Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The special features of liver sinusoidal endothelium (LSE) are crucial for normal liver physiology. Cirrhotic livers, especially in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), are characterized by transformation of the LSE into a continuous, vascular type. The transformation is important for disease progression and explains some of the pathological hallmarks of the cirrhotic liver. Here, we investigated the presence of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC)-reactive autoantibodies (Abs) in the sera of patients with autoimmune liver diseases, and assessed the ability of these Abs to transform LSE into vascular endothelium. Compared to healthy individuals (9%), significantly higher numbers of patients with PBC (59%; P < 0.001) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (32%; P < 0.05) had Abs against LSECs. Incubation of primary LSEC cultures with F(ab')(2) fragments of anti-LSEC Abs isolated from sera of patients with PBC and AIH, induced 1) cell surface expression of vascular endothelium-associated markers, CD31, and factor VIII-related antigen; 2) significant production of fibronectin, laminin and collagen type IV; 3) loss of fenestrae, formation of tight junctions and Weibel-Palade bodies. Deposition of immunoglobulins on LSECs were found in liver biopsies of AIH and PBC patients. Thus, anti-LSEC autoAbs transform LSE into a vascular type and may therefore play an important role in the development of hepatocellular failure and portal hypertension in PBC and AIH patients.
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PMID:Capillarization of hepatic sinusoid by liver endothelial cell-reactive autoantibodies in patients with cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. 1450 37

Primary hepatic epitheloid heamangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare neoplasm of vascular origin. We present a retrospective study of 6 patients with EHE treated by liver transplantation that were monitored clinically for more than 3 years and had protocol biopsy samples taken at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years posttransplant. None of the patients suffered from any form of viral or autoimmune hepatitis before or after the transplantation. Two patients had lung metastases detected by preoperative imaging. All tumours showed factor VIII, CD31, and CD34 strong positive staining. In 5 of the 6 transplant recipients the protocol graft biopsies showed chronic non-specific hepatitis with slowly progressive periportal fibrosis that appeared during the 3rd post-transplant year. The septal fibrosis was diagnosed in the 6th and 10th year after transplantation. Liver tests did not reflect either the presence or the degree of inflammation or fibrosis and have remained normal. In retrospect, we consider that our recipients most probably developed alloantigen dependent inflammatory and fibrotic damage to their liver grafts. All six recipients are still alive for a median survival time of 95.1 month (range 44 months to 132 months), with good graft function, and without recurrence of the tumor. The lung metastases in 2 of the 6 patients have remained unchanged for 10 and 12 years retrospectively.
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PMID:Allograft hepatitis after liver transplantation for epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. 1965 97

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHAE) is a malignant vascular tumor derived from endothelial cell often misdiagnosed as Hepatic carcinoma on the basis of radiological features. Till now etiology of this rare curiosity is unknown but it is related with use of oral contraceptives pills (OCP), liver trauma, exposure to vinyl chloride and hepatitis. We herein report on a case which failed to be diagnosed by cytopathology, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patient was a 46 yr old man presented with abdominal distension for a month. Initial liver function test (LFT) was increased whereas renal function test (RFT) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were normal. His abdominal ultrasound revealed multiple hypoechoic nodules and multiple liver calcifications. Subsequently laparoscopic omental biopsy and Ultrasound guided liver biopsy was done showing the neoplastic cells scattered in fibrous stroma. The immunohistochemistry for endothelial tumor cells stained positive for Vimentin (+++), CD10 (+++), CD34 (++), CD31 (+), Factor VIII antigen (focal) (+) and low proliferative activity for ki-67. Our case is very interesting in which patient admitted with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain and diagnosed to be a Malignant Hepatic EHAE metastasized to the peritoneum, omentum and mesentery. The patient was on thalidomide 50 mg/day and increased to 100 mg/day. 5-Flurouracil (FU) intraperitoneal chemotherapy and other symptomatic and supportive treatment was given to the patient. Our case highlights on the importance of immunohistopathological diagnosis, compare the radiological findings of this disease and discuss the treatment strategy with review of available literature.
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PMID:Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma metastasized to the peritoneum, omentum and mesentery: a case report. 2619 13

As a highly malignant tumor, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In most HCC patients, the development of HCC begins with hepatitis, which is followed by fibrosis and cirrhosis before progressing to HCC. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are generally believed to be derived from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), are highly involved in the development of HCC through the secretion of cytokines and angiogenic factors. The results of our study showed that a considerable number of CAFs highly expressed CD90 and were enriched in HCC tissues. Bioinformatics analysis of the transcriptome of HCC tissues revealed that placental growth factor (PlGF) is significantly correlated with CD90 expression. The isolated primary CAFs and activated HSCs overexpressed PlGF and CD90. In addition, the results of gene expression profiling interactive analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas showed that high levels of both PlGF and CD90 are correlated with tumor angiogenesis markers (CD31, CD34, and CD105) and predict poor HCC patient prognosis. In summary, our results suggest that CAFs can generate PlGF and may provide an effective target for CAFs-regulated neoangiogenesis in HCC.
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PMID:CAF-induced placental growth factor facilitates neoangiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. 3182 97