Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human parvovirus B19 is responsible for a wide variety of clinical syndromes, including erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease, polyarthritis, aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemia, and chronic anemia in immunocompromised persons. Liver enzyme abnormalities are an infrequently reported association of parvovirus B19 infection in adults. We present a case of an acute transient hepatitis in the setting of parvovirus B19 infection, associated with arthralgias and an erythematous, edematous rash on the hands and leg.
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PMID:Parvovirus b19 infection associated with acute hepatitis, arthralgias, and rash. 1907 35

Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection has been associated with a number of autoimmune disease manifestations. Both HCV and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be manifested by autoantibody and immune complex formation, polyarthritis, hepatitis, and glomerulonephritis. In this case report, we describe a patient presenting contemporaneously with HCV infection, hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, and SLE. We report the effective control of some autoimmune responses in this patient by therapy with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, and we discuss the clinical dilemma of autoimmunity occurring in HCV infection and SLE. Patients with lupus-like illnesses presenting with risk factors for hepatitis, a history of hepatitis, or elevated serum transaminases should be screened for HCV infection.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus and systemic lupus erythematosus. 1907 75

Chromobacterium violaceum infections are highly fatal and rarely reported in domestic animals. This report describes a fatal case of C. violaceum septicemia in a 7-day-old female beef calf. The calf had necrosuppurative omphalophlebitis, necrotizing interstitial pneumonia, necrosuppurative hepatitis and splenitis, anterior uveitis with hypopyon, suppurative polyarthritis, and disseminated hemorrhagic meningitis with multifocal necrotizing encephalitis. Histologically, clusters of gram-negative bacilli were found in many of the lesions. C. violaceum was isolated in high numbers from the lungs, liver, spleen, carpus, and in pure culture from the cerebrospinal fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of chromobacteriosis in a calf.
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PMID:Septicemia in a neonatal calf associated with Chromobacterium violaceum. 1911 18

We, here, report the case of a parvovirus B19 infection in an immunocompetent male patient presenting with acute hepatitis and polyarthritis. To follow the course of infection, we used a previously established enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISPOT) technique to detect CD4+ T cells specific for viral proteins. Even though symptoms of arthritis and hepatitis resolved in the immunocompetent individual within a few weeks, viral DNA in serum and CD4+ T cells specific for the viral protein VP1 unique region were still detectable more than 6 month after the onset of symptoms, thus pointing to a persistent state of infection. On the basis of this observation, we hypothesize that the intensity of liver involvement correlates with the likelihood of developing persistent parvovirus B19 infection. The described ELISPOT technique to detect virus-specific CD4+ T cells provides an excellent tool to analyse the state of parvovirus B19 infection for future studies to test this hypothesis.
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PMID:Persistent parvovirus B19 infection detected by specific CD4+ T-cell responses in a patient with hepatitis and polyarthritis. 1954 95

DRESS syndrome (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) is a rare drug hypersensitivity reaction with a significant mortality. We describe a 60-year-old man with polyarthritis treated with sulfasalazine who developed DRESS and fulminant liver failure after additional vancomycin treatment. Liver histology revealed infiltration of granzymeB+ CD3+ lymphocytes in close proximity to apoptotic hepatocytes. After a superurgent liver transplantation and initial recovery, the patient developed recurrent generalized exanthema and eosinophilia, but only moderate hepatitis. Histology showed infiltration of FasL+ lymphocytes and eosinophils in the transplanted liver. Treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone was unsuccessful. Postmortem examination revealed extensive necrosis of the liver transplant. This case report illustrates that patients with DRESS may develop fulminant liver failure and that DRESS recurrence can recur in the transplanted liver. Histological and immunological investigations suggest an important role of granzymeB and FasL mediated cell death in DRESS associated hepatitis.
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PMID:Fulminant liver failure after vancomycin in a sulfasalazine-induced DRESS syndrome: fatal recurrence after liver transplantation. 1970 26

Adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. The disease is characterized by typical spiking fever with evanescent rash, sore throat, polyarthralgias or polyarthritis, and involvement of various organs. Most of the reported cases with liver involvement occurred during the period of treatment with hepatotoxic drugs, whereas AOSD associated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is extremely rare. AIH may be an indicator of the poor prognosis of AOSD. Herein we describe a case of successful treatment with plasma exchange for AOSD-associated AIH.
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PMID:A case report of successful treatment with plasma exchange for adult-onset Still's disease with autoimmune hepatitis. 2081 19

Chikungunya fever, caused by "Chikungunya virus," is an arbovirus disease transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes belonging to the genus Aedes. Chikungunya fever epidemics have been reported from several countries around the world. The disease that was silent for nearly 32 years re-emerged in the October 2005 outbreak in India that is still ongoing. The incubation period ranges from 3 to 12 days. The onset is usually abrupt and the acute stage is characterized by sudden onset with high-grade fever, severe arthralgias, myalgias, and skin rash. Swollen tender joints and crippling arthritis are usually evident. In the chronic stage, relapses that include sensation of fever, asthenia, exacerbation of arthralgias, inflammatory polyarthritis, and stiffness may be evident. Neurological, ocular, and mucocutaneous manifestations have also been described. Chronic arthritis may develop in about 15% of the patients. Viral culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Chikungunya fever. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification have also been found to be useful. Serodiagnostic methods for the detection of immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies against Chikungunya virus are more frequently used. Chikungunya is a self-limiting disease; however, severe manifestations such as meningoencephalitis, fulminant hepatitis, and bleeding manifestations may sometimes be life-threatening. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Prevention by educating the community and public health officials, vector control measures appear to be the best approach at controlling Chikungunya fever as no commercially available vaccine is available for public use in India for this condition presently.
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PMID:Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of Chikungunya fever: lessons learned from the re-emerging epidemic. 2041 81

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis of the large and small joints, and in the majority of patients, there is a presence of the rheumatoid factor and erosions in the X-ray of the joints. More recently, the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) in this disease has been described, with diagnostic and prognostic value. Nevertheless, these antibodies have also been described in infectious diseases. The aim of the present study was to make a systematic review of the presence of antibodies against citrullinated peptides in infectious diseases. Search was conducted in the MEDLINE (1966 to 2010), Cochrane, SCielo, and LILACS databases, using the terms: "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and infectious diseases"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and virus"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and mycobacteria"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and tuberculosis"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and leprosy"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and leishmaniasis"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and HIV"; "anti-CCP and HTLV"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and Chagas disease"; "anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and Lyme disease", and the corresponding terms in Portuguese. Twenty-five publications were found, which dealt with anti-CCP and infection, and only one on anti-MCV and infection. Of these, 23 were cross-sectional and three cohort studies. Anti-CCP antibodies were found in various frequencies, reaching 37% in tuberculosis. In the other infections, it was a rare finding. In only one publication, anti-MCV was found in only one patient with hepatitis. Since infectious diseases are capable of running their course with osteoarticular symptoms, sometimes difficult to differentiate from RA, additional studies are necessary to define the performance of the test for the detection of anti-CCP antibodies in populations in which the frequency of such infections is high.
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PMID:Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides in infectious diseases--a systematic review. 2068 5

Constrictive polyserositis (pleuritis, pericarditis) is a syndrome within the underlying disease (tuberculosis, periodic disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, asbestos, silicosis, uremia, some genetic diseases), a complication due to chest surgery or radiation or drug therapy, is occasionally idiopathic (fibrosing mediastinitis). There are frequently great difficulties in making its nosological diagnosis. The paper describes a patient in whom the onset of disease was exudative pleurisy with the signs of constriction, arthralgias; pleural punctures provided serous exudates with 80% lymphocytes. A year later there was ascitis and shin and foot edemas, which concurrent with hepatomegaly and cholestasis was regarded as cryptogenic liver cirrhosis. The signs of constrictive pericarditis were further revealed. The disease was complicated by the development of pulmonary artery thromboembolism (PATE) (which required the use of warfarin) and hemorrhagic vasculitis. Therapy with metipred in combination with isoniazid yielded a slight effect. The diagnoses of tuberculosis, liver cirrhosis, and autoimmune hepatitis, systemic vasculitis were consecutively rejected; the diagnosis of rheumatoid polyarthritis with systemic manifestations was made, by taking into account persistent arthalgias with the minimum signs of arthritis, noticeably increased C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (CCPA); plasmapheresis, therapy with metipred and methotrexate, and subtotal pericardectomy were performed. Constrictive polyserositis concurrent with PATE, hemorrhagic vasculitis (probably, drug-induced one), and hepatic lesion has been first described in a CCPA-positive patient with rheumatoid arthritis in the presence of moderate true arthritis (during steroid therapy).
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PMID:[Severe disseminated constrictive polyserositis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis]. 2073 Nov 14

Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a parasitic disease found in tropical countries. Most infections are subclinical but may progress to chronic form characterized most frequently by the presence of liver involvement and portal hypertension. We report a patient that presented chronic polyarthritis with positive rheumatoid factor. During investigation, increased liver enzymes, negative hepatitis serologies and signs of portal hypertension on an ultrasound examination raised suspicion of S. mansoni infection. We will discuss pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of S. mansoni infection with special attention to articular involvement.
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PMID:Schistosoma mansoni infection: an immune complex disease presenting with polyarthritis. 2122 60


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