Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pharmacokinetics of ornidazole, a nitroimidazole derivative, was investigated after intravenous injection in 3 groups of 10 patients with different hepatic diseases: hepatitis, noncholestatic cirrhosis and extrahepatic cholestasis. Plasma concentrations of ornidazole and its two major hydroxylated metabolites, M1 [alpha-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxymethyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol] and M4 [3-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole 1-yl)-1,2-propane diol] were measured by HPLC assay. As a consequence of a decreased clearance (26% to 48%), the half-life and MRT are increased in all patients by 19% to 38% when compared with healthy volunteers. No clear difference could be established between the different groups. The volume of distribution remains the same in all patients and controls except those suffering from cancer. As previously shown in patients with severe liver cirrhosis, both metabolites accumulate in plasma as a result of decreased elimination; formation is no longer the rate-limiting step of their kinetics. This metabolite accumulation is in part due to decreased biliary excretion and to hepatocellular failure.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics of ornidazole in patients with acute viral hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, and extrahepatic cholestasis. 270 94

Rhabdoid sarcoma is a tumor of unknown etiology that usually occurs in the kidneys of infants and small children. We report an adolescent with a rhabdoid sarcoma of the chest wall. In addition to the patient's age and the site of the tumor, other unusual features of this case were as follows: positive staining of tumor cells with neuron-specific enolase, the presence of chronic, active, hepatitis that apparently developed coincident with the sarcoma, and the presence of widespread hemosiderosis. Two of the patient's siblings died in infancy with degenerative neurologic disease, hepatomegaly, and multiple congenital anomalies. The histochemical findings and family history lend support to previous suggestions that some rhabdoid sarcomas may be of neural crest origin and may be heritable lesions.
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PMID:Extrarenal rhabdoid sarcoma. 374 41

Adenovirus-induced fulminant hepatitis is rare. It has been reported in children with primary immunodeficiency, following transplantation or while receiving chemotherapy for hematological malignancy. We present the case of an infant recovering from chemotherapy for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) in whom a diagnosis of hepatic necrosis due to adenovirus was made.
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PMID:Adenovirus necrotizing hepatitis complicating atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. 2650 78

Oxymatrine (OMT) and matrine (MT) are two naturally occurring alkaloids, both of them provide anti-hepatitis effects. However OMT effect was heavily limited due to its low bioavailability, short half-life and whole body distribution. Herein, we investigated hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) liposomes made by pH gradient active loading to understand the improved hepatoprotective effect mechanisms. Pharmacokinetics researches demonstrated the half-life time of OMT HSPC liposomes was 17.10h in mice. Compared with OMT solution, AUC (0-8) of OMT and MRT (0-8) of MT had been increased 11.8 fold and 14.3 fold in HSPC liposomes. Moreover, tissue distribution revealed the relative AUCs of total alkaloids in liver of OMT HSPC liposomes was as 4.18 times as that of OMT solution. Our data suggested that pathological topical necrosis and mild vacuolar degeneration of liver progressively returned to normal, and serum level of alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) were significantly reduced after treating with OMT HSPC liposomes in acute liver injury mice induced by CCl4. Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and pathological researches manifested that HSPC liposomes served as an ideal and potential oxymatrine liver target carrier to prolong OMT retention time and maintain high therapeutically level in liver.
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PMID:Effect of oxymatrine HSPC liposomes on improving bioavailability, liver target distribution and hepatoprotective activity of oxymatrine. 2838 75

Angiostrongylus costaricensis is the causative agent of abdominal angiostrongyliasis, a zoonotic infection that may produce severe eosinophilic enterocolitis or hepatitis in humans. Parasites are usually not released in stools and serology has an important role in diagnosis. Since cross-reactivity is demonstrated between A. costaricensis and another metastrongylid worm, A. cantonensis, we tested heterologous recombinant galectin as a probe in an immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test (ICT-RDT) for detection of anti-A. costaricensis antibodies. Almost all (11/12) positive control sera from A. costaricensis infected patients were positive at ICT RDT. These are preliminary indications that r-galectin ICT-RDT is useful for diagnosing A. costaricensis infection.
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PMID:Abdominal angiostrongyliasis can be diagnosed with a immunochromatographic rapid test with recombinant galactin from Angiostrongylus cantonensis. 3296 30