems.
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PMID:A six-year review of maternal mortality in a teaching hospital in Addis Ababa. 341 42

The research aim was 1) to determine the incidence of maternal mortality in a rural health center area in Sirur, Maharashtra state, India; 2) to determine the relative risk; and 3) to make suggestions about reducing maternal mortality. The data on deliveries was obtained between 1981 and 1984. Medical care at the Rural Training Center was supervised by the Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, the B.J. Medical College in Pune. Deliveries numbered 5994 singleton births over the four years; 5919 births were live births. 15 mothers died: 14 after delivery and 1 predelivery. The maternal mortality rate was 2.5/1000 live births. The maternal causes of death included 9 direct obstetric causes, 3 from postpartum hemorrhage of anemic women, and 3 from puerperal sepsis of anemic women with prolonged labor. 2 deaths were due to eclampsia, and 1 death was unexplained. There were 5 (33.3%) maternal deaths due to indirect causes (3 from hepatitis and 2 from thrombosis). One woman died of undetermined causes. Maternal jaundice during pregnancy was associated with the highest relative risk of maternal death: 106.4. Other relative risk factors were edema, anemia, and prolonged labor. Attributable risk was highest for anemia, followed by jaundice, edema, and maternal age of over 30 years. Maternal mortality at 30 years and older was 3.9/1000 live births. Teenage maternal mortality was 3.3/1000. Maternal mortality among women 20-29 years old was lowest at 2.1/1000. Maternal mortality for women with a parity of 5 or higher was 3.6/1000. Prima gravida women had a maternal mortality rate of 2.9/1000. Parities between 1 and 4 had a maternal mortality rate of 2.3/1000. The lowest maternal mortality was at parity of 3. Only 1 woman who died had received more than 3 prenatal visits. 11 out of 13 women medically examined prenatally were identified with the following risk factors: jaundice, edema, anemia, young or old maternal age, parity, or poor obstetric history. The local hospital death rate was 5.7/1000 and the district referral hospital death rate was 13.9/1000. The home delivery death rate was 1.2/1000. 5 (33.3%) who died had preterm deliveries. 5 infants died perinatally, 5 died neonatally, and 1 died postneonatally. Infant mortality was 6 times greater among mothers who died.
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PMID:Maternal mortality in Sirur. 1231 32