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Query: UMLS:C0019158 (hepatitis)
 30,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In reviewing 54 cases of granulomatous hepatitis (GH) diagnosed among 2,620 laparoscopies, we have been able to classify the capsular GH changes into five patterns: Macular, exudative, pinpoint, granular and cord-like. The exudative pattern was the most frequent one, and predominated in brucellosis. The granular pattern was most common in tuberculosis. Furthermore, 35 additional cases, in whom a laparoscopic diagnosis of GH was not confirmed by liver biopsy, showed a trend to a final diagnosis consistent with multifocal diseases, whenever laparoscopic pictures were similar to the patterns described herein. We speculate with the limits associated with the use of only a single biopsy sample. We conclude that laparoscopy permits the establishment of a tentative diagnosis of GH, which could provide us with valuable information about the usefulness of obtaining multiple hepatic biopsies.
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PMID:Diagnostic yield and endoscopic patterns of laparoscopy in the diagnosis of granulomatous hepatitis. 297 73

We reviewed laboratory-acquired infections occurring in Utah from 1978 through 1982. Written and telephone interviews of supervisors of 1,191 laboratorians revealed an estimated annual incidence of 3 laboratory-acquired infections per 1,000 employees. Infections, in order of frequency, included hepatitis B (clinical cases), shigellosis, pharyngitis, cellulitis, tuberculosis (skin test conversion), conjunctivitis, and non-A, non-B hepatitis. One-half of large laboratories (over 25 employees), but only 12% of smaller laboratories, reported infections. The annual incidence, however, at smaller laboratories was more than three times greater than at large laboratories (5.0 versus 1.5 per 1,000; P less than 0.05, chi-square test). Microbiologists were at greatest risk of infection, with an incidence of almost 1%, followed by generalists and phlebotomists. Shigellosis was acquired only by microbiologists and accounted for more than half of their infections. The most common laboratory-acquired infection, hepatitis B, affected a microbiologist, a hematologist, a phlebotomist, a pulmonary blood gas technician, and a blood bank technologist who died from her illness. Clinical cases of hepatitis B occurred at a rate 10 times higher than the rate in the general U.S. population. The incidence of tuberculosis skin test conversion was intermediate between rates reported for hospital employees and for the state of Utah.
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PMID:Infections acquired in clinical laboratories in Utah. 315

The clinical, bacteriologic and pathologic findings of three adult horses suffering from avian tuberculosis are presented. Chronic weight loss and hypoproteinemia were pertinent clinical abnormalities in all three horses. Gross pathologic lesions were characterized by chronic enterocolitis with mesenteric lymphadenopathy in two horses and hepatic granulomas in the third horse. The microscopic diagnoses were chronic, non-caseating granulomatous enterocolitis, and necrotizing, non-mineralizing granulomatous hepatitis, respectively. All three horses had granulomatous lymphadenitis of mesenteric lymph nodes with varying degrees of non-mineralizing, coagulation necrosis. Various serotypes of the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex were isolated from selected tissues and feces.
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PMID:Avian mycobacteriosis in three horses. 316 73

In order to ensure adequate reduction of risks of contamination in dental practice, potential pathogens should be known and insight should be gained into possibilities of contamination. The first part of this article presents brief descriptions of the most relevant pathogenic microorganisms such as the causative agents of tuberculosis, gonorrhoea, syphilis, herpes simplex, hepatitis, AIDS and legionnaires' disease. Possibilities of contamination in dental practice are considered next, with special reference to various ways in which microorganisms can be transmitted: Hand instruments. Rotating instruments, multiple-function syringe and ultrasonic scaler. Instruments used in endodontics. Hands and face. Clothing. Treatment unit. Measures that can be taken in order to minimize the risk of contamination will be discussed in Part II.
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PMID:Hygiene in dental practice--Part I: Potential pathogens and possibilities of contamination. 327 48

Macronodular involvement of the liver is a rare manifestation of hepatitis tuberculosis. Two cases of this pseudotumoral form are reported on ultrasonography, demonstrating multiple hypoechoic nodules distributed throughout the liver. The authors state the difficulty in differentiating this form in its atypical presentation from lymphomatous or secondary malignancies. They stress the importance of the bacteriological and/or histological diagnosis which can be performed with fine-needle percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guidance and which allows effective therapy.
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PMID:Hepatitis tuberculosis presenting as tumoral disease on ultrasonography. 328 Mar 85

We describe a patient who underwent inadvertent gastroileostomy, and subsequently developed malabsorption, granulomatous hepatitis, arthritis, and reactivation of tuberculosis accompanied by circulating immune complexes and lowered C1q. Surgical correction resulted in marked improvement, with disappearance of arthritis, return to normal of complement levels, and absence of demonstrable circulating immune complexes. Arthritis has not been documented in the spectrum of abnormalities described after gastroileostomy.
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PMID:"Bypass arthritis" after gastroileostomy. 337 26

The prevalence of cutaneous, medical and surgical disorders was studied in 846 leprosy patients. Common cutaneous disorders among leprosy patients were pityriasis versicolor, tinea, pyodermas, warts, acquired ichthyosis, scabies, pediculosis and callosities. Only pityriasis versicolor had higher incidence when compared to general population. Common medical diseases were tuberculosis, infective hepatitis and diabetes mellitus. The epidemiological importance of their co-existence with leprosy is discussed and relevant literature of other diseases found to be frequently associated with leprosy is reviewed.
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PMID:The associated diseases with leprosy. 344 Aug 51

A 10-year-old girl with cervical tuberculosis was treated with Isoniazid, Rimfampicin and Ethambutol. After 2 weeks of treatment a hepatotoxic reaction developed. Withdrawal of therapy resulted in complete clinical improvement and in normalization of all laboratory measurements. Treatment was restarted with Rifampicin, Pyrazinamid and Ethambutol. Liver enzyme levels were monitored weekly. Seven weeks after this three-drug regiment was started, all therapy was discontinued because of elevated liver enzyme levels. However, the patient died 2 weeks later of progressive fulminant hepatitis.
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PMID:Fulminant hepatitis during treatment with rifampicin, pyrazinamid and ethambutol. 359 48

During 1984-5 this continuing survey showed that 41 infections occurred in the staff of 193 laboratories, representing 23,043.5 person years of exposure. The community was the probable source of two cases each of hepatitis A and B, one of tuberculosis, two of campylobacter enteritis, and 12 of Norwalk viral diarrhoea. Occupational exposure was the probable cause of six hepatitis B infections (affecting haematology, biochemistry, and microbiology staff), three of tuberculosis (affecting mortuary and morbid anatomy workers), seven shigella, three salmonella (including one typhoid) and one pseudocholera infection (all in microbiology medical laboratory scientific officers), and a streptococcal infection in a mortuary technician. An episode of hepatitis of uncertain cause affected a carrier of hepatitis B. The incidence of reported infections of all types was 178 per 100,000 person years (91 for infections of suspected occupational origin). The highest incidence was in morbid anatomy and mortuary workers, followed by microbiology medical laboratory scientific officers.
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PMID:Infections in British clinical laboratories, 1984-5. 365 83

Of 2135 elderly residents of nursing homes in Arkansas (mean age, 79.4 years) who have been treated with isoniazid for prevention of tuberculosis, data from 1935 were suitable for analysis. About 12 months of therapy was successfully completed in 1600 persons. Therapy could not be completed in 84 persons (4.4%) because of incipient hepatic toxicity and in 116 (6.0%) because of other types of drug intolerance. Although 135 persons (7.0%) died during the course of therapy, no evidence was found that isoniazid contributed to any death. The ratio of benefit (reduction of risk for tuberculosis) to risk (for nonfatal isoniazid-related hepatitis) was clearly favorable in persons who had definite conversions (1.6 for women, 3.4 for men) but less so for persons who had tuberculin reactions of unknown duration and for persons with minor increases in size of tuberculin reaction (less than 12 mm increase from an initially negative reaction).
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PMID:Benefit-risk considerations in preventive treatment for tuberculosis in elderly persons. 368 77


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