Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The structure of the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex of three coronaviruses was investigated. A single-stranded helix of diam. 14 to 16 nm and up to 320 nm in length was released from disrupted particles of human coronavirus strain 229E and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 after incubation in mild conditions. The helical complexes appeared to be composed of globular subunits with long axes of 5 to 7 nm surrounding a hollow core of diam. 3 to 4 nm. The complexes were shown to be sensitive to both pancreatic RNase and to pronase. No undegraded internal component was obtained from disrupted avian infectious bronchitis virus particles. We conclude that these structures are RNP complexes. The similarity between these RNPs and those of other large lipid containing RNA viruses is discussed.
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PMID:Ribonucleoprotein-like structures from coronavirus particles. 20 20

The morphology of three coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus strain Connecticut (IBV Conn), human coronavirus strain 229E (HCV 229E) and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 (MHV3), were examined by negative staining. Significant differences were found in the sizes of the three coronaviruses. Furthermore, three types of surface projection of the same lengths, but varying widths and morphology, were observed. Both IBV Conn and HCV 229E had bulbous projections characteristic of coronaviruses, although the projections of HCV 229E were somewhat thinner than those of IBV Conn. On the other hand, MHV3 particles had thin, cone-shaped surface projections, that were completely unlike typical coronavirus projections. The significance of these results is discussed.
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PMID:Comparison of the morphology of three coronaviruses. 21 34

Special physical examinations were made in order to find out the actual status of damages to health that had broken out in a factory collecting V2O5 from iron sand; and the following results were found: 1. Pharyngitis and bronchitis were found in 25% of the workers exposed to vanadium, but neither pneumonia nor hepatitis was observed. 2. Among the subjective and objective symptoms, respiratory irritation and discoloration of the tongue were frequent. 3. Black spot-like pigmentations gathering in a zonal form 1-2 mm wide in the transitional part and oral mucosa of the upper lip were found. Prevalence rate of this sign was 14.3% in the workers exposed to vanadium. 4. The mean valus of total serum protein and the serum cholesterol in the exposed workers were lower than those in the controls. The difference in the values between both groups is statistically significant. 5. Both the mean values of vanadium concentrations in vurine and its creatinine ratios in the exposed workers were twice to three times those in the controls; however, these parameters decreased to about one third in two months by improving the health and environmental control-measures. 6. Draft items to be checked in special physical examinations of workers handling vanadium have been proposed.
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PMID:[Results of the special physical examination of workers in a vanadium plant (author's transl)]. 47 Feb 10

The 5'-most gene, gene 1, of the genome of murine coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), is presumed to encode the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. We have determined the complete sequence of this gene of the JHM strain by cDNA cloning and sequencing. The total length of this gene is 21,798 nucleotides long, which includes two overlapping, large open reading frames. The first open reading frame, ORF 1a, is 4488 amino acids long. The second open reading frame, ORF 1b, overlaps ORF 1a for 75 nucleotides, and is 2731 amino acids long. The overlapping region may fold into a pseudoknot RNA structure, similar to the corresponding region of the RNA of avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The in vitro transcription and translation studies of this region indicated that these two ORFs were most likely translated into one polyprotein by a ribosomal frameshifting mechanism. Thus, the predicted molecular weight of the gene 1 product is more than 800,000 Da. The sequence of ORF 1b is very similar to the corresponding ORF of IBV. In contrast, the ORF 1a of these two viruses differ in size and have a high degree of divergence. The amino acid sequence analysis suggested that ORF 1a contains several functional domains, including two hydrophobic, membrane-anchoring domains, and three cysteine-rich domains. It also contains a picornaviral 3C-like protease domain and two papain-like protease domains. The presence of these protease domains suggests that the polyprotein is most likely processed into multiple protein products. In contrast, the ORF 1b contains polymerase, helicase, and zinc-finger motifs. These sequence studies suggested that the MHV gene 1 product is involved in RNA synthesis, and that this product is processed autoproteolytically after translation. This study completes the sequence of the MHV genome, which is 31 kb long, and constitutes the largest viral RNA known.
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PMID:The complete sequence (22 kilobases) of murine coronavirus gene 1 encoding the putative proteases and RNA polymerase. 184 89

Bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus) were inoculated with 10(6) mean tissue-culture infective dose of quail bronchitis virus at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age by intratracheal, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous routes. Quails developed necrotizing tracheitis, proliferative and necrotizing bronchitis and pneumonia; multifocal necrotizing hepatitis; necrotizing splenitis, with or without hyperplasia of splenic mononuclear phagocytes; bursal lymphoid necrosis; and bursal atrophy. Lesions were more extensive and severe in quails inoculated at 1 or 3 weeks of age than in older quails. Large intranuclear inclusions, characteristic of adenovirus infection, were identified in trachea, lung, liver, and bursa of Fabricius. This is the first report of the histopathology of experimentally induced quail bronchitis.
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PMID:Pathology of experimentally induced quail bronchitis. 215 96

Antigenic and genomic relationships among tissue culture-adapted turkey enteric coronavirus (TCV) isolates, three strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and mammalian coronaviruses were investigated. Immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation experiments using polyclonal antisera showed that the four major structural proteins of TCV cross-reacted with the four homologous proteins of bovine enteric coronavirus (BCV), the N and M proteins of mouse hepatitis virus serotype 3, and the N protein of IBV. Close antigenic relationships between TCV and BCV were also established by seroneutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition. Of 49 monoclonal antibodies produced against either TCV or BCV, 11 differentiated the two viruses. Five of these monoclonal antibodies had neutralizing activities and were directed to either the peplomeric S (gp200-gp100) or hemagglutinin HE (gp140-gp65) glycoproteins. BCV cDNA probes tested on purified viral preparations and coronavirus-positive (by electron microscopy) fecal samples from diarrheic turkey poults confirmed the relatedness of TCV and BCV. The two viruses produced distinct cytopathic changes in HRT-18 cells in the presence of trypsin, whereas only TCV isolates were able to reproduce the clinical symptoms in turkey poults. Their matrix (M) proteins undergo different glycosylation processes.
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PMID:Antigenic and genomic relationships among turkey and bovine enteric coronaviruses. 215 66

An adenovirus (isolate 1452) associated with inclusion body hepatitis of bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus) was characterized as a group I, serotype 1 avian adenovirus and was indistinguishable from quail bronchitis virus. Bobwhite quails were inoculated via the intratracheal or intraperitoneal route with 10(6) mean tissue-culture infective dose of isolate 1452 at 1, 3, 6, or 9 weeks of age. Lesions produced by either route of inoculation were similar to those of quail bronchitis and included necrotizing tracheitis, proliferative and necrotizing bronchitis and pneumonia, and multifocal necrotizing hepatitis, necrotizing splenitis with or without hyperplasia of splenic macrophages, and lymphoid necrosis and atrophy of the bursa of Fabricius. Basophilic intranuclear viral inclusions were present in respiratory mucosal epithelium, hepatocytes and occasionally bile duct epithelium, and the mucosal epithelium overlying follicles of the bursa. Results indicate that isolate 1452 is a field isolate of quail bronchitis virus and that inclusion body hepatitis of bobwhite quails is a manifestation of quail bronchitis.
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PMID:Further characterization of an avian adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis in bobwhite quails. 217 32

The gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of the human coronavirus HCV 229E has been cloned and sequenced. This analysis predicts an S polypeptide of 1173 amino acids with an Mr of 128,600. The polypeptide has 30 potential N-glycosylation sites. A number of structural features typical of coronavirus S proteins can be recognized, including a signal sequence, a membrane anchor, heptad repeat structures and a carboxy-terminal cysteine cluster. A detailed, computer-aided comparison with the S proteins of infectious bronchitis virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus and murine hepatitis virus, strain JHM is presented. We have also done a Northern blot analysis of viral RNAs in HCV 229E-infected cells using synthetic oligonucleotides. On the basis of this analysis, and by analogy to the replication strategy of other coronaviruses, we are able to propose a model for the organization and expression of the HCV 229E genome.
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PMID:Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein of human coronavirus HCV 229E. 234 67

cDNA clones mapping within the first 2601 bases of the 3' end of the TGEV genome were sequenced completely or in part by the method of Maxam and Gilbert and open reading frames were examined. One reading frame yielding a protein having properties of the matrix (M) protein was identified. It is positioned at the immediate 5' side of the nucleocapsid (N) gene but is separated by an intergenic region of 12 bases. The deduced M protein is comprised of 262 amino acids, has a molecular weight of 29,544, is moderately hydrophobic, and has an amino acid sequence homology of approximately 36% with the mouse hepatitis coronavirus, 37% with the bovine enteric coronavirus, and 28% with the avian infectious bronchitis virus. Judging from an alignment with MHV and IBV proteins, the amino terminus of the TGEV M protein extends 54 amino acids from the virion envelope which compares with 26 for MHV and 21 for IBV.
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PMID:Nucleotide sequence of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus matrix protein gene. 282 20

We have sequenced 200 to 240 bases of the matrix (M) glycoprotein gene of 23 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) representing the A (D207), B (D3896), C (D3128), D (D212), Massachusetts (Mass), UK11 and UK12 serotypes. The bases examined code for the external, hydrophilic region and the first membrane-embedded hydrophobic region of M, both regions comprising approximately 20 amino acids. As predicted from protein Mr studies the A/D and B/C serotypes had two and one potential glycosylation sites respectively. This variation appeared to derive from a combination of base substitutions and deletions/insertions. The glycosylation sequence Asn-Cys-Thr was highly conserved. Overall, the exposed part of M exhibited a fourfold greater extent of amino acid variation than did the membrane-embedded sequence. The transcription-associated homology region sequence (CUUAACAA) in the 5' intergenic region was identical in all strains but there was considerable variation as to its location. The M gene of UK12 appeared to have evolved from a group A-like M gene by a two stage process involving a base substitution in the intergenic region which generated a new AUG translation start codon followed by deletion of the original AUG. Isolate UK11 closely resembled Mass strains in the intergenic region but was dissimilar from all strains in the protein coding region. The M sequences of serotypes B and C were identical and those of the A and D serotypes very similar. These results are discussed in relation to recent sequencing of part of the spike glycoprotein gene of some of these strains and the discovery of in vitro recombination of murine hepatitis coronavirus.
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PMID:Evolution of avian coronavirus IBV: sequence of the matrix glycoprotein gene and intergenic region of several serotypes. 283 26


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